Louis-Victor de Broglie was a French physicist born in 1892 who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1929 for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons. He introduced the theory that all matter has wave-like properties and particles can diffract and interfere like waves. De Broglie came from a noble French family with a long history of distinguished achievements. He studied physics at the University of Paris and proposed the concept of wave-particle duality, where particles behave as waves and waves behave as particles. De Broglie's theory established him as a leading figure in quantum mechanics and helped lay the foundation for future discoveries in the field.