rooft top solar power

1. Roof-Top Solar: Promising Future for NTPC

2. “Power obtained by harnessing the energy of the sun's rays”
Solar power is the conversion of energy from sunlight into electricity,
either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using
concentrated solar power.
Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking
systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam.
What is solar power ?

3. ROOF TOP PV POTENTIAL IN INDIA
• According to the 2011 Census (March. 2011), India is having
330 million houses.
• 166 million electrified houses.
• 140 million houses with proper roof (concrete, asbestos, metal sheet).
• 130 million houses are having more than 2 rooms.
• An average house can accommodate 1-3 kWp of roof top PV system.
• By considering 20% available roof space in > 2 room homes alone, it is
estimated that about 25,000 MW solar PV can be accommodated.
• To generate 2000 W @ 12% efficiency, 200 ft2 area is required.

4. Grid connected Renewable Energy
S.N. SOURCE
INSTALLED CAPACITY
(MW)
TARGET FOR 2022
(MW)
1 WIND POWER 32715.37 60000
2
SOLAR POWER
(Ground Mounted)
14751.07
100000
3
SOLAR POWER
(Roof Top)
823.64
4 BIO-MASS 8181.7
10000
5 WASTE TO POWER 114.08
6 SMALL HYDRO 4399.35 5000
TOTAL 60985.21 175000

6. Stand-alone systems
This system is not connected with the grid and is designed to work only with a
storage system
Hybrid systems
This system works in conjunction with other resources such as DG, wind turbine and
storage system to support the load even during a power failure.
Grid-tied systems
These systems are designed to supply the generated power to the grid besides local
load.
These systems will NOT generate power during a power failure as they need to be
synchronized.
Roof top systems

7. PV Modules : Converts solar energy (mainly sunlight) into DC electricity.
Inverter: Converts DC power into AC power at nominal 50 Hz.
Battery : Stores DC electricity in chemical form to meet demand during non-sunny periods.
Charge Controller: Regulates the current at specified voltage flowing from PV modules to
battery and thus prevents battery overcharging and to optimize the battery life.
Transformer : To match PV output voltage in large grid connected systems.
Components of Solar PV system

8. STAND ALONE ROOFTOP PV SYSTEM

9. STAND ALONE ROOFTOP PV SYSTEM
•Stand-alone inverters are different from grid-connected inverters.
•They do not include MPPT controller as in grid-connected inverters.
•This is because in stand-alone systems, PV array is not connected to the inverter but is
wired through a battery charge controller.
•The inverter in a stand-alone power system takes its power from the batteries to supply
the AC circuit(s).
•The system controller (voltage regulator) itself can be a MPPT.
•Stand-alone inverters are usually voltage-specific, and designed to operate for a specific
battery voltage e.g. 12 V, 24 V, 48 V or 120 V DC.

10. HYBRID PV SYSTEM

11. GRID-CONNECTED PV SYSTEM
•By connecting the PV system to the utility network, any excess power generated during daytime
can be exported to the network.
•During low generation periods, power is imported from the network. This arrangement
improves the system reliability.

12. GRID-CONNECTED PV SYSTEM

13. String inverter configuration

15. A PV cell has a maximum-power point (MPP), where VxI is maximum.
The MPP a PV cell varies dynamically with incident solar radiation.
A MPP tracker tracks instantaneous power and uses this information to dynamically
adjust the load so the maximum power is always transferred, regardless of the variation
in lighting.
MAXIMUM POWER POINT (MPP)

16. MPPT algorithms
• Perturb and Observe
– involves a perturbation on
the duty cycle of the power
converter and P&O a
perturbation in the operating
voltage of the DC link
between the PV array and
the power converter
• Incremental conductance
– The incremental
conductance algorithm is
based on the fact that the
slope of the curve power vs.
voltage (current) of the PV
module is zero at the MPP,
positive (negative) on the left
of it and negative (positive)
on the right

17. Net and Gross metering
Cost Efficient as it does not require Battery
backup and easy to implement

18. TWO METER CONFIGURATION

19. Scope for Roof top in NTPC
NTPC have huge potential for developing
roof top solar in our township and office
areas with grid tied solar panel

20. IMPACTS OF TEMPERATURE ON PV
CELL

21. TYPICAL RADIATION ON EARTH

22. NEED FOR TRACKING SYSTEMS

23. PV TRACKING SYSTEMS

24. PV TRACKING SYSTEMS

25. PV MODULE CLEANING

26. Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 26
ADVANTAGES OF ROOFTOP PV
SYSTEM
At Consumer level:
1.Reduced energy bill
2.Reduced dependency on grid
3.Sustainable energy source
At Discom level:
1.Reduced customer demand
2.Reduced losses due to reduced power flow
At National level:
1.Easy to meet national targets such as RE targets, power for all etc.
2.Reduced requirement of land for addition of solar

27. Other benefits of Solar PV
 Increased home values
 Longer warranties
 No moving parts
 Low maintenance (Inverter replacement)
 Unlimited resource / free fuel (the sun!)
 Creates local jobs
 Low interest loans are available

28. • Savings in transmission and distribution losses
• Low gestation time
• No requirement of additional land
• Improvement of tail-end grid voltages and reduction in
system congestion with higher selfconsumption of
solar electricity
• Local employment generation
• Reduction of power bill by supplying surplus electricity
to local electricity supplier
• Battery elimination makes easy installation and
reduced cost of system

29. NTPC:Installed Capacity
Present installed capacity of NTPC is 51,383 MW (including 6,891 MW through JVs/Subsidiaries) comprising of 48 NTPC Stations (20
Coal based stations, 7 combined cycle gas/liquid fuel based stations, 1 Hydro based station), 9 Joint Venture stations (8 coal based
and one gas based) and 12 renewable energy projects.
SL.No. NO. OF PLANTS CAPACITY (MW)
NTPC Owned
Coal 20 38,755
Gas/Liquid Fuel 7 4,017
Hydro 1 800
Renewable energy projects (Solar PV) 11 870
Wind 1 50
Total 40 44,492
Owned By JVs/Subsidiaries
Coal & Gas 8 6,891
Total 48 51,383

30. • New target of 175 GW?
• The announcement was made by Union Minister for
Power and New & Renewable Energy, RK Singh at the
International Solar Alliance (ISA) Forum, part of the
WFES. “India has one of the fastest growing renewable
energy plans in the world and would achieve 175 GW
target of installed renewable energy capacity well
before 2020,” declared Singh at the ISA. The Modi
government had talked about 100 GW, and the current
cumulative capacity of solar power installation in India
is around 19.5 GW as of December 2017.

31. • Before the Modi government came to power,
India had an installed capacity of 2.5 GW of
solar power. This means that the present
government has pushed through the
installation of 17 GW of solar power during
the past three years. Achieving 175 GW will
require some major policy decisions and some
very bold steps.

32. • Third, the solar power capacities announced
desperately require norms for promoting
rooftop solar, and the manner in which rural
electrification will henceforth involve micro-
grids. The power ministry will also have to
work out with power distributors the manner
in which micro grids with smart-grid
technologies can be introduced. There has
apparently been no meeting as yet to work on
such policies.

33. • Finally, there is no denying that solar is a gift
horse that India has been looking at in the mouth
for long. India has a potential for producing 748
GW of solar power. It has set up capacities for
just 19.5GW. It has a 100 GW target announced
by the prime minister, and a recently announced
target of 175GW. The total capacity for India is
just 303GW inclusive of thermal, hydro, nuclear
and other forms (see chart). Obviously, the need
for a policy rethink is urgent.

34. • Charging points or battery swapping?
• The three ministries will have to decide whether
they will adopt the charging points route or the
battery swapping route. The first will allow car
owners to charge their cars at parking lots and at
homes. That will mean augmenting solar panel
charging capacities at homes and at parking lots
to ensure that the current grid is not
overburdened. The other alternative is the
battery swapping route (recommended by Shai
Agassi and Shimon Peres in Israel in 2012).

35. Last solar plant bidding tariff was 2.44
Rs/kwh for 500MW Bhadla-3,
Rajasthan in May,2017.
current cumulative capacity of solar
power installation in India is around
19.5 GW as of December 2017.
India has one of the fastest growing
renewable energy plans in the world
and would achieve 175 GW target of
installed renewable energy capacity by
2022 declared R.K.Singh at the ISA.
Why Roof-Top?

36. Why NTPC should go for Roof-Top Solar?
India has one of the fastest growing
renewable energy plans in the world.
Target:-175 GW renewable energy
capacity by 2022.
Current cumulative capacity of solar
power installation in India is around
19.5 GW as of December 2017.
NTPC renewable (solar) capacity only
870MW till date
Solar plant bidding tariff 2.44 Rs/kwh
for 500MW Bhadla-3, Rajasthan in
May,2017.
Pioneer the change
and grab the market
share

37. Why NTPC should go for Roof-Top Solar?
The railways has announced an ambitious
plan to convert all its engines to run on
electricity rather than coal and diesel. The
railways owns huge tracts of land and
rooftops which can be intelligently used to
generate solar power throughout the year.
The ministry for transportation has also
announced its plans to promote electric
vehicles across the country. It will require
EV charging stations.
Strategy:-Take-over a suitable company
which manufactures solar panels and has
latest technology. It will help in developing
roof-tops as well as large plants
Solar generation is now competitive to
other options.
Opportunities…

38. Why NTPC should go for Roof-Top Solar?
Achieving 175 GW will require some major
policy decisions and some very bold steps
by Govt.
It requires norms for promoting roof-top
solar, and the manner in which rural
electrification will involve micro-grids.
The three ministries will have to decide
whether they will adopt the charging points
route or the battery swapping route. Both
the options may attract roof-top solar
requirements.
The charging point rout will allow car
owners to charge their cars at parking lots
and at homes. That will mean augmenting
solar panel charging capacities at homes
and at parking lots to ensure that the
current grid is not overburdened.
Pioneer the change with
suitable policy advocacy

39. The cleanest form of energy – highly eco-friendly.
Reduces carbon foot-prints - helps in meeting emission reduction targets
Saves Transmission & Distribution losses
No depletion of natural resources like water.
Electrification of remote areas possible where grid is not available.
Promotes local employments
Benefits to the country

40. The cleanest form of energy – highly eco-friendly, reduces carbon foot-prints .
No requirement of additional land and hence cost.
Almost NIL running cost. Very less maintenance cost.
Expectations of stakeholders :- Companies with low carbon foot-prints.
Low gestation period – easy to install.
Creates local jobs.
Require less skill for maintenance.
Benefits to the company

41. The cleanest form of energy – highly eco-friendly.
Electrification of remote areas where grid or distribution network is not available.
No load shedding as power is readily available.
Cheaper power available.
Low interest loans available
Warranty for a longer duration.
Low maintenance cost as there are no moving parts (inverter replacement)
In case of grid connected solar, excess power can be sold to grid for commercial benefits
It helps in EV charging stations as sheds may be converted in roof-top solar.
Sheds of railway platforms may be used for roof-top solar for added advantages.
Roof-top panels may be installed on major installations in areas for generating electricity.
Increased valuation of homes.
Benefits to the customer

42. Thank you all