This document summarizes the contributions of several important chemists throughout history. Some of the chemists discussed include Michael Faraday who discovered benzene and invented the Bunsen burner, Antoine Lavoisier who established the metric system and helped reform chemical nomenclature, Amedeo Avogadro who formulated Avogadro's law relating amounts of gases to moles, and Marie Curie who was the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two fields and discovered radium and polonium. The document provides brief biographies of these scientists and their significant scientific discoveries and advances in chemistry.

1. Chemists and
their
contributions to
science!!
Rebekah Phillips
Adrienne Hatch

2. Michael Faraday
 Was an English chemist who contributed
to the fields of electromagnetism.
 Faraday discovered benzene,
investigated the clathrate hydrate of
chlorine, invented an early form of the
Bunsen burner and the system of
oxidation numbers, and popularized
terminology such as anode, cathode,
electrode, and ion.

3. Antoine Lavoisier
 A French nobleman prominent in the histories of
chemistry. He named both oxygen and hydrogen
and helped construct the metric system, put
together the first extensive list of elements, and
helped to reform chemical nomenclature.
 Lavoisier's researches included some of the first
truly quantitative chemical experiments. He
carefully weighed the reactants and products in a
chemical reaction, leading to the discovery of the
Law of Conservation of Mass.
 FYI: The periodic table is considered a work of art.

4. Amedeo Avogadro
 He is most noted for his
contributions to molecular
theory, including what is
known as Avogadro's law.
In tribute to him, the
number of elementary
entities
(atoms, molecules, ions or
other particles) in 1 mole
of a
substance, 6.02214179(30)
×1023, is known as the
Avogadro constant.

6. Robert Boyle
 Boyle is widely known
today as the first modern
chemist, and therefore one
of the founders of modern
chemistry, and one of the
pioneers of modern
experimental scientific
method. He is best known
for Boyle's law, which
describes the inversely
proportional relationship
between the absolute
pressure and volume of a
gas, if the temperature is
kept constant within a
closed system.

7. Émilie du Châtelet
 Came up with Square roots
 Very young
 Very rich, ancestor of the
king
 Had a lot of money and
time to do science
experiments.
 Harlot
 Pregnant very late, she
died of an embolism.
(pressure in your veins goes
up and they explode)
 Publicly disagreed with
Newton's laws.

8. Albert Einstein
 One of the most prolific
intellects in human history
 He came up wit E=mc2 also
called the law of relativity
 Contributed to research on
atomic structure
 He received the 1921 Nobel
Prize in Physics "for his services
to theoretical physics, and
especially for his discovery of
the law of the photoelectric
effect".[4] The latter was
pivotal in establishing
quantum theory within
physics.

9. Otto Hahn & Fritz Strassman
 Pursued atomic
bomb research
 Took what Einstein
did and made
weapons of mass
disruption.
 Created the atomic
bomb, NOT EINSTEIN

10. Lise Meitner
 An Austrian physicist
who worked on
radioactivity and
nuclear physics. Meitner
was part of the team
that discovered nuclear
fission.
 Lise Meitner was treated
poorly because she was
a woman in a profession
that was male
dominated. And she
was Jewish and was
smuggled from Europe
to America.

11. Marie Curie
 Polish chemist who was famous
for her pioneering research on
radioactivity. She was the first
person honored with two Nobel
Prizes—in physics and
chemistry. She was the first
female professor at the
University of Paris, and became
the first woman to be
acknowledged for her
accomplishments.
 Her achievements included the
theory of radioactivity (a term
that she came up
with), techniques for isolating
radioactive isotopes, and the
discovery of two
elements, polonium and
radium.