William Rontgen was a German physicist born in 1845 who is renowned for his discovery of X-rays in 1895. While experimenting with cathode ray tubes, Rontgen noticed that a nearby screen would fluoresce even when shielded from visible light, and he realized he had discovered a new type of radiation. He named these unknown rays "X-rays" and went on to show that they could pass through and photograph human tissue. Rontgen's discovery revolutionized fields like physics and medicine, and he was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901 for his work. Today, X-rays remain widely used in medical imaging and other applications, and Rontgen is honored as the discoverer of this

1. Topic:WilliamRontgen
Name : Omer Shaikh
Course : MPC-7066
Subject : Physics

2. Introduction.
About William Rontgen
Birth
Early life
Books
Discovery of X–rays
Honour and Awards
Facts
Legacy
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3. William Roentgen
.The German physicist, Wilhelm Conrad
Rontgen was the first person to
systematically produce and detect
electromagnetic radiation in a
wavelength range today known as X-
rays or Rontgen rays.
His discovery of x-rays was a great
revolution in the fields of physics and
medicine and electrified the general
public. It also earned him the Rumford
Medal of the Royal Society of London in
1896 and the first Nobel Prize in
Physics in 1901. He is also known for
his discoveries in mechanics, heat, and
electricity. 3

4. Birth
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Rontgen was born on
March 27, 1845, at Lennep
in the Lower Rhine
Province of Germany. He
was the only child of a
merchant and cloth
manufacturer. Rontgen was
brought up in Netherlands
after he and his family
moved to Apeldoorn in 1848.

5. Early life
.
He was born to Friedrich Conrad
Rontgen, a German merchant and
cloth manufacturer, and Charlotte
Constanze Frowein. His mother was
Dutch and at age three his family
moved to Holland where her family
lived. Rontgen attended high school at
Utrecht Technical School in Utrecht,
Netherlands. He followed courses at
the Technical School for almost two
years. In 1865, he was unfairly
expelled from high school when one of
his teachers intercepted a caricature
of one of the teachers, which was
drawn by someone else.
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6. Books .
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7. Discovery of X-rays
.. X-rays were discovered on November 8, 1895,
by Wilhelm Rontgen (1845–1923) of the
University of Wurzburg. Quite
serendipitously, he found that an active
vacuum tube, shielded with a cardboard
sleeve so that no visible or ultraviolet light
could come out, caused fluorescence on a light-
and UV-sensitive screen some distance away.
When he inadvertently passed between the
tube and the fluorescing screen, he saw a
projection of his own skeleton. As X-rays (as
Rontgen named the effect; others later called
them Rontgen-rays) also affected photographic
plates, these ghostly images could be fixed.
The first published X-ray was of the human
hand, that of his wife Anna Bertha Rontgen.
Rontgen presented it in a formal paper at the
end of December 1895.
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8. Honors and Awards
In 1901, Rontgen was awarded the first Nobel Prize
in Physics. The award was officially "in recognition of
the extraordinary services he has rendered by the
discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named
after him". Rontgen donated the 50,000 Swedish
krona reward from his Nobel Prize to research at his
university, the University of Wurzburg. Like Pierre
Curie, Rontgen refused to take out patents related to
his discovery of X-rays, as he wanted society as a
whole to benefit from practical applications of the
phenomenon. Rontgen was also awarded Barnard
Medal for Meritorious Service to Science in 1900.
His honors include:
• Rumford Medal (1896)
• Matteucci Medal (1896)
• Elliott Cresson Medal (1897)
• Nobel Prize for Physics (1901)
• In November 2004 IUPAC named element number 111 roentgenium
(Rg) in his honour. IUPAP adopted the name in November 2011.
.
•,
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9. Facts
,
Roentgen discovered x-rays
accidentally.
The dangers of x-rays were not yet
known, and the first practitioners died
of either cancer or leukemia.
X-rays played a great role during the
Boer war, and the First World War,
since they were employed when
treating the soldiers’ fractures and
when finding ‘imbedded bullets’
(British Library).
Thanks to his discovery, Roentgen was
awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in
1901.
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10. 10

11. Legacy
 Today, in Remscheid-Lennep, 40
kilometers east of Rontgen's
birthplace in Düsseldorf, is the
Detaches Rontgen-Museum.
In Wurzburg, where he discovered
X-rays, a non-profit organization
maintains his laboratory and
provides guided tours to the
Rontgen Memorial Site.
 World Radiography Day: World
Radiography Day is an annual
event promoting the role of
medical imaging in modern
healthcare. It is celebrated on 8
November each year, coinciding
with the anniversary of the
Rontgen's discovery. 11

12. .
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13. ThankYou.
.
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