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Nahw +10 day+wb+final

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Aasma Nawab

Bayyinah

Education
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Dream Worldwide 1 Three Kinds of Words in Arabic There are three kinds of words in Arabic: 1) Ism: The name of a person, place, thing, idea, adjective, adverb and more. 2) Fi’l: A word that has a tense (past, present or future) 3) Harf: A word that makes no sense unless another word comes after it. Write the alternative definitions for these words below: 1) Ism: 2) Fi’l: 3) Harf: Identify whether the words in the table below are isms, fi’ls or harfs. table cats in Dallas of loudly jumps peace tall from slept soundly on freedom red a Makkah mother at students rollercoaster cake typing house country America smiles
Dream Worldwide 2 Every ism has four properties. Write the four properties of the ism here (1) (2) (3) (4) Three Forms of Status (SUBJECT) Doer of the act: ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ / ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ع‬ Raf (R) (OBJECT) Detail of the act: ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ / ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ب‬ Nasb (N) (POSSESSIVE) Word after ‘of’: ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ / ‫ﻣ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ر‬ Jarr (J) Examples: A teacher entered the classroom. A student of his was sleeping soundly. The teacher threw a pencil. The teacher’s student woke up suddenly. R N R J N R N J R N
Dream Worldwide 3 Three forms of status. Place an R, N, or J over the highlighted words. 1) My teacher drinks chocolate milk regularly. 2) He doesn’t like vegetables or fruits. 3) He buys his chocolate milk happily. 4) He knows his children like it, but he doesn’t share. 5) My teacher also likes yummy shawarmas. 6) His students also like shawarmas. 7) He buys shawarmas for his class sometimes. 8) My teacher loses his phone often. 9) My teacher patiently explains hard concepts. 10) May Allah (swt) forgive my teachers.
Dream Worldwide 4 How To Tell Status ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ Raf’ Recognition: ◌ ُ (u) or◌ ٌ (un) ending for singular ‫ا‬ (aa) or ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ (aani) ending for pair ‫و‬ (oo) or ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ َ (oona) ending for plural ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ (aatu) or ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ٌ (aatun) ending for plural feminine ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ Nasb Recognition: ◌ َ (a) or ◌ ً (an) ending for singular ◌ َ ‫ي‬ ْ (ay) or ◌ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ (ayni) ending for pair ◌ ِ ‫ي‬ ْ (ee) or ◌ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ (eena) ending for plural ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ (aati) or ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ (aatin) ending for plural feminine ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ Jarr Recognition: ◌ ِ (i) or ◌ ٍ (in) ending for singular ◌ َ ‫ي‬ ْ (ay) or ◌ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ (ayni) ending for pair ◌ ِ ‫ي‬ ْ (ee) or ◌ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ (eena) ending for plural ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ (aati) or ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ (aatin) ending for plural feminine
Dream Worldwide 5 Write the status (raf, nasb or jarr) of the words below. Indicate if the status is determined by ending sound or ending combination. Word Status Sound/Combo? Word Status Sound/Combo? 1. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ ُ 2. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ َ 3. ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ٍ 4. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 5. ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٍ 6. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 7. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ َ 8. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 9. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺚ‬ َ 10. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ 11. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻄ‬ B ‫ﻴ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺐ‬ ِ 12. ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ً ‫ا‬ 13. ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 14. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ 15. ‫ﺛ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ث‬ َ 16. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ِ 17. ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ً 18. ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ 19. ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺌ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 20. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ٌ 21. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ o ِ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ 22. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺰ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 23. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 24. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ٍ 25. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 26. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ B ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 27. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ُّ ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻊ‬ ُ 28. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 29. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ o ِ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ 30. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ً 31. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 32. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ 33. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ 34. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ 35. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻐ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 36. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ
Dream Worldwide 6 Status Forms How to Tell Light v Heavy Flexibility MASCULINE Plural ‫ﺟ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ Pair ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B Singular ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫د‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ Raf ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ٍ Jarr ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ FEMININE Plural ‫ﺟ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ Pair ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B Singular ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫د‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٌ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ Raf ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ً Nasb ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٍ Jarr ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ BROKEN PLURAL Plural ‫ﺟ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ Pair ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B Singular ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫د‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫م‬ ٌ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ Raf ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫م‬ ٍ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ ٍ Jarr ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ
Dream Worldwide 7 Light vs. Heavy Normally an ‫ا‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ should be heavy. All the words in the Muslim chart are heavy. An ism is made light by removing the extra ‘n’ sound. Do this by: • Removing the double accent (tanween) OR • Remove the extra ‫ن‬ at the end of the ism. NOTE: ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ doesn’t like tanween, but an ism with ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ isn’t considered light. The Muslim chart in light form: Masculine Feminine ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ِ Identify whether the following words are light (L) or heavy (H) 1. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ْ 2. ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 3. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺺ‬ ٌ 4. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 5. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 6. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 7. ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ ً 8. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ َ 9. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 10. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻻ‬ ً 11. ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ب‬ ٍ 12. ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ُ 13. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ُ 14. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 15. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﻢ‬ َ 16. ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻖ‬ َ 17. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﺐ‬ َ 18. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ ً ‫ا‬ 19. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ِ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 20. ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺚ‬ ُ 21. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ َ ‫ة‬ ً 22. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 23. ‫ﻇ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ْ 24. ‫ﺛ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 25. ‫ذ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ
Dream Worldwide 8 There are only FOUR reasons for an ism to be light. Write them below as we learn them: 1) 2) 3) 4)
Dream Worldwide 9 Flexibility There are three categories of flexibility: 1) Fully flexible • Most isms are fully flexible. • Can be heavy or light. • Can show all statuses ( ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ , ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ , and ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ ) • Muslim chart on page 6 2) Non Flexible • Only have one form. • Looks the same in all statuses. • Some words that are non-flexible: o Words ending in alif eg: ‫د‬ ُ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ n َ o Single & Plural ism mowsool (listed below) ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ the ones who(m) ‫ا‬ ˜ B َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ * the two who(m) ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ي‬ ْ the one who(m) ‫ا‬ ‫ﻻ‬ B k ِ ْ / ‫ا‬ ‫ﻻ‬ B š ِ ْ the ones who(f) ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ B َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ * the two who(f) ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ْ the one who(f) *Partly Flexible ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ Whoever(m) ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Whatever(m/f) o The singular and the plural pointing words ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ , ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ , ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ , ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ , ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ , ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َٰ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 3) Partly Flexible • Cannot be heavy and cannot take a kasrah at the end. • Has two forms: one for ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ and one form for ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ and ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ
Dream Worldwide 10 Partly Flexible: A Closer Look Words that are partly flexible: • Proper names of places, whether Arab or not o Exception: names of places spelled with 3 letters Examples: How is it treated? Jarr Nasb Raf Arab place ( > 3 letters ) partly flexible ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ُ Non-Arab place ( > 3 letters ) partly flexible ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ُ Exception: place with only 3 letters, fully flexible ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ ٍ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ ٌ • Non-Arab Proper names: o Exception: non-Arab names spelled with 3 letters o Based on hadith, there are four Arab Prophets. The rest are non- Arabs. They are: (1) ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ٌ (2) ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺢ‬ ٌ (3) ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫د‬ ٌ (4) ‫ﺷ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ٌ Examples: How is it treated? Jarr Nasb Raf Arab name, fully flexible ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ً ‫ا‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ٌ Non-Arab name, partly flexible ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ Exception: Non-Arab name 3 letters, fully flexible ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ح‬ ٍ ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ح‬ ٌ Are the following words Fully(F), Partly(P), or Non-Flexible(N)? 1. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ n َ 2. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ 3. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻒ‬ 4. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ n َ 5. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺔ‬ 6. ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ 7. ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ط‬ 8. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ 9. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ 10. ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺐ‬ 11. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ 12. ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ 13. ‫د‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺲ‬ 14. ‫آ‬ ‫د‬ َ ‫م‬ 15. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ 16. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ 17. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ 18. ‫ا‬ ˜ ِ ّ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ى‬ 19. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻃ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫م‬ 20. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ 21. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ 22. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ 23. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ k َ 24. ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ 25. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ب‬ ّ 26. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻖ‬ 27. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ُّ ‫ﺟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ٰ 28. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ 29. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺐ‬ 30. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬
Dream Worldwide 11 Number 1) Normal masculine plural (Muslim chart) 2) Normal feminine plural (Muslim chart) 3) Human broken plural 4) Non-human broken plural 5) Plural by meaning (Eg: people ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ ٌ , generation ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ ٌ , nation ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫م‬ ٌ ) Broken Plurals BPs don’t have plural endings like those in the Muslim chart. Broken plurals have ending sounds. They can only be identified through vocabulary, otherwise they look singular. Human Broken Plurals: • BPs representing intelligent beings. eg: ‫ﻋ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺂ‬ ‫ء‬ ُ , ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻞ‬ ٌ , ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ • Treated as “she” or what they really are “they”. Non-Human Broken Plural • BPs representing non intelligent beings. Eg: ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﺐ‬ ٌ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ َ ‫ب‬ ٌ ALL non-human plurals (broken or not) are treated as a “she”. Word Meaning Treatment? Word Meaning Treatment? 1. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ the perpetual liars plural 9. ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٌ miraculous signs sing, fem 2. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ the mountains 10. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ٌ a person 3. ‫و‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ٌ faces 11. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ hellfire 4. ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ women 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ِ the elephant 5. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ُ seas 13. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ُ the earth 6. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ those who race/compete 14. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ ٌ deeds 7. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ the graves 15. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ the angels 8. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ clear proof 16. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ two men
Dream Worldwide 12 FEMININE BECAUSE THE ARABS SAID SO… During a ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ب‬ , a soldier was daydreaming looking up at the ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺂ‬ ‫ء‬ until the ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ came up. When he snapped out of it, he realized he was the only ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ left on the battlefield. He was surrounded by ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ so he used a ‫د‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ full of water to make a ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ and a ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻖ‬ all the way to safer ‫أ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ . In the hot blowing ‫ر‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺢ‬ he was desperately looking for a ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ ْ to draw water from. In his search, he found an empty ‫د‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ inside which he finds a ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫س‬ full of ‫ﺧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ . He is tempted despite his fear of ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﻢ‬ and ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻌ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ to take a sip but wards off his temptation and uses his ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to strike the drink.
Dream Worldwide 13 Gender Masculine • Default Feminine • Real Feminine eg: ‫أ‬ ُ ‫م‬ · (mother) ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٌ (cow) • Fake Feminine o ‫ة‬ ‫ى‬ ٰ ‫آ‬ ‫ء‬ (in some cases) o Non-Human Broken Plurals o Proper name of places o Body parts in pairs o Because the Arabs said so (pg. 12) Word Meaning How’s it treated? Word Meaning How’s it treated? ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ the perpetual liars plural, masc ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٌ miraculous signs sing, fem ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ the mountains ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ٌ a person ‫و‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ٌ faces ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ hellfire ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ women ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ِ the elephant ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ُ seas ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ُ the earth ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ those who race/compete ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ ٌ deeds ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ the graves ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ the angels ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ clear proof ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ َ ‫ى‬ ٰ the easiest ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻞ‬ ٌ messengers ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ٍ a fire ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ َ the one who asks ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ the believers
Dream Worldwide 14 Tell the Status, Number and Gender of the following words: Word Status/Number/Gender Word Status/Number/Gender 1. ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﺠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ J/S/F 17. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ً 2. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ُ R/S/F 18. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ َ 3. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 19. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ 4. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ 20. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 5. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 21. ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻖ‬ َ 6. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ ِ 22. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 7. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 23. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ٌ 8. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 24. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 9. ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ 25. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ٍ 10. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 26. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ ُ 11. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 27. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ُ 12. ‫ﺗ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ة‬ ً 28. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ُ 13. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 29. ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ o ِ ٍ 14. ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻻ‬ ً 30. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ٌ 15. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻹ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ُ 31. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ 16. ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ َ َ 32. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ َ
Dream Worldwide 15 Common vs. Proper Common • Default 7 Kinds of Proper 1) Words with ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ 2) Proper names 3) The one being called 4) Pronouns (page 18) 5) Ism Ishaarah (pointer words) eg: ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﺬ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻚ‬ َ (page 30) 6) Ism Mowsool eg: ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ي‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ 7) The word before “of” if the word after “of” is proper For example, in the following ayaat, the highlighted words are proper. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ¿ َ ٰ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ ُّ ‫ﺤ‬ ُ ‫ﻒ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B Indeed, this is in the former scriptures, (87:18) ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ n َ ٰ ‫و‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ‫ﺤ‬ ُ ‫ﻒ‬ ِ The scriptures of Abraham and Moses. (87:19) ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ · ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫و‬ َ And you, [Muhammad], are free of restriction in this city (90:2) ‫و‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻘ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ُ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ And the messenger of Allah [Salih] said to them, "[Do not harm] the she-camel of Allah or [prevent her from] her drink." (91:13) ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ َ ‫ﻛ‬ B ٰ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Æ َ ُ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ْ ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ي‬ ْ [He] who gives [from] his wealth to purify himself (92:18)
Dream Worldwide 16 Indicate whether the words are common(C) or proper(P). Word C/P Reason Word C/P Reason 1. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 1. ‫آ‬ ‫د‬ َ ‫م‬ ُ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 2. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 2. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ َ 3. ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 3. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺿ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 4. ! ‫و‬ َ o َ ُ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 4. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ 5. ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ي‬ ْ 5. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ﺿ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 6. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 6. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ ِ 7. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ل‬ ُ the messenger of Allah 7. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ٍ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ط‬ َ a scourge of punishment 8. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ َ 8. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 9. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻗ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 9. ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ 10. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ً ‫ا‬ 10. ‫ا‬ É ْ َ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ 11. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 11. ‫ا‬ ˜ ِ ّ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ى‬ ٰ 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ُ the fire of Allah 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ُ the people of the right 13. ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ُ 13. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 14. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 14. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٍ 15. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ٌ 15. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ n َ 16. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻊ‬ َ the rising of the sun 16. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٍ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ ُّ freeing of a slave 17. ‫و‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ٌ 17. ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 18. ‫ﻏ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫م‬ ٍ 18. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﻌ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ِ
Dream Worldwide 17 Write the four properties of each of the words (Status/Number/Gender/Type) Word S/N/G/T Word S/N/G/T Word S/N/G/T 1. ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 2. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 3. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ 4. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 5. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ 6. ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ 7. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 8. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ً 9. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫م‬ ٍّ 10. ‫ذ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ْ 11. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ n َ ٰ 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ِ 13. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ُ 14. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ ِ 15. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ 16. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 17. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 18. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ٍ 19. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 20. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ٍ 21. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ َ 22. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ َ 23. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 24. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 25. ‫د‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺲ‬ َ 26. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ ْ ِ ‫ب‬ َ 27. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ِ 28. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ن‬ ِ 29. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ِ 30. ‫و‬ َ o َ ً ‫ا‬ 31. ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ً 32. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 33. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ 34. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 35. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 36. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 37. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 38. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ج‬ ٌ 39. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻒ‬ ُ 40. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ َ 41. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُْ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ٰ 42. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ 43. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ِّ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺢ‬ ُ 44. ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫آ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 45. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ َ 46. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 47. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﺺ‬ ِ 48. ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ٌ 49. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ق‬ ِ 50. ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ 51. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ُ 52. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 53. ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ٍ 54. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ظ‬ ٍ 55. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺠ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ 56. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ 57. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ ُ ‫و‬ ¿ ٰ
Dream Worldwide 18 Pronouns Raf “They” ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ Raf “Both of them” ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Raf “He” ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ 3 rd Person Pronouns Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ or ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ or ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ه‬ ِ or ‫ه‬ ُ Raf “They (f)” ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B Raf “Both of them (f)” ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Raf “She” ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B or ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ or ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Raf “You (m. pl)” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ Raf “both of you” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Raf “You(m.s)” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ 2 nd Person Pronouns Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ك‬ َ Raf “You (f.pl)” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B Raf “both of you (f)” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Raf “You(f)” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ِ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ك‬ ِ Raf “We” ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ Raf “I” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 1 st Person Pronouns Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ kِ ْ nasb / ‫ي‬ ْ jarr (both are attached)
Dream Worldwide 19 Write your pronoun notes here: 1) An independent pronoun is always in the __________ status 2) An attached pronoun is nasb in two cases: i. ii. 3) An attached pronoun is jarr in two cases: i. ii.
Dream Worldwide 20 Pronoun Practice: Give the 4 properties of the pronouns below, and translate the pronoun. Some examples have been done for you. 1. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ R/S/M/P he/it 2. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ 3. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 4. ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ N/S/F/P her/it 5. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 6. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B 7. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 8. ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B 9. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ 10. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ْ 11. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 12. ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ُ 13. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 14. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 15. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B 16. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 17. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ُ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 18. ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ 19. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ 20. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B 21. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ُّ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 22. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 23. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ 24. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ ِ 25. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ 26. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 27. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 28. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ 29. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻚ‬ ِ 30. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬
Dream Worldwide 21 Primary Rules for the Idhafah ( ‫ا‬ ‫ﻹ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺿ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ) 1. The ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ (word before “of”) should be: a. Light b. No alif-laam ( ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ) 2. The ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ (word after “of”) should be a. In ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ status 3. No long distance relationship 4. The last property of the ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ , type, is dictated by the ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ 5. Both the ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ and the ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ should be isms. Basic Kinds of Idhafah 1. “of” translation eg: Imam of the masjid ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫م‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ 2. Pronoun attached to an ism eg: His house ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ 3. Special Mudhafs eg: Under the earth ‫ﺗ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ِ
Dream Worldwide 22 Special Mudhafs (usually doesn’t give an “of” meaning) Special Mudhafs below are by default nasb status besides, other than ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ below ‫ﺗ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ above ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ق‬ َ between ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ after ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ before ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ َ around, surrounding ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ َ with ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ with, at, has, by/beside ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ especially from o َ ُ ‫ن‬ ْ behind ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ َ in front of ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫م‬ َ behind, beyond ‫و‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫آ‬ ‫ء‬ َ right in front of ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ B ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ َ Special mudhafs below can be raf/nasb/jar status which, any ‫أ‬ َ ‫ي‬ ُّ other than ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ُ each, all, every, the whole ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ُّ some, some of ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺾ‬ ُ
Dream Worldwide 23 Idhafah Practice: Tell whether each instance is an idhafah or not 1. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ ‫ﻞ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ َ 2. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ً ‫ا‬ 3. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 4. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ 5. ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 6. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺗ‬ B َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ 7. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ ً ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 8. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ِ ّ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ ٍ 9. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫د‬ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 10. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺚ‬ ِ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 11. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 12. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺜ‬ َ َ n َ ْ ‫ء‬ ٍ 13. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺷ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ٍ 14. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ ً 15. ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 16. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ َ 17. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫م‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺞ‬ ِ ّ 18. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ ِ 19. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ 20. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ 21. ‫و‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ٌ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 22. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ب‬ ُّ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 23. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 24. ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ٍ 25. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻆ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 26. ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ٍ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ِ ّ ٍ 27. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ؤ‬ ُ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 28. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬ ُ 29. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ٍ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ٍ 30. ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 31. ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 32. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ب‬ َ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 33. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ B ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 34. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ 35. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ِ 36. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ي‬ ُّ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺰ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 37. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ B ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ٍ 38. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُّ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 39. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ة‬ ِ 40. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ب‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ِ 41. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ٌ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ 42. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 43. ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ض‬ ِ 44. ‫ز‬ ُ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ 45. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ 46. ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ِ 47. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ِ ّ n َ ْ ‫ء‬ ٍ 48. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 49. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ Æ ِ ِ 50. ‫ﺛ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ث‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٍ 51. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ 52. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ 53. ‫و‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ B ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ة‬ َ 54. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ 55. ‫و‬ ُ ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ُ 56. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ر‬ َ ë ِ ّ ْ 57. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 58. ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ 59. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ 60. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 61. ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫م‬ ٍ 62. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ ٍ 63. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 64. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫د‬ ِ ‫ي‬ ْ 65. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫د‬ َ ‫و‬ ْ ‫س‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫ﻻ‬ ً 66. ‫ﺠ‬ َ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ 67. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ 68. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ ً ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 69. ‫ﺟ‬ َ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ً 70. ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫م‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 71. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 72. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ ِ
Dream Worldwide 24 Idhafah with pronouns. Fill in the blanks with the pronouns 1. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________selves 2. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ rebellion 3. ‫ز‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ___________ glitter 4. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ___________ command 5. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ nation 6. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ___________ family/people/dwellers 7. ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫د‬ َ ‫ه‬ ُ ___________ boundaries 8. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ place 9. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﺜ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ With ___________ example/likeness 10. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻸ‬ ِ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ Then for ___________ mother 11. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B ___________ family 12. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B One of ___________ 13. ‫ﺷ‬ ُ َ ï َ ‫ﺂ‬ ‫ؤ‬ ُ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ associates 14. ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B ___________ marriage gifts 15. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ِ ْ ___________ action/work 16. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ___________ lord
Dream Worldwide 25 Special Mudhaf Practice. Fill in the blanks with the correct meanings 1. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻖ‬ ِ ّ ______________ the right justification 2. ‫و‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫آ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ all of you 3. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ them 4. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ق‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺛ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ______________ two women 5. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ them 6. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻀ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ you all 7. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ______________ us 8. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ُّ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ them 9. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ______________ two sisters. 10. ‫و‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫آ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ that for all of you 11. o َ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ______________ behalf 12. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ ______________ the obligation 13. ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ______________ that 14. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ك‬ َ ______________ have 15. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ______________ her/it 16. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ِ ______________ the tree. 17. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ______________ both of them.
Dream Worldwide 26 Primary Rules for Mowsoof + Sifah 1. Mowsoof ( ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ف‬ ) must be a. First b. Only one 2. Sifah ( ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ) a. Has the same 4 properties as the Mowsoof b. Is after the Mowsoof c. May be more than one d. Can tolerate a long distance relationship Note: • The mowsoof is never a pronoun, pointer word, or ism mowsool • The sifah is never a proper name, pronoun, or pointer word. • Look out for non human plurals and their feminine sifahs. For example: ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ B ‫ﻐ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ة‬ ُ the small books ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ beautiful bags Examples of Mowsoof Sifah. Write the 4 properties of the highlighted words based on how they are treated. a heavy word ‫ﺛ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ ً ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻻ‬ ً the greatest calamity ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ َ ‫ى‬ ٰ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻄ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ُ purified scriptures ‫ﻣ‬ ُّ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ً ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ‫ﺤ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ a great test from your Lord ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻈ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ٌ elevated beds ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ُ ‫ر‬ ٌ like eaten straw ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ٍ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ ٍ ‫ﻛ‬ َ the great attainment ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ز‬ ُ an intensely hot fire ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ٌ for two orphan boys ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻐ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ abundant gains ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ة‬ ٌ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ
Dream Worldwide 27 Primary Rules for Harf of Jarr 1. The harf of jarr makes its ism jarr. 2. No long distance relationship. 3. There are 17 harf of jarr. We will learn 11 that are in the Quran. 4. The harf of jarr is called the ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ّ and the ism it makes jarr is the ‫ﻣ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ر‬ for/have (pronoun ‫ل‬ َ all else ‫ل‬ ِ ) ‫ل‬ like (comparison) ‫ك‬ َ swear by Allah only ‫ت‬ َ with ‫ب‬ ِ about/away from ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ in/about ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ from/because of (not ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ) ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ oath (Not the ‫و‬ َ for “and”) ‫و‬ َ to/towards ‫إ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ until (2) ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B on/upon/against ‫ﻟ‬ َ َ Additional notes: • When attached to a pronoun, the ‫ل‬ is pronounced ‫ل‬ َ otherwise it is ‫ل‬ ِ . For example: ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ vs. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ٍ • Don’t confuse the harf of jarr lam with the lam for emphasis. The lam for emphasis does not make isms jarr. For example: ‫ﺠ‬ َ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ – Most certainly, I swear to it, we. ‫ﺠ‬ َ َ ‫ﺎ‬ – For us (harf of jarr). • Don’t confuse the ‫و‬ َ harf of jarr (for oaths only) with the connector ‫و‬ َ which means “and” • When ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ and ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ are attached to ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ they are written as ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ and ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ . • When attached to a pronoun, ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ and ‫ﻟ‬ َ َ are pronounced with a ‫ي‬ ْ . For example: ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ or ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ Identify if the following are harf of jarr fragments 1. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻖ‬ ِ ّ 2. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ٍ 3. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 4. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ِ ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ٍ 5. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ِ ّ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺰ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٍ 6. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ف‬ ٍ 7. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 8. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫د‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 9. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ ُّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ B ‫د‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٍ 10. ‫ﻟ‬ َ َٰ ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫م‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 11. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ِ ّ 12. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ِ 13. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ِ 14. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 15. ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B ٰ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ 16. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﻰ‬ ٰ
Dream Worldwide 28 Primary Rules for Harf of Nasb 1. The harf of nasb makes its ism nasb. 2. Can tolerate a long distance relationship. however ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B certainly, for sure ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B so that, hopefully, maybe ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ B that ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B alas (express regret) É َ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ َas though, as if ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B because ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B Note: The nasb form of the pronoun ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ is k ِ ْ and the nasb form of ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ is ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ . When attached to a harf of nasb, these pronouns can be written fully, or the ‫ن‬ can be dropped. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ or ‫إ‬ ِ k ِ ّ and ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ or ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ . For example: ‫ﺎ‬ ‫آ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ B ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ Those who say, "Our Lord, indeed we have believed…." (3:16) ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺰ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ه‬ ُ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B Indeed, We sent it down during the Night of Decree. (97:1) ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُّ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫إ‬ ِ k ِ ّ ْ Indeed, I am your Lord (20:12) ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻻ‬ B ‫إ‬ ِ Æ ََٰ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B Indeed, I am Allah. There is no deity except Me (20:14) Determine if the following contains a harf of nasb fragment. 1. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ً ‫ا‬ 2. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ 3. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 4. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 5. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﻊ‬ ٌ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 6. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﻋ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ 7. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 8. ‫ﻋ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ B ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 9. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻻ‬ B ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 10. Æ َ ُ ‫و‬ َ É ِ ü ‫ﺎ‬ 11. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ B ‫ق‬ َ 12. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ B ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ 13. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 14. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ا‬ ‫ﻹ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ َ 15. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ َ 16. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ٌ ‫ﻣ‬ ُّ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٌ 17. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ ِ 18. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Æ َ ُ 19. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ 20. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ً ‫ا‬
Dream Worldwide 29 Harf of Jarr: Examples from the Quran With the believers (with, because of, by, at, in, etc) ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ب‬ ِ They said, “By Allah!” ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ت‬ َ Like eaten straw ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ٍ ‫ك‬ َ And for you(pl). ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ (I swear) By the fleeting passage of time! ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ِ ‫و‬ َ From amongst yourselves. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ In just retribution there is life ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ص‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ة‬ ٌ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ They ask you regarding the spoils of war ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ And upon Allah the believers should place their trust. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ! B ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ َ Until the rise of dawn(1). ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B Until a time(2). ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ٍ ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B It (the Quran) guides towards what is right. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ي‬ ْ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ُّ ‫ﺷ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ Harf of Nasb: Examples from the Quran Certainly Allah is ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B That they are/ that certainly they are ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B As though there is a deafness in his ear (literally barrier) ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ذ‬ ُ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ً ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B That is because they said…. ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B Woe is me! I only I didn’t take so-and-so for a friend. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ k َ ٰ É َ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ B ِ ‫ﺬ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ ً É َ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ On the contrary, righteousness is ‫ﻟ‬ َٰ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ B ‫ﻟ‬ َٰ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B So that you may be grateful. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ B
Dream Worldwide 30 Pointing Words ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻹ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ة‬ ِ Near ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻵ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ Masculine ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻵ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ or ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻵ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ Feminine ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻵ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ or ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ Far ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ Masculine ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ or ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ Feminine ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ or ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬
Dream Worldwide 31 Using pointers: 1. To make a fragment: a. The pointer must be followed immediately by ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ b. 4 properties of the pointer ( ‫ا‬ ‫ﻹ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ة‬ ِ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ) and “pointed at” ( ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ٌ ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ ) must match 2. To make a sentence: a. Pointer should not have ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ after it ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ب‬ B ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ِ fragment this house ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ة‬ ِ ‫ا‬ o ُّ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ fragment in this worldly/lowest life ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫آ‬ ‫ن‬ ُ fragment this Quran ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫د‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ sentence Those are the boundaries of Allah. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ِ sentence Those are the companions of the fire ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ sentence This is the she-camel of Allah Determine if the following are sentences or fragments 1. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺚ‬ ِ 2. ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ِ 3. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫م‬ ِ 4. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ِ ْ 5. ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ع‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ة‬ ِ ‫ا‬ o ُّ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 6. ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ا‬ o B ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻵ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ُ 7. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﺷ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ؤ‬ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 8. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ 9. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 10. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ُّ 11. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ َ ë ِ ّ ْ 12. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫آ‬ ‫ن‬ َ 13. ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫آ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ 14. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ · ‫ﻟ‬ B ‫ﻚ‬ َ 15. ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ِ 16. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ َ 17. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ك‬ َ 18. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ
Dream Worldwide 32 Jumlah Ismiyyah ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ Finding the Invisible IS: 1) Independent pronouns are usually followed by “IS” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ I am a Muslim. 2) Pointer word followed by other than ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ . ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ٌ This is a house 3) Harf of nasb and its ism is usually followed by “IS” ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ِّ n َ ْ ‫ء‬ ٍ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ٌ Indeed, Allah is… 4) Proper followed by common ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ة‬ ٌ The books are small. 5) A break in the chain ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ B ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫ا‬ o B ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ِ The man is in the house. Additional examples from the Quran: ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ة‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ج‬ َ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ج‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻖ‬ ُّ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ B ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﻪ‬ ٌ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ٌ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ً ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ n َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﻊ‬ ٌ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُّ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُّ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ِ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫د‬ ُ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٌ
Dream Worldwide 33 ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫و‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُّ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻂ‬ ٌ Past Tense ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ & ِ ْ Plural Pair Singular They helped. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ They(2) helped. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ He helped ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ Masculine 3rd person ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ They(f) helped. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B They (2f) helped ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ She helped. ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ Feminine 3rd person ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ت‬ ْ You all helped. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ You (2) helped. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ You helped. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ Masculine 2nd person ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ت‬ َ You all(f) helped ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B You (2f) helped ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ You helped(f). ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ِ Feminine 2nd person ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ت‬ ِ we helped. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ I helped. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 1st Person ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ت‬ ُ
Dream Worldwide 34 What is the pronoun behind each past tense? 1. ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 2. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ﺿ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ 3. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ 4. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 5. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ É B ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 6. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 7. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ﺷ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ 8. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫و‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ B ‫ت‬ ْ 9. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 10. ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻵ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ َ ‫ا‬ o ُّ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ َ 11. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ُ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﻖ‬ B 13. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 14. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ 15. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻳ‬ B ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ َ B ‫أ‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ذ‬ ْ 16. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 17. ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﺗ‬ B َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ت‬ ْ 18. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ B ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 19. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺈ‬ ِ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ 20. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 21. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ 22. ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ َ 23. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ 24. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ْ ‫د‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫إ‬ ِ kِ ّ ْ 25. ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B 26. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫د‬ ْ ‫ت‬ ُ
Dream Worldwide 35 27. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ َ 28. ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ B ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B Attaching Pronouns to Fi’ls Recall that pronouns attached to fi’ls are nasb because they are details. To translate fi’ls with attached pronouns. Eg: ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ِ ْ 1) Identify and ignore the attached pronoun: k ِ ْ is the attached pronoun. 2) Translate the fi’l by itself: ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ means “he helped”. 3) Translate the attached pronoun by itself: k ِ ْ means “me” 4) Put it all together: ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ِ ْ “He helped me” Examples: He helped ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ He helped her ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ I helped ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ت‬ ُ I helped him ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ ُ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ She helped ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ت‬ ْ She helped me ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ﺗ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ We taught ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ We taught all of you(f) ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B Both of you taught ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Both of you taught both of them ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ All of you taught ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ All of you taught us ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ They said ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ They said it ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ُ Circle the attached pronoun: 1. ‫ا‬ِ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ ُ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 2. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 3. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 4. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 5. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 6. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 7. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 8. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 9. ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ 10. ‫آ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B 11. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ 12. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ï ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ
Dream Worldwide 36 Translate based on the English clues 1. ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ (to destroy) 2. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ (to come) 3. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ز‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ (to become heavy) 4. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ (to settle someone/something) 5. ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ (to forbid) 6. ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ (to put in error) 7. ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ َ (to follow) 8. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ُ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫س‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ (to whisper evil suggestions) 9. ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫و‬ َ (to swear to someone) 10. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ (to taste) 11. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻇ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ (to wrong) 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ج‬ َ (to expel) 13. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ً ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ َ +ِ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ (to do) 14. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻂ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ë ِ ّ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ (to command) 15. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ز‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ B ‫م‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ (to make illegal/forbid) 16. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ (to come) 17. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺂ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ B ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ (To be arrogant) (to deny)
Dream Worldwide 37 Fill in the blanks with the appropriate pronouns. 1. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ created ___________. 2. ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ __________ came to __________. 3. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ B ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _________ provided comforts for ____________. 4. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _________ made ____________. 5. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ and ___________ came to ___________. 6. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Then __________ made ___________. 7. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ُ __________ understood ____________. 8. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Then ___________ slaughtered _____________. 9. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ touched _____________. 10. ‫آ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ gave _____________. 11. ‫ﻇ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ __________ wronged ____________. 12. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ seized _____________. 13. ‫ﻧ‬ َ B ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ __________ rescued ____________. 14. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻀ‬ B ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _________ favored ______________. 15. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ __________ expelled __________________. 16. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ___________ taught ____________. 17. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺿ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ brought before _____________. 18. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _____________ raised ______________.
Dream Worldwide 38 19. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ____________ forced _____________. 20. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ____________ hamstrung _____________. 21. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ____________ warned _________________. 22. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺰ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ه‬ ُ ___________ sent ___________ down. 23. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _____________ obey _____________. 24. ‫أ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ َ ‫ه‬ ُ ____________ made ____________ immortal. 25. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _____________ made ________________. 26. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ك‬ َ ____________ gave ______________. 27. ‫آ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B ___________ gave _______________. 28. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B ____________ hated ________________. 29. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ killed ________________. 30. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ï ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ __________ helped ____________. 31. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ B ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ __________ accepted ____________. 32. ‫و‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ and ___________ caused __________ to grow. 33. ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ك‬ ِ ___________ purified ___________. 34. ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ __________ came to ____________. 35. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ B ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ك‬ َ ___________ lied against _____________.
Dream Worldwide 39 Present Tense ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ِ ‫ع‬ ُ Plural Pair Singular They help. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ They (2) help. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ He helps. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ Masculine 3rd person ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ They(f) help. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B They (2f) help ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ She helps. ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ Feminine 3rd person ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ You all help. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ You (2) help. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ You help. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ Masculine 2nd person ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ You all(f) help ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B You (2f) help ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ You help(f). ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ِ Feminine 2nd person ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ We help. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ I help. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 1st Person ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ
Dream Worldwide 40 Present Tense Tips Remember a present tense will start with a ‫ن‬ َ ‫ن‬ ُ ‫أ‬ َ ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ت‬ َ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ي‬ َ ‫ي‬ ُ . Below are the present tense tips, along with two example words and translation. he teaches ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ he helps ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫ي‬ َ / ‫ي‬ ُ = ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ they(2,m) teach ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ they(2,m) help ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ (m) ‫ي‬ َ / ‫ي‬ ُ + ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ = ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ they(pl,m) teach ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ they(pl,m) help ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ي‬ َ / ‫ي‬ ُ + ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ = ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ they(pl,f) teach ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ they(pl,f) help ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ن‬ َ = ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B ْ ‫ي‬ َ / ‫ي‬ ُ + she teaches ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ she helps ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ or ‫ت‬ َ / ‫ت‬ ُ = ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ you(m,s) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ you(m,s) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ they(2,f) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ they(2,f) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ or (f) ‫ت‬ َ / ‫ت‬ ُ + ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ = ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ you(2) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ you(2) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ you(pl,m) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ you(pl,m) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ت‬ َ / ‫ت‬ ُ + ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ = ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ you(f,s) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ you(f,s) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ت‬ َ / ‫ت‬ ُ + ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ = ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ِ you(pl,f) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ you(pl,f) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B ‫ن‬ َ = ْ ‫ت‬ َ / ‫ت‬ ُ + I teach ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ I help ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫أ‬ َ / ‫أ‬ ُ = ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ we teach ‫ﻏ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ we help ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫ن‬ َ / ‫ن‬ ُ = ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ
Dream Worldwide 41 Translate based on the English clues 1. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ ً to remember 2. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻈ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺂ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to wrong/do injustice 3. ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to live and to die 4. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ï B ‫ﺄ‬ ُ to lean 5. ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ُ ‫ﻓ‬ َ to say 6. ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻪ‬ ُ to take a reminder 7. ‫ﻧ‬ َ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ ُ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to fear 8. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ to want 9. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ to put together 10. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺸ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ to walk 11. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ to say 12. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ to know 13. ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺌ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻻ‬ َ to create 14. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻵ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﻏ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ to explain 15. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ َ ‫ﺑ‬ B ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ to wait 16. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ to teach 17. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ to learn
Dream Worldwide 42 Present tense and pronouns. Translate based on the English cues 1. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to commit 2. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ fight 3. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ِ ‫ﻈ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to advise 4. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﻚ‬ َ to impress 5. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ ‫ﺬ‬ ُ ‫ه‬ ُ to take 6. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﻐ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to want 7. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ask 8. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫ك‬ َ to criticize 9. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ِ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ه‬ ُ converse with 10. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to carry 11. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ to help 12. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to know 13. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ B ‫ﺨ‬ ِ ‫ﺬ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ to take 14. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to afflict 15. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﺬ‬ ُ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to hold accountable 16. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ذ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻚ‬ َ to seek permission from 17. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺸ‬ ُ ُ ‫ه‬ ُ to gather 18. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to place in 19. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ to sadden 20. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﻄ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ obey 21. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻚ‬ َ to teach 22. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ ï ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُّ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ reach 23. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B to eat 24. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻚ‬ َ to ask 25. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺌ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to inform 26. ‫ﺗ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ذ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ to harm 27. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ ِ ّ ُ ‫ك‬ ِ to give good news 28. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to warn 29. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ّ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to warn 30. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to cause to die 31. ‫ﺗ‬ ُ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺛ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to inform 32. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to afflict 33. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻀ‬ ُ ُّ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to harm 34. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to command 35. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ُّ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to love 36. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ to distort 37. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to spend 38. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺟ‬ ُّ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ argue
Dream Worldwide 43 Inside Doer vs. Outside Doer If the doer of the fi’l is a pronoun, then it is an inside doer. Eg: I wrote. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ُ If the doer is NOT a pronoun, it is an outside doer. Muhammed wrote. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ٌ Rules for the Outside Doer: The outside doer must be: • After the ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ (doesn’t have to be directly after) • In ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ status The ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ should be in the ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ or ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ form ONLY. Examples: A Muslim said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ A Muslim woman said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ Two Muslims said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ Two Muslim women said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ Muslims said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ Muslims(f) said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٌ What is the doer ( ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ ), if any, in the following sentences? The fi’l is highlighted. 1. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ج‬ ُ 2. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ ‫د‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ َ ‫و‬ َ 3. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ُّ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ُ 4. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺺ‬ ُّ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ 5. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ n َ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ 6. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ 7. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُّ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ 8. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ ï ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ 9. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ 10. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 11. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُّ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ َ 12. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 13. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻈ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 14. ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ ْ ‫ﺢ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ 15. ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ّ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 16. ‫ﺳ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ط‬ َ 17. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ k ِ ْ 18. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 19. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 20. ‫ر‬ َ ë ِ ّ ْ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ 21. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺿ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ B 22. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 23. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ٰ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫ه‬ ُ 24. ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ٌ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ
Dream Worldwide 44 Making Present Tense Light ( ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ب‬ ) To make the present tense light: 1) The ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B and ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B versions do not change. 2) If the present tense ends in a ◌ ُ then change the ◌ ُ to a ◌ َ . 3) If the present tense ends in a ‫ن‬ then remove the ‫ن‬. Light Present Tense Chart ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ِ ‫ي‬ ْ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ
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Nahw +10 day+wb+final

  • 1. Dream Worldwide 1 Three Kinds of Words in Arabic There are three kinds of words in Arabic: 1) Ism: The name of a person, place, thing, idea, adjective, adverb and more. 2) Fi’l: A word that has a tense (past, present or future) 3) Harf: A word that makes no sense unless another word comes after it. Write the alternative definitions for these words below: 1) Ism: 2) Fi’l: 3) Harf: Identify whether the words in the table below are isms, fi’ls or harfs. table cats in Dallas of loudly jumps peace tall from slept soundly on freedom red a Makkah mother at students rollercoaster cake typing house country America smiles
  • 2. Dream Worldwide 2 Every ism has four properties. Write the four properties of the ism here (1) (2) (3) (4) Three Forms of Status (SUBJECT) Doer of the act: ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ / ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ع‬ Raf (R) (OBJECT) Detail of the act: ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ / ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ب‬ Nasb (N) (POSSESSIVE) Word after ‘of’: ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ / ‫ﻣ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ر‬ Jarr (J) Examples: A teacher entered the classroom. A student of his was sleeping soundly. The teacher threw a pencil. The teacher’s student woke up suddenly. R N R J N R N J R N
  • 3. Dream Worldwide 3 Three forms of status. Place an R, N, or J over the highlighted words. 1) My teacher drinks chocolate milk regularly. 2) He doesn’t like vegetables or fruits. 3) He buys his chocolate milk happily. 4) He knows his children like it, but he doesn’t share. 5) My teacher also likes yummy shawarmas. 6) His students also like shawarmas. 7) He buys shawarmas for his class sometimes. 8) My teacher loses his phone often. 9) My teacher patiently explains hard concepts. 10) May Allah (swt) forgive my teachers.
  • 4. Dream Worldwide 4 How To Tell Status ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ Raf’ Recognition: ◌ ُ (u) or◌ ٌ (un) ending for singular ‫ا‬ (aa) or ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ (aani) ending for pair ‫و‬ (oo) or ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ َ (oona) ending for plural ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ (aatu) or ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ٌ (aatun) ending for plural feminine ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ Nasb Recognition: ◌ َ (a) or ◌ ً (an) ending for singular ◌ َ ‫ي‬ ْ (ay) or ◌ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ (ayni) ending for pair ◌ ِ ‫ي‬ ْ (ee) or ◌ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ (eena) ending for plural ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ (aati) or ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ (aatin) ending for plural feminine ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ Jarr Recognition: ◌ ِ (i) or ◌ ٍ (in) ending for singular ◌ َ ‫ي‬ ْ (ay) or ◌ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ (ayni) ending for pair ◌ ِ ‫ي‬ ْ (ee) or ◌ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ (eena) ending for plural ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ (aati) or ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ (aatin) ending for plural feminine
  • 5. Dream Worldwide 5 Write the status (raf, nasb or jarr) of the words below. Indicate if the status is determined by ending sound or ending combination. Word Status Sound/Combo? Word Status Sound/Combo? 1. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ ُ 2. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ َ 3. ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ٍ 4. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 5. ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٍ 6. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 7. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ َ 8. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 9. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺚ‬ َ 10. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ 11. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻄ‬ B ‫ﻴ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺐ‬ ِ 12. ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ً ‫ا‬ 13. ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 14. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ 15. ‫ﺛ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ث‬ َ 16. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ِ 17. ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ً 18. ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ 19. ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺌ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 20. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ٌ 21. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ o ِ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ 22. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺰ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 23. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 24. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ٍ 25. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 26. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ B ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 27. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ُّ ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻊ‬ ُ 28. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 29. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ o ِ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ 30. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ً 31. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 32. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ 33. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ 34. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ 35. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻐ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 36. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ
  • 6. Dream Worldwide 6 Status Forms How to Tell Light v Heavy Flexibility MASCULINE Plural ‫ﺟ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ Pair ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B Singular ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫د‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ Raf ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ٍ Jarr ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ FEMININE Plural ‫ﺟ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ Pair ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B Singular ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫د‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٌ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ Raf ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ً Nasb ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٍ Jarr ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ BROKEN PLURAL Plural ‫ﺟ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ Pair ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B Singular ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫د‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫م‬ ٌ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ Raf ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫م‬ ٍ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ ٍ Jarr ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ
  • 7. Dream Worldwide 7 Light vs. Heavy Normally an ‫ا‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ should be heavy. All the words in the Muslim chart are heavy. An ism is made light by removing the extra ‘n’ sound. Do this by: • Removing the double accent (tanween) OR • Remove the extra ‫ن‬ at the end of the ism. NOTE: ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ doesn’t like tanween, but an ism with ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ isn’t considered light. The Muslim chart in light form: Masculine Feminine ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ِ Identify whether the following words are light (L) or heavy (H) 1. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ْ 2. ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 3. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺺ‬ ٌ 4. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 5. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 6. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 7. ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ ً 8. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ َ 9. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 10. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻻ‬ ً 11. ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ب‬ ٍ 12. ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ُ 13. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ُ 14. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 15. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﻢ‬ َ 16. ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻖ‬ َ 17. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﺐ‬ َ 18. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ ً ‫ا‬ 19. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ِ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 20. ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺚ‬ ُ 21. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ َ ‫ة‬ ً 22. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 23. ‫ﻇ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ْ 24. ‫ﺛ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 25. ‫ذ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ
  • 8. Dream Worldwide 8 There are only FOUR reasons for an ism to be light. Write them below as we learn them: 1) 2) 3) 4)
  • 9. Dream Worldwide 9 Flexibility There are three categories of flexibility: 1) Fully flexible • Most isms are fully flexible. • Can be heavy or light. • Can show all statuses ( ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ , ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ , and ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ ) • Muslim chart on page 6 2) Non Flexible • Only have one form. • Looks the same in all statuses. • Some words that are non-flexible: o Words ending in alif eg: ‫د‬ ُ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ n َ o Single & Plural ism mowsool (listed below) ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ the ones who(m) ‫ا‬ ˜ B َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ * the two who(m) ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ي‬ ْ the one who(m) ‫ا‬ ‫ﻻ‬ B k ِ ْ / ‫ا‬ ‫ﻻ‬ B š ِ ْ the ones who(f) ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ B َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ * the two who(f) ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ْ the one who(f) *Partly Flexible ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ Whoever(m) ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Whatever(m/f) o The singular and the plural pointing words ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ , ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ , ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ , ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ , ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ , ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َٰ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 3) Partly Flexible • Cannot be heavy and cannot take a kasrah at the end. • Has two forms: one for ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ and one form for ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ and ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ
  • 10. Dream Worldwide 10 Partly Flexible: A Closer Look Words that are partly flexible: • Proper names of places, whether Arab or not o Exception: names of places spelled with 3 letters Examples: How is it treated? Jarr Nasb Raf Arab place ( > 3 letters ) partly flexible ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ُ Non-Arab place ( > 3 letters ) partly flexible ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ُ Exception: place with only 3 letters, fully flexible ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ ٍ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ ٌ • Non-Arab Proper names: o Exception: non-Arab names spelled with 3 letters o Based on hadith, there are four Arab Prophets. The rest are non- Arabs. They are: (1) ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ٌ (2) ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺢ‬ ٌ (3) ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫د‬ ٌ (4) ‫ﺷ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ٌ Examples: How is it treated? Jarr Nasb Raf Arab name, fully flexible ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ً ‫ا‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ٌ Non-Arab name, partly flexible ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ Exception: Non-Arab name 3 letters, fully flexible ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ح‬ ٍ ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ح‬ ٌ Are the following words Fully(F), Partly(P), or Non-Flexible(N)? 1. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ n َ 2. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ 3. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻒ‬ 4. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ n َ 5. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺔ‬ 6. ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ 7. ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ط‬ 8. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ 9. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ 10. ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺐ‬ 11. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ 12. ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ 13. ‫د‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺲ‬ 14. ‫آ‬ ‫د‬ َ ‫م‬ 15. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ 16. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ 17. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ 18. ‫ا‬ ˜ ِ ّ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ى‬ 19. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻃ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫م‬ 20. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ 21. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ 22. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ 23. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ k َ 24. ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ 25. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ب‬ ّ 26. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻖ‬ 27. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ُّ ‫ﺟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ٰ 28. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ 29. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺐ‬ 30. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬
  • 11. Dream Worldwide 11 Number 1) Normal masculine plural (Muslim chart) 2) Normal feminine plural (Muslim chart) 3) Human broken plural 4) Non-human broken plural 5) Plural by meaning (Eg: people ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ ٌ , generation ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ ٌ , nation ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫م‬ ٌ ) Broken Plurals BPs don’t have plural endings like those in the Muslim chart. Broken plurals have ending sounds. They can only be identified through vocabulary, otherwise they look singular. Human Broken Plurals: • BPs representing intelligent beings. eg: ‫ﻋ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺂ‬ ‫ء‬ ُ , ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻞ‬ ٌ , ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ • Treated as “she” or what they really are “they”. Non-Human Broken Plural • BPs representing non intelligent beings. Eg: ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﺐ‬ ٌ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ َ ‫ب‬ ٌ ALL non-human plurals (broken or not) are treated as a “she”. Word Meaning Treatment? Word Meaning Treatment? 1. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ the perpetual liars plural 9. ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٌ miraculous signs sing, fem 2. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ the mountains 10. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ٌ a person 3. ‫و‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ٌ faces 11. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ hellfire 4. ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ women 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ِ the elephant 5. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ُ seas 13. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ُ the earth 6. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ those who race/compete 14. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ ٌ deeds 7. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ the graves 15. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ the angels 8. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ clear proof 16. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ two men
  • 12. Dream Worldwide 12 FEMININE BECAUSE THE ARABS SAID SO… During a ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ب‬ , a soldier was daydreaming looking up at the ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺂ‬ ‫ء‬ until the ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ came up. When he snapped out of it, he realized he was the only ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ left on the battlefield. He was surrounded by ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ so he used a ‫د‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ full of water to make a ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ and a ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻖ‬ all the way to safer ‫أ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ . In the hot blowing ‫ر‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺢ‬ he was desperately looking for a ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ ْ to draw water from. In his search, he found an empty ‫د‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ inside which he finds a ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫س‬ full of ‫ﺧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ . He is tempted despite his fear of ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﻢ‬ and ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻌ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ to take a sip but wards off his temptation and uses his ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to strike the drink.
  • 13. Dream Worldwide 13 Gender Masculine • Default Feminine • Real Feminine eg: ‫أ‬ ُ ‫م‬ · (mother) ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٌ (cow) • Fake Feminine o ‫ة‬ ‫ى‬ ٰ ‫آ‬ ‫ء‬ (in some cases) o Non-Human Broken Plurals o Proper name of places o Body parts in pairs o Because the Arabs said so (pg. 12) Word Meaning How’s it treated? Word Meaning How’s it treated? ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ the perpetual liars plural, masc ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٌ miraculous signs sing, fem ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ the mountains ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ٌ a person ‫و‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ٌ faces ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ hellfire ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ women ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ِ the elephant ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ُ seas ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ُ the earth ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ those who race/compete ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ ٌ deeds ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ the graves ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ the angels ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ clear proof ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ َ ‫ى‬ ٰ the easiest ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻞ‬ ٌ messengers ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ٍ a fire ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ َ the one who asks ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ the believers
  • 14. Dream Worldwide 14 Tell the Status, Number and Gender of the following words: Word Status/Number/Gender Word Status/Number/Gender 1. ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﺠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ J/S/F 17. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ً 2. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ُ R/S/F 18. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ َ 3. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 19. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ 4. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ 20. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 5. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 21. ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻖ‬ َ 6. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ ِ 22. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 7. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 23. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ٌ 8. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 24. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 9. ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ 25. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ٍ 10. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 26. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ ُ 11. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 27. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ُ 12. ‫ﺗ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ة‬ ً 28. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ُ 13. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 29. ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ o ِ ٍ 14. ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻻ‬ ً 30. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ٌ 15. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻹ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ُ 31. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ 16. ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ َ َ 32. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ َ
  • 15. Dream Worldwide 15 Common vs. Proper Common • Default 7 Kinds of Proper 1) Words with ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ 2) Proper names 3) The one being called 4) Pronouns (page 18) 5) Ism Ishaarah (pointer words) eg: ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﺬ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻚ‬ َ (page 30) 6) Ism Mowsool eg: ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ي‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ 7) The word before “of” if the word after “of” is proper For example, in the following ayaat, the highlighted words are proper. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ¿ َ ٰ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ ُّ ‫ﺤ‬ ُ ‫ﻒ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B Indeed, this is in the former scriptures, (87:18) ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ n َ ٰ ‫و‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ‫ﺤ‬ ُ ‫ﻒ‬ ِ The scriptures of Abraham and Moses. (87:19) ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ · ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫و‬ َ And you, [Muhammad], are free of restriction in this city (90:2) ‫و‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻘ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ُ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ And the messenger of Allah [Salih] said to them, "[Do not harm] the she-camel of Allah or [prevent her from] her drink." (91:13) ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ َ ‫ﻛ‬ B ٰ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Æ َ ُ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ْ ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ي‬ ْ [He] who gives [from] his wealth to purify himself (92:18)
  • 16. Dream Worldwide 16 Indicate whether the words are common(C) or proper(P). Word C/P Reason Word C/P Reason 1. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 1. ‫آ‬ ‫د‬ َ ‫م‬ ُ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 2. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 2. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ َ 3. ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 3. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺿ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 4. ! ‫و‬ َ o َ ُ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 4. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ 5. ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ي‬ ْ 5. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ﺿ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 6. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 6. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ ِ 7. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ل‬ ُ the messenger of Allah 7. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ٍ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ط‬ َ a scourge of punishment 8. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ َ 8. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 9. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻗ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 9. ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ 10. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ً ‫ا‬ 10. ‫ا‬ É ْ َ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ 11. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 11. ‫ا‬ ˜ ِ ّ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ى‬ ٰ 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ُ the fire of Allah 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ُ the people of the right 13. ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ُ 13. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 14. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 14. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٍ 15. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ٌ 15. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ n َ 16. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻊ‬ َ the rising of the sun 16. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٍ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ ُّ freeing of a slave 17. ‫و‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ٌ 17. ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 18. ‫ﻏ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫م‬ ٍ 18. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﻌ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ِ
  • 17. Dream Worldwide 17 Write the four properties of each of the words (Status/Number/Gender/Type) Word S/N/G/T Word S/N/G/T Word S/N/G/T 1. ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺣ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 2. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 3. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ 4. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 5. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ َ 6. ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ 7. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 8. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ً 9. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫م‬ ٍّ 10. ‫ذ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ْ 11. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ n َ ٰ 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ِ 13. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ُ 14. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ ِ 15. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ 16. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 17. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 18. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ٍ 19. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 20. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ٍ 21. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ َ 22. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ َ 23. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 24. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 25. ‫د‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺲ‬ َ 26. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ ْ ِ ‫ب‬ َ 27. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ِ 28. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ن‬ ِ 29. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ِ 30. ‫و‬ َ o َ ً ‫ا‬ 31. ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ً 32. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 33. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ 34. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 35. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 36. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 37. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 38. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ج‬ ٌ 39. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻒ‬ ُ 40. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ َ 41. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُْ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ٰ 42. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ 43. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ِّ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺢ‬ ُ 44. ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫آ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 45. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ َ 46. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 47. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﺺ‬ ِ 48. ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ٌ 49. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ق‬ ِ 50. ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٍ 51. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻃ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ُ 52. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 53. ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ٍ 54. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ظ‬ ٍ 55. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺠ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ 56. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ 57. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ ُ ‫و‬ ¿ ٰ
  • 18. Dream Worldwide 18 Pronouns Raf “They” ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ Raf “Both of them” ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Raf “He” ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ 3 rd Person Pronouns Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ or ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ or ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ه‬ ِ or ‫ه‬ ُ Raf “They (f)” ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B Raf “Both of them (f)” ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Raf “She” ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B or ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ or ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Raf “You (m. pl)” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ Raf “both of you” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Raf “You(m.s)” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ 2 nd Person Pronouns Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ك‬ َ Raf “You (f.pl)” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B Raf “both of you (f)” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Raf “You(f)” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ِ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ك‬ ِ Raf “We” ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ Raf “I” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 1 st Person Pronouns Nasb/Jarr (attached) ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ kِ ْ nasb / ‫ي‬ ْ jarr (both are attached)
  • 19. Dream Worldwide 19 Write your pronoun notes here: 1) An independent pronoun is always in the __________ status 2) An attached pronoun is nasb in two cases: i. ii. 3) An attached pronoun is jarr in two cases: i. ii.
  • 20. Dream Worldwide 20 Pronoun Practice: Give the 4 properties of the pronouns below, and translate the pronoun. Some examples have been done for you. 1. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ R/S/M/P he/it 2. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ 3. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 4. ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ N/S/F/P her/it 5. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 6. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B 7. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 8. ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B 9. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ 10. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ْ 11. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 12. ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ُ 13. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 14. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 15. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B 16. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 17. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ُ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 18. ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ 19. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ 20. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B 21. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ُّ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 22. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 23. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ 24. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ ِ 25. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ 26. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 27. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 28. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ 29. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻚ‬ ِ 30. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬
  • 21. Dream Worldwide 21 Primary Rules for the Idhafah ( ‫ا‬ ‫ﻹ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺿ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ) 1. The ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ (word before “of”) should be: a. Light b. No alif-laam ( ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ) 2. The ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ (word after “of”) should be a. In ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ status 3. No long distance relationship 4. The last property of the ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ , type, is dictated by the ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ 5. Both the ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ and the ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ should be isms. Basic Kinds of Idhafah 1. “of” translation eg: Imam of the masjid ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫م‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ 2. Pronoun attached to an ism eg: His house ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ 3. Special Mudhafs eg: Under the earth ‫ﺗ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ِ
  • 22. Dream Worldwide 22 Special Mudhafs (usually doesn’t give an “of” meaning) Special Mudhafs below are by default nasb status besides, other than ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ below ‫ﺗ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ above ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ق‬ َ between ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ after ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ before ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ َ around, surrounding ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ َ with ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ with, at, has, by/beside ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ especially from o َ ُ ‫ن‬ ْ behind ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ َ in front of ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫م‬ َ behind, beyond ‫و‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫آ‬ ‫ء‬ َ right in front of ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ B ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ َ Special mudhafs below can be raf/nasb/jar status which, any ‫أ‬ َ ‫ي‬ ُّ other than ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ُ each, all, every, the whole ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ُّ some, some of ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺾ‬ ُ
  • 23. Dream Worldwide 23 Idhafah Practice: Tell whether each instance is an idhafah or not 1. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ ‫ﻞ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ َ 2. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ً ‫ا‬ 3. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 4. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ 5. ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 6. ‫ا‬ ‫ﺗ‬ B َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ 7. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ ً ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 8. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ِ ّ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ ٍ 9. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫د‬ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ 10. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺚ‬ ِ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 11. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 12. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺜ‬ َ َ n َ ْ ‫ء‬ ٍ 13. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺷ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ٍ 14. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ ً 15. ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 16. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ َ 17. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫م‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺞ‬ ِ ّ 18. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ ِ 19. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ 20. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ 21. ‫و‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ٌ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 22. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ب‬ ُّ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 23. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 24. ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ٍ 25. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻆ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 26. ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ٍ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ِ ّ ٍ 27. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ؤ‬ ُ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 28. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬ ُ 29. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ٍ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ٍ 30. ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 31. ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 32. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ب‬ َ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 33. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ B ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 34. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ 35. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ِ 36. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ي‬ ُّ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺰ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 37. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ B ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ٍ 38. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُّ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 39. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ة‬ ِ 40. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ب‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ِ 41. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ٌ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ 42. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 43. ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ض‬ ِ 44. ‫ز‬ ُ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ 45. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ 46. ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ِ 47. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ِ ّ n َ ْ ‫ء‬ ٍ 48. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 49. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ Æ ِ ِ 50. ‫ﺛ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ث‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٍ 51. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ 52. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ 53. ‫و‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ B ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ة‬ َ 54. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ 55. ‫و‬ ُ ‫ﺿ‬ ِ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ُ 56. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ر‬ َ ë ِ ّ ْ 57. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 58. ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ 59. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ 60. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 61. ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫م‬ ٍ 62. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ ٍ 63. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻖ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ِ 64. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫د‬ ِ ‫ي‬ ْ 65. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫د‬ َ ‫و‬ ْ ‫س‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫ﻻ‬ ً 66. ‫ﺠ‬ َ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ 67. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ 68. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ ً ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 69. ‫ﺟ‬ َ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ً 70. ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫م‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 71. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 72. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫س‬ ِ
  • 24. Dream Worldwide 24 Idhafah with pronouns. Fill in the blanks with the pronouns 1. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________selves 2. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ rebellion 3. ‫ز‬ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ___________ glitter 4. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ___________ command 5. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ nation 6. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ___________ family/people/dwellers 7. ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫د‬ َ ‫ه‬ ُ ___________ boundaries 8. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ place 9. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﺜ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ With ___________ example/likeness 10. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻸ‬ ِ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ Then for ___________ mother 11. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B ___________ family 12. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B One of ___________ 13. ‫ﺷ‬ ُ َ ï َ ‫ﺂ‬ ‫ؤ‬ ُ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ associates 14. ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B ___________ marriage gifts 15. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ِ ْ ___________ action/work 16. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ___________ lord
  • 25. Dream Worldwide 25 Special Mudhaf Practice. Fill in the blanks with the correct meanings 1. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻖ‬ ِ ّ ______________ the right justification 2. ‫و‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫آ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ all of you 3. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ them 4. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ق‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺛ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ______________ two women 5. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ them 6. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻀ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ you all 7. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ______________ us 8. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ُّ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ them 9. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ______________ two sisters. 10. ‫و‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫آ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ that for all of you 11. o َ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ______________ behalf 12. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ ______________ the obligation 13. ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ______________ that 14. ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ك‬ َ ______________ have 15. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ______________ her/it 16. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ِ ______________ the tree. 17. ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ______________ both of them.
  • 26. Dream Worldwide 26 Primary Rules for Mowsoof + Sifah 1. Mowsoof ( ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ف‬ ) must be a. First b. Only one 2. Sifah ( ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ) a. Has the same 4 properties as the Mowsoof b. Is after the Mowsoof c. May be more than one d. Can tolerate a long distance relationship Note: • The mowsoof is never a pronoun, pointer word, or ism mowsool • The sifah is never a proper name, pronoun, or pointer word. • Look out for non human plurals and their feminine sifahs. For example: ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ B ‫ﻐ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ة‬ ُ the small books ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ beautiful bags Examples of Mowsoof Sifah. Write the 4 properties of the highlighted words based on how they are treated. a heavy word ‫ﺛ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ ً ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻻ‬ ً the greatest calamity ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ َ ‫ى‬ ٰ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻄ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ُ purified scriptures ‫ﻣ‬ ُّ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ً ‫ﺻ‬ ُ ‫ﺤ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ a great test from your Lord ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻈ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ٌ elevated beds ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ُ ‫ر‬ ٌ like eaten straw ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ٍ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ ٍ ‫ﻛ‬ َ the great attainment ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ز‬ ُ an intensely hot fire ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ٌ for two orphan boys ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻐ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ abundant gains ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ة‬ ٌ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ
  • 27. Dream Worldwide 27 Primary Rules for Harf of Jarr 1. The harf of jarr makes its ism jarr. 2. No long distance relationship. 3. There are 17 harf of jarr. We will learn 11 that are in the Quran. 4. The harf of jarr is called the ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ّ and the ism it makes jarr is the ‫ﻣ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ر‬ for/have (pronoun ‫ل‬ َ all else ‫ل‬ ِ ) ‫ل‬ like (comparison) ‫ك‬ َ swear by Allah only ‫ت‬ َ with ‫ب‬ ِ about/away from ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ in/about ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ from/because of (not ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ) ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ oath (Not the ‫و‬ َ for “and”) ‫و‬ َ to/towards ‫إ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ until (2) ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B on/upon/against ‫ﻟ‬ َ َ Additional notes: • When attached to a pronoun, the ‫ل‬ is pronounced ‫ل‬ َ otherwise it is ‫ل‬ ِ . For example: ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ vs. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ٍ • Don’t confuse the harf of jarr lam with the lam for emphasis. The lam for emphasis does not make isms jarr. For example: ‫ﺠ‬ َ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ – Most certainly, I swear to it, we. ‫ﺠ‬ َ َ ‫ﺎ‬ – For us (harf of jarr). • Don’t confuse the ‫و‬ َ harf of jarr (for oaths only) with the connector ‫و‬ َ which means “and” • When ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ and ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ are attached to ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ they are written as ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ and ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ . • When attached to a pronoun, ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ and ‫ﻟ‬ َ َ are pronounced with a ‫ي‬ ْ . For example: ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ or ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ Identify if the following are harf of jarr fragments 1. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻖ‬ ِ ّ 2. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ٍ 3. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 4. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ِ ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ٍ 5. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ِ ّ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺰ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٍ 6. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ف‬ ٍ 7. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 8. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫د‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ 9. ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ ُّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ B ‫د‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٍ 10. ‫ﻟ‬ َ َٰ ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫م‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ 11. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ِ ّ 12. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ِ 13. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ِ 14. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 15. ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B ٰ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ 16. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﻰ‬ ٰ
  • 28. Dream Worldwide 28 Primary Rules for Harf of Nasb 1. The harf of nasb makes its ism nasb. 2. Can tolerate a long distance relationship. however ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B certainly, for sure ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B so that, hopefully, maybe ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ B that ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B alas (express regret) É َ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ َas though, as if ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B because ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B Note: The nasb form of the pronoun ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ is k ِ ْ and the nasb form of ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ is ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ . When attached to a harf of nasb, these pronouns can be written fully, or the ‫ن‬ can be dropped. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ or ‫إ‬ ِ k ِ ّ and ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ or ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ . For example: ‫ﺎ‬ ‫آ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ B ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ Those who say, "Our Lord, indeed we have believed…." (3:16) ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺰ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ه‬ ُ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B Indeed, We sent it down during the Night of Decree. (97:1) ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُّ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫إ‬ ِ k ِ ّ ْ Indeed, I am your Lord (20:12) ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻻ‬ B ‫إ‬ ِ Æ ََٰ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B Indeed, I am Allah. There is no deity except Me (20:14) Determine if the following contains a harf of nasb fragment. 1. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ً ‫ا‬ 2. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ 3. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 4. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 5. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﻊ‬ ٌ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 6. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﻋ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ 7. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 8. ‫ﻋ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ B ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 9. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻻ‬ B ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ 10. Æ َ ُ ‫و‬ َ É ِ ü ‫ﺎ‬ 11. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ B ‫ق‬ َ 12. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ B ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ 13. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 14. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ا‬ ‫ﻹ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ َ 15. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ َ 16. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ٌ ‫ﻣ‬ ُّ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٌ 17. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ ِ 18. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Æ َ ُ 19. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ 20. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ً ‫ا‬
  • 29. Dream Worldwide 29 Harf of Jarr: Examples from the Quran With the believers (with, because of, by, at, in, etc) ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ب‬ ِ They said, “By Allah!” ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ت‬ َ Like eaten straw ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ ٍ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ٍ ‫ك‬ َ And for you(pl). ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ (I swear) By the fleeting passage of time! ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ِ ‫و‬ َ From amongst yourselves. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ In just retribution there is life ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ص‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ة‬ ٌ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ They ask you regarding the spoils of war ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ And upon Allah the believers should place their trust. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ! B ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ َ Until the rise of dawn(1). ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻊ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B Until a time(2). ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ٍ ‫ﺣ‬ َ k B It (the Quran) guides towards what is right. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ي‬ ْ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ُّ ‫ﺷ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ Harf of Nasb: Examples from the Quran Certainly Allah is ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B That they are/ that certainly they are ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B As though there is a deafness in his ear (literally barrier) ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ذ‬ ُ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ً ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B That is because they said…. ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ن‬ B Woe is me! I only I didn’t take so-and-so for a friend. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ k َ ٰ É َ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ B ِ ‫ﺬ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻼ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ ً É َ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ On the contrary, righteousness is ‫ﻟ‬ َٰ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ B ‫ﻟ‬ َٰ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ B So that you may be grateful. ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ B
  • 30. Dream Worldwide 30 Pointing Words ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻹ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ة‬ ِ Near ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻵ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ Masculine ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻵ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ or ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻵ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ Feminine ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻵ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ or ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ Far ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ Masculine ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ or ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ Feminine ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ّ or ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬
  • 31. Dream Worldwide 31 Using pointers: 1. To make a fragment: a. The pointer must be followed immediately by ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ b. 4 properties of the pointer ( ‫ا‬ ‫ﻹ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ة‬ ِ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ ) and “pointed at” ( ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ٌ ‫إ‬ ِ É َ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ ) must match 2. To make a sentence: a. Pointer should not have ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ after it ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ب‬ B ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ِ fragment this house ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ة‬ ِ ‫ا‬ o ُّ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ fragment in this worldly/lowest life ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫آ‬ ‫ن‬ ُ fragment this Quran ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫د‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ sentence Those are the boundaries of Allah. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ِ sentence Those are the companions of the fire ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ sentence This is the she-camel of Allah Determine if the following are sentences or fragments 1. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺚ‬ ِ 2. ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻜ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻢ‬ ِ 3. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫م‬ ِ 4. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ِ ْ 5. ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ع‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ة‬ ِ ‫ا‬ o ُّ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 6. ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ا‬ o B ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻵ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ُ 7. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺆ‬ ُ ‫ﻻ‬ َ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﺷ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ؤ‬ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 8. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ 9. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺌ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺻ‬ ْ ‫ﺤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ب‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ِ 10. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺠ‬ B ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ُّ 11. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ َ ë ِ ّ ْ 12. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫آ‬ ‫ن‬ َ 13. ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫آ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ 14. ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ · ‫ﻟ‬ B ‫ﻚ‬ َ 15. ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺐ‬ ِ 16. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ َ 17. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ك‬ َ 18. ‫ﻫ‬ َٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ
  • 32. Dream Worldwide 32 Jumlah Ismiyyah ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ Finding the Invisible IS: 1) Independent pronouns are usually followed by “IS” ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ I am a Muslim. 2) Pointer word followed by other than ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ . ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ٌ This is a house 3) Harf of nasb and its ism is usually followed by “IS” ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ِّ n َ ْ ‫ء‬ ٍ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ٌ Indeed, Allah is… 4) Proper followed by common ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﺐ‬ ُ ‫ﺻ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫ة‬ ٌ The books are small. 5) A break in the chain ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ B ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ْ ‫ا‬ o B ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ِ The man is in the house. Additional examples from the Quran: ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ة‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ج‬ َ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ج‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ض‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻖ‬ ُّ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ B ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﻪ‬ ٌ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ٌ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺜ‬ َ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ً ‫ذ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ n َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻢ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﻊ‬ ٌ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُّ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُّ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ِ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻐ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫د‬ ُ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ن‬ B ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ـ‬ ٰ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ه‬ ِ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ ٌ
  • 33. Dream Worldwide 33 ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫و‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُّ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻂ‬ ٌ Past Tense ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ & ِ ْ Plural Pair Singular They helped. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ They(2) helped. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ He helped ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ Masculine 3rd person ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ They(f) helped. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B They (2f) helped ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ She helped. ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ Feminine 3rd person ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ت‬ ْ You all helped. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ You (2) helped. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ You helped. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ Masculine 2nd person ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ت‬ َ You all(f) helped ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B You (2f) helped ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ You helped(f). ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ِ Feminine 2nd person ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ت‬ ِ we helped. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ I helped. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 1st Person ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ت‬ ُ
  • 34. Dream Worldwide 34 What is the pronoun behind each past tense? 1. ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 2. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ﺿ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ 3. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ 4. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 5. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ É B ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 6. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 7. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ﺷ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ 8. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫و‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ B ‫ت‬ ْ 9. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 10. ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻵ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ َ ‫ا‬ o ُّ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ِ َ 11. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ُ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻪ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﻖ‬ B 13. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 14. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ 15. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻳ‬ B ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ َ B ‫أ‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ذ‬ ْ 16. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 17. ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﺗ‬ B َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ت‬ ْ 18. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ B ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 19. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺈ‬ ِ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ 20. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 21. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻐ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ 22. ‫ﺨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ َ 23. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ 24. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ْ ‫د‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫إ‬ ِ kِ ّ ْ 25. ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B 26. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫د‬ ْ ‫ت‬ ُ
  • 35. Dream Worldwide 35 27. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ َ 28. ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ B ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B Attaching Pronouns to Fi’ls Recall that pronouns attached to fi’ls are nasb because they are details. To translate fi’ls with attached pronouns. Eg: ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ِ ْ 1) Identify and ignore the attached pronoun: k ِ ْ is the attached pronoun. 2) Translate the fi’l by itself: ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ means “he helped”. 3) Translate the attached pronoun by itself: k ِ ْ means “me” 4) Put it all together: ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ِ ْ “He helped me” Examples: He helped ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ He helped her ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ I helped ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ت‬ ُ I helped him ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ ُ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ She helped ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ت‬ ْ She helped me ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ‫ﺗ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ We taught ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ We taught all of you(f) ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B Both of you taught ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Both of you taught both of them ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ All of you taught ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ All of you taught us ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ They said ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ They said it ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ُ Circle the attached pronoun: 1. ‫ا‬ِ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ ُ ‫ﻚ‬ َ 2. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 3. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 4. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 5. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 6. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 7. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 8. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 9. ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ 10. ‫آ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B 11. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ 12. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ï ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ
  • 36. Dream Worldwide 36 Translate based on the English clues 1. ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ (to destroy) 2. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ (to come) 3. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ز‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ (to become heavy) 4. ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ (to settle someone/something) 5. ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ (to forbid) 6. ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ (to put in error) 7. ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ َ (to follow) 8. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ُ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫س‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ (to whisper evil suggestions) 9. ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫و‬ َ (to swear to someone) 10. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ B ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ة‬ َ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ (to taste) 11. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻇ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ (to wrong) 12. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َْ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ج‬ َ (to expel) 13. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ‫ﺸ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ً ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ َ +ِ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ (to do) 14. ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻂ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ َ ë ِ ّ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ (to command) 15. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ز‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ B ‫م‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ (to make illegal/forbid) 16. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ (to come) 17. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺂ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ B ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ˜ B ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ (To be arrogant) (to deny)
  • 37. Dream Worldwide 37 Fill in the blanks with the appropriate pronouns. 1. ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ created ___________. 2. ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ __________ came to __________. 3. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ B ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _________ provided comforts for ____________. 4. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _________ made ____________. 5. ‫و‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ and ___________ came to ___________. 6. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Then __________ made ___________. 7. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ه‬ ُ __________ understood ____________. 8. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ َ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ Then ___________ slaughtered _____________. 9. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ touched _____________. 10. ‫آ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ gave _____________. 11. ‫ﻇ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ __________ wronged ____________. 12. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ___________ seized _____________. 13. ‫ﻧ‬ َ B ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ __________ rescued ____________. 14. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻀ‬ B ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _________ favored ______________. 15. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ __________ expelled __________________. 16. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ___________ taught ____________. 17. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺿ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ brought before _____________. 18. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﺜ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _____________ raised ______________.
  • 38. Dream Worldwide 38 19. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ____________ forced _____________. 20. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ____________ hamstrung _____________. 21. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ر‬ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ____________ warned _________________. 22. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺰ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ه‬ ُ ___________ sent ___________ down. 23. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _____________ obey _____________. 24. ‫أ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ َ ‫ه‬ ُ ____________ made ____________ immortal. 25. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ _____________ made ________________. 26. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻄ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ك‬ َ ____________ gave ______________. 27. ‫آ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B ___________ gave _______________. 28. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B ____________ hated ________________. 29. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ______________ killed ________________. 30. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ َ َ ï ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ __________ helped ____________. 31. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ B ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ __________ accepted ____________. 32. ‫و‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ and ___________ caused __________ to grow. 33. ‫ﻃ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ َ ‫ك‬ ِ ___________ purified ___________. 34. ‫ﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺌ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ __________ came to ____________. 35. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ B ‫ﺑ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ك‬ َ ___________ lied against _____________.
  • 39. Dream Worldwide 39 Present Tense ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ِ ‫ع‬ ُ Plural Pair Singular They help. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ They (2) help. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ He helps. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ Masculine 3rd person ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ They(f) help. ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B They (2f) help ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ She helps. ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ Feminine 3rd person ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ You all help. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ You (2) help. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ You help. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ Masculine 2nd person ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ You all(f) help ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B You (2f) help ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ You help(f). ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ِ Feminine 2nd person ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ We help. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ I help. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 1st Person ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ
  • 40. Dream Worldwide 40 Present Tense Tips Remember a present tense will start with a ‫ن‬ َ ‫ن‬ ُ ‫أ‬ َ ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ت‬ َ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ي‬ َ ‫ي‬ ُ . Below are the present tense tips, along with two example words and translation. he teaches ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ he helps ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫ي‬ َ / ‫ي‬ ُ = ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ they(2,m) teach ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ they(2,m) help ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ (m) ‫ي‬ َ / ‫ي‬ ُ + ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ = ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ they(pl,m) teach ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ they(pl,m) help ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ي‬ َ / ‫ي‬ ُ + ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ = ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ they(pl,f) teach ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ they(pl,f) help ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ن‬ َ = ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B ْ ‫ي‬ َ / ‫ي‬ ُ + she teaches ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ she helps ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ َ or ‫ت‬ َ / ‫ت‬ ُ = ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ you(m,s) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ you(m,s) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ they(2,f) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ they(2,f) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ or (f) ‫ت‬ َ / ‫ت‬ ُ + ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ = ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ you(2) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ you(2) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ you(pl,m) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ you(pl,m) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ت‬ َ / ‫ت‬ ُ + ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ = ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ you(f,s) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ you(f,s) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ ‫ت‬ َ / ‫ت‬ ُ + ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ = ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ِ you(pl,f) teach ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ you(pl,f) help ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B ‫ن‬ َ = ْ ‫ت‬ َ / ‫ت‬ ُ + I teach ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ I help ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫أ‬ َ / ‫أ‬ ُ = ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ we teach ‫ﻏ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ we help ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫ن‬ َ / ‫ن‬ ُ = ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ
  • 41. Dream Worldwide 41 Translate based on the English clues 1. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻼ‬ ً to remember 2. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻈ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﺂ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to wrong/do injustice 3. ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to live and to die 4. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ï B ‫ﺄ‬ ُ to lean 5. ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ُ ‫ﻓ‬ َ to say 6. ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ B ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻪ‬ ُ to take a reminder 7. ‫ﻧ‬ َ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ف‬ ُ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ B ‫ﻨ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to fear 8. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ِ to want 9. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ to put together 10. ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ ‫ﺸ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ to walk 11. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ to say 12. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ to know 13. ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺌ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻻ‬ َ to create 14. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻵ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ ُ ‫ﻏ‬ ُ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺬ‬ َٰ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻚ‬ َ to explain 15. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ َ ‫ﺑ‬ B ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ َ to wait 16. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ to teach 17. ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ B ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ to learn
  • 42. Dream Worldwide 42 Present tense and pronouns. Translate based on the English cues 1. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻳ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to commit 2. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ fight 3. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ِ ‫ﻈ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to advise 4. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﻚ‬ َ to impress 5. ‫ﺗ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ُ ‫ﺬ‬ ُ ‫ه‬ ُ to take 6. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﻐ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to want 7. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ask 8. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫ك‬ َ to criticize 9. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ِ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ه‬ ُ converse with 10. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ ْ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to carry 11. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ to help 12. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to know 13. ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ B ‫ﺨ‬ ِ ‫ﺬ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ to take 14. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to afflict 15. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﺬ‬ ُ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to hold accountable 16. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ذ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻚ‬ َ to seek permission from 17. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺸ‬ ُ ُ ‫ه‬ ُ to gather 18. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to place in 19. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺰ‬ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ to sadden 20. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ُ ‫ﻄ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ obey 21. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻚ‬ َ to teach 22. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ ï ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُّ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ reach 23. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻠ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B to eat 24. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﺄ‬ َ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻚ‬ َ to ask 25. ‫أ‬ ُ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺌ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to inform 26. ‫ﺗ‬ ُ ‫ﺆ‬ ْ ‫ذ‬ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ْ to harm 27. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺸ‬ ِ ّ ُ ‫ك‬ ِ to give good news 28. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to warn 29. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ َ ‫ﺬ‬ ِ ّ ‫ر‬ ُ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to warn 30. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to cause to die 31. ‫ﺗ‬ ُ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﺛ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to inform 32. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to afflict 33. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻀ‬ ُ ُّ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to harm 34. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﺄ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﻛ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to command 35. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ُّ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ to love 36. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ َ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ّ ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ to distort 37. ‫ﻓ‬ ُ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ to spend 38. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺟ‬ ُّ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ argue
  • 43. Dream Worldwide 43 Inside Doer vs. Outside Doer If the doer of the fi’l is a pronoun, then it is an inside doer. Eg: I wrote. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ْ ‫ﺖ‬ ُ If the doer is NOT a pronoun, it is an outside doer. Muhammed wrote. ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺐ‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻤ‬ B ‫ﺪ‬ ٌ Rules for the Outside Doer: The outside doer must be: • After the ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ (doesn’t have to be directly after) • In ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻊ‬ status The ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻞ‬ should be in the ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ َ or ‫ﻫ‬ ِ َ form ONLY. Examples: A Muslim said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ٌ A Muslim woman said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺔ‬ ٌ Two Muslims said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ Two Muslim women said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ِ Muslims said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ Muslims(f) said. ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺴ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ ٌ What is the doer ( ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻞ‬ ), if any, in the following sentences? The fi’l is highlighted. 1. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ ْ ‫ﻮ‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ْ ‫ﺗ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ج‬ ُ 2. ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ B ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻪ‬ ُ ‫د‬ َ ‫ﺧ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ َ ‫و‬ َ 3. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ُّ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ ُ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ل‬ ُ 4. ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻘ‬ ُ ‫ﺺ‬ ُّ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ 5. ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ n َ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ل‬ َ 6. ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ 7. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُّ ‫ﻜ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻗ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ا‬ 8. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ ِ ï ْ ‫ﻜ‬ ُّ ‫ﻢ‬ ُ 9. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻳ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ 10. ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ُ ‫ﺷ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 11. ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ُّ ‫ﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ َ ‫ﻛ‬ َ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ ‫ﻒ‬ َ 12. ‫ﻧ‬ َ ْ ‫ﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﻣ‬ ُ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 13. ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻈ‬ B ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ْ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 14. ‫و‬ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ْ ‫ﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ ْ ‫ﺢ‬ ُ ‫ا‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫إ‬ ِ ‫ذ‬ َ ‫ا‬ 15. ‫ﺗ‬ ِ ّ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ر‬ َ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 16. ‫ﺳ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ِ ‫ﻬ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﺣ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ط‬ َ 17. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ k ِ ْ 18. ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ا‬ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻄ‬ ْ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ 19. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺤ‬ ْ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ِ ْ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ 20. ‫ر‬ َ ë ِ ّ ْ ‫و‬ َ ‫ﻋ‬ ْ ‫ﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ 21. ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻌ‬ ْ ‫ﻴ‬ ُ ‫ﻬ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺿ‬ َ ‫ﻞ‬ B 22. ‫ﻳ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺴ‬ َ ‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻢ‬ ْ 23. ‫ا‬ ‫ﻷ‬ ْ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ْ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ٰ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ء‬ َ ‫ه‬ ُ 24. ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻔ‬ ْ ‫ﺲ‬ ٌ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺖ‬ ْ
  • 44. Dream Worldwide 44 Making Present Tense Light ( ‫ﻣ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ‫ﻮ‬ ْ ‫ب‬ ) To make the present tense light: 1) The ‫ﻫ‬ ُ ‫ﻦ‬ B and ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺘ‬ ُ B versions do not change. 2) If the present tense ends in a ◌ ُ then change the ◌ ُ to a ◌ َ . 3) If the present tense ends in a ‫ن‬ then remove the ‫ن‬. Light Present Tense Chart ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻓ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ُ ‫و‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ْ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻳ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ ِ ‫ي‬ ْ ‫ﻏ‬ َ ‫ﻨ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ ‫أ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬ ْ ‫ﺼ‬ ُ َ