Lung abscess is a localized collection of pus and necrotic lung tissue formed by the destruction of lung parenchyma. It can be either acute (less than 4-6 weeks duration) or chronic. Common causes include bacterial and anaerobic infections resulting from aspiration or underlying lung abnormalities. Symptoms vary from mild cough to fever and chest pain. Diagnosis involves medical history, imaging studies like chest X-ray and CT scan, and tests. Treatment primarily consists of intravenous antibiotics, oxygen therapy, coughing and drainage to clear the abscess.