- Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879 and is renowned for his theories of relativity and E=mc2 formula. Some of his major achievements include writing four groundbreaking papers in 1905 and winning the Nobel Prize in 1921 for his work on the photoelectric effect. He was married twice and had three sons. Einstein also wrote a letter to FDR warning about Nazi Germany's potential to develop nuclear weapons which helped initiate the Manhattan Project in the US. He died in 1955 at the age of 76 after suffering from internal bleeding.