This document discusses several approaches to understanding urban political economy and sociology. It describes classical theories that view economic disparity and class conflict as driving urban development. Additionally, it discusses how capitalism concentrates people and economies spatially in a "double tendency". More recent theories examine how businesses choose locations to avoid unionization and how real estate investment is a leading driver of growth. The socio-spatial perspective views urban outcomes as linked to economic, political, and cultural factors and sees infrastructure and society as mutually influencing each other spatially.
Architecture, urban design, street and infrastructure design from social and sociological point of view including wide public place and space in the city. Developing place for good social interaction during design city, buildings and regions
Cities and Urban Life: Globalization and the Modern Metropolis. (Urbanization)brunogiegerich
PowerPoint presentation on urbanization, urbanism (city) life and the metropolis in a globalizing world. Covers the rise of mega-cities and some sociological aspects of urban life; with many pictures, themes and key social theorists.
Architecture, urban design, street and infrastructure design from social and sociological point of view including wide public place and space in the city. Developing place for good social interaction during design city, buildings and regions
Cities and Urban Life: Globalization and the Modern Metropolis. (Urbanization)brunogiegerich
PowerPoint presentation on urbanization, urbanism (city) life and the metropolis in a globalizing world. Covers the rise of mega-cities and some sociological aspects of urban life; with many pictures, themes and key social theorists.
Dr. Einhard Schmidt Kallert
“Food Security and Nutrition in an Urbanizing World”
June 06, 2017
Brussels, Belgium
The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), SNV Netherlands Development Organization, and Welthungerhilfe are jointly organizing a one-day event in Brussels on the eve of the European Development Days to explore the challenges and opportunities of urbanization from a variety of perspectives
Thanks a lot ,for your look on this presentation.
With this presentation you'll know,
What is National Urban Policy
Key Features
Issues in national urban policies
Postmodern Urbanism and the New PsychogeographyTina Richardson
This lecture provides an overview of some of the theoretical approaches to the postmodern city highlighting the issues that pertain to the appearance of urban space under neoliberalism. You will be introduced to some of the leading contemporary thinkers from the field of urban theory/planning and urban cultural studies. Many of the motifs that arise in the theories of contemporary urban life have been incorporated into the critical practices of a number of today’s urban walkers. These practitioners have developed their own form of psychogeography which responds to the complexity of postmodern space in different ways. Tina’s lecture will tease out some of these motifs and will demonstrate how they have been incorporated into the various methodologies of the New Psychogeography.
Dr. Einhard Schmidt Kallert
“Food Security and Nutrition in an Urbanizing World”
June 06, 2017
Brussels, Belgium
The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), SNV Netherlands Development Organization, and Welthungerhilfe are jointly organizing a one-day event in Brussels on the eve of the European Development Days to explore the challenges and opportunities of urbanization from a variety of perspectives
Thanks a lot ,for your look on this presentation.
With this presentation you'll know,
What is National Urban Policy
Key Features
Issues in national urban policies
Postmodern Urbanism and the New PsychogeographyTina Richardson
This lecture provides an overview of some of the theoretical approaches to the postmodern city highlighting the issues that pertain to the appearance of urban space under neoliberalism. You will be introduced to some of the leading contemporary thinkers from the field of urban theory/planning and urban cultural studies. Many of the motifs that arise in the theories of contemporary urban life have been incorporated into the critical practices of a number of today’s urban walkers. These practitioners have developed their own form of psychogeography which responds to the complexity of postmodern space in different ways. Tina’s lecture will tease out some of these motifs and will demonstrate how they have been incorporated into the various methodologies of the New Psychogeography.
CHAPTER 12 THE NORTH-SOUTH GAP CHAPTER OVERVIEW .docxcravennichole326
CHAPTER 12
THE NORTH-SOUTH GAP
CHAPTER OVERVIEW
Chapters 12 and 13 address the issues and concerns related to the disparities in wealth
and power between the industrialized countries in the global North and the more typically
less industrialized countries in the global South. Chapter 12 presents an overview of the
more left-of-center theories that seek to explain this phenomenon, whereas Chapter 13
examines the situation from a more classical liberal perspective.
The chapter forcefully asserts the dire prospects of people who are confronted with abject
poverty—a kind of poverty unknown to most citizens of the United States—and details
the consequences. The current state of the global South is described, including the
challenge to provide even basic human needs, hunger, urbanization, and the role of
women in development. The difference between migrants and refugees is discussed, and
the issue of human trafficking is raised.
Theories of the accumulation of wealth—how it occurs and who has been able to control
the process—are presented. A comparison between capitalist and socialist approaches is
offered, and world-system theory is explained.
Finally, the chapter addresses the impact of imperialism on the global South, both at the
time of imperialism and to the present day. The history of world civilizations, and
dominance of European civilization, is provided, along with a history of imperialism.
The effects—both positive and negative—of colonialism are described and the current
situation of postcolonial dependency is discussed. Poverty and lack of access to basic
human resources are prime causes of revolutions, and communist revolutions during the
Cold War are discussed. The changes to governments after revolutions are analyzed,
with the conclusion that, in many cases, they are not too different, at least in the long-run.
CHAPTER 13
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER OVERVIEW
Chapter 13 examines the issue of economic development from a more capitalist
perspective. One simple measure of economic development is per capita GDP. Using
this measure, the successes and failures of the South as a whole and, more importantly, of
its regions and countries, can be analyzed.
The discussion then turns to the experiences of a variety of countries in the global South.
First, the Newly Industrializing Countries (NICs) are discussed. In particular, the success
of the four tigers of East Asia—South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore—are
described. Second, the Chinese and Indian experiences are discussed. Finally, brief
descriptions of a variety of other countries from Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the
Middle East are provided.
No single model of success emerges from the discussion of these countries’ experiences.
However, the authors identify several common themes concerning trade, the
concentration of capital, authoritarianism, and corruption. With respect to trade, two
...
SOCIAL SCIENCE SS ELECTIVE 6 Cities and SocietiesJollibethGante
PART II: GLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON CITIES
Overview of Global Cities – Saskia Sassen
The Urban-Rural Interface and Migration – Alan Gilbert and Josef Gugler
Community, Ethnicity, and Urban Sociology – Jan Lin
The New Urban Reality – Roger Waldinger
The Return of the Sweatshop – Edna Bonacich and Richard P. Appelbaum
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell my pi coins for cash in a pi APPDOT TECH
You can't sell your pi coins in the pi network app. because it is not listed yet on any exchange.
The only way you can sell is by trading your pi coins with an investor (a person looking forward to hold massive amounts of pi coins before mainnet launch) .
You don't need to meet the investor directly all the trades are done with a pi vendor/merchant (a person that buys the pi coins from miners and resell it to investors)
I Will leave The telegram contact of my personal pi vendor, if you are finding a legitimate one.
@Pi_vendor_247
#pi network
#pi coins
#money
Resume
• Real GDP growth slowed down due to problems with access to electricity caused by the destruction of manoeuvrable electricity generation by Russian drones and missiles.
• Exports and imports continued growing due to better logistics through the Ukrainian sea corridor and road. Polish farmers and drivers stopped blocking borders at the end of April.
• In April, both the Tax and Customs Services over-executed the revenue plan. Moreover, the NBU transferred twice the planned profit to the budget.
• The European side approved the Ukraine Plan, which the government adopted to determine indicators for the Ukraine Facility. That approval will allow Ukraine to receive a EUR 1.9 bn loan from the EU in May. At the same time, the EU provided Ukraine with a EUR 1.5 bn loan in April, as the government fulfilled five indicators under the Ukraine Plan.
• The USA has finally approved an aid package for Ukraine, which includes USD 7.8 bn of budget support; however, the conditions and timing of the assistance are still unknown.
• As in March, annual consumer inflation amounted to 3.2% yoy in April.
• At the April monetary policy meeting, the NBU again reduced the key policy rate from 14.5% to 13.5% per annum.
• Over the past four weeks, the hryvnia exchange rate has stabilized in the UAH 39-40 per USD range.
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
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how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
2. Political Economy and the City: Classic
Approaches
Economic: inherent
economic disparity and
unaligned goals of the
two dominant social class
affiliations—the
proletariat and the
bourgeoisie, or labor and
capital
Weber
Engels
Spatial: a “double tendency”
of capitalism—capitalism
tends to concentrate economy
and people to main focal
points.
Political and cultural:
Capitalism and
urbanism grow from
the interactions of
political powers. E.g.:
when merchants were
protected from the
economic control of
feudal lords,
businesses flourished.
3. Uneven development
Variation in spatial affluence
Capital shifts to where return greatest
Spatial consequences
regional
local – low income areas
Government intervention
Spatial – urban renewal
Economic – transfer programs
New policy approaches needed
War on Poverty an endless one
4. The revival of Urban Political Economy: Henri
Lefebvre.
Urban political economy
Urban form a reflection of capitalism
Circuits of capital
primary circuit - production
secondary circuit – real estate – “there is
usually money to be made in real estate”
Space is a component of social organization
people alter space to suit their needs
space then influences behavior
Space as social control
Governments dictate the uses of space
“Abstract space” vs. “social space”
5. Class Conflict Theories:
Gordon, Storper and Walker
• Gordon: businesses choose locations
based on where people are less likely to
unionize or fight for higher wages.
• Before Storper and Walker, market and
production costs were considered the
primary determinants.
• Storper and Walker (1983) proposed the
Labor Theory of Locations, which argues
that labor—qualifications and the risk of
unionization—is the principal
determinant for where businesses
locate themselves.
• Reductionist? Labor force but also
political, social, cultural and irrational
6. Capital Accumulation Theory
• Harvey (1976)
• systematically combined the ideas of the
researchers before him and made four assertions
about urban development:
• The city is a catalyst for the “double tendency” of
capitalism;
• The capitalist and labor classes are spilt into multiple
factions that vie for different advantages;
• Cities cannot simply develop on the basis of capitalism,
the capitalist class will occasionally need government
intervention to assist with the profit-making process;
• The second circuit of capital is essential to how a city
develops, not the first circuit.
7. The Growth Machine vs. the Socio-Spatial
Perspective
• Growth machine focuses attention on the role of elites
and entrepreneurs in creating the growth of a city.
• Growth and development are seen as necessary for
the economic health of the city.
• Creating the conditions for growth is a matter of
politics.
• The success of a city is a product of its competition
with other cities, not just in the marketplace, but in
the corridors of power. The local elite must attract
national government investments and to persuade the
national government to adopt policy which favors the
city. Maybe it can get a major airport or defense
contracting or Amazon!
• Success for the elites, of course, is not necessarily
success for the ordinary citizen.
8. The Growth Machine vs. the Socio-Spatial
Perspective
• The Socio-Spatial Perspective
• Linked outcome of economic, political and cultural
• Real estate is a “leading edge” of change in metro areas
• State is relatively autonomous: acts in its own interest: All politicians
have is local space: politics is immobile
• Culture is influential (more in later chapters)
• Takes a global view
The socio-spatial perspective in urbanism research addresses how built infrastructure and society interact. It
assumes that social space operates as both a product and a producer of changes in the metropolitan environment
9. Real estate investment as the leading edge of
growth
• The push of economic factors
• The pull of government and real estate
• Causes of place entrepreneurship
• One’s power as a governing official is local (one cannot transfer powers of
Mayor to another town)
• Real estate is unique (there is only one place in the universe with a specific
latitude and longitude)