Linux Security Scanning with Lynis
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Are you really sure the security of your Linux systems is done properly? Since 2002, Michael Boelen performs research in this field. The answer is short: there is too much to possible and to do. For this reason, he created several open source security tools, to help others saving time. We will look into how Lynis can help with technical security scans. In this talk, we had a look on how Lynis helps with system hardening. We discussed the background of the tool, lessons learned after 13 years of open source software development, and what the future plans are.
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Linux Security Scanning with Lynis
- 1. Linux Security Scanning Learn your weaknesses with Lynis Nijmegen, 2016-05-10 Meetup: Linux Usergroup Nijmegen Michael Boelen michael.boelen@cisofy.com
- 2. Goals 1. Perform a security audit 2. Learn what to protect 3. Determine why 2
- 3. Agenda Today 1. System Hardening 2. Security Auditing 3. Lynis 3
- 4. Michael Boelen ● Open Source Security ○ rkhunter (malware scan) ○ Lynis (security audit) ● 170+ blog posts at Linux-Audit.com ● Founder of CISOfy 4
- 6. 6
- 8. 8
- 9. 9
- 10. 10
- 11. Hardening Basics
- 12. Hardening 101 ● New defenses ● Existing defenses ● Reduce weaknesses (= attack surface) 12 Photo Credits: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Wilson44691
- 13. Hardening 101 ● Security is an ongoing process ● It is never finished ● New attacks = more hardening ○ POODLE ○ Hearthbleed 13
- 14. Hardening 101 Operating System ● Packages ● Processes ● Configuration 14
- 15. Linux Security 15 Areas Core Resources Services Environment System Hardening Boot Process Containers Frameworks Kernel Service Manager Virtualization Accounting Authentication Cgroups Cryptography Logging Namespaces Network Software Storage Time Database Mail Middleware Monitoring Printing Shell Web Forensics Incident Response Malware Risks Security Monitoring System Integrity Security Auditing Compliance
- 17. Auditing Why audit? ● Checking defenses ● Assurance ● Quality Control 17
- 18. Auditing Who? ● Auditors ● Security Professionals ● System Engineers 18
- 19. Auditing How? 1. Focus 2. Audit 3. Focus 4. Harden 5. Repeat! 19
- 20. Resources Guides ● Center for Internet Security (CIS) ● NIST / NSA ● OWASP ● Vendors 20
- 21. Guides Pros Free to use Detailed You are in control 21 Cons Time intensive Usually no tooling Limited distributions Delayed releases No follow-up
- 23. Lynis 23
- 24. Lynis 2007 24
- 25. Lynis GPL v3 25
- 27. Lynis Goal 1 In-depth security scan 27
- 28. Lynis Goal 2 Quick and easy to use 28
- 29. Lynis Goal 3 Define the next (hardening) step 29
- 30. Differences with other tools
- 31. Lynis Simple ● No installation needed ● Run with simple commands ● No configuration needed 31
- 32. Lynis Flexibility ● No dependencies* ● Can be easily extended ● Custom tests * Besides common tools like awk, grep, ps 32
- 33. Lynis Portability ● Run on all UNIX platforms ● Detect and use “on the go” ● Usable after OS version upgrade 33
- 34. Running Lynis
- 35. How it works ● Initialise → OS detection → Read profiles → Detect binaries ● Run helpers / plugins / tests ● Show audit results 35
- 36. Running Lynis 1. lynis 2. lynis audit system 3. lynis audit system --quick 4. lynis audit system --quick --quiet 36
- 37. Lynis Profiles Optional configuration ● Default profile (default.prf) ● Custom profile (custom.prf) ● Other profiles with --profile 37
- 39. Plugins An extension to Lynis Plugins are mostly for gathering facts Customization: include/tests_custom or custom plugin 39
- 40. Demo?
- 41. Lessons Learned
- 42. Lessons Learned Simplicity ● Keep it simple ● First impression ● Next step 42
- 43. Lessons Learned Less is better ● Dependencies ● Program arguments ● Screen output 43
- 44. Lessons Learned Documentation ● Understand its power ● Focus on new users ● Separate properly 44
- 45. Lessons Learned GitHub Stats: issues / pulls / stars / watchers 45
- 46. Lessons Learned Open Source = Business It needs PR, blog posts, attention (like a business) 46
- 47. Future
- 48. Future ● Packages ● More tests ● Quality control ● Linting ● Unit tests ● Software Development Kit 48
- 49. Future Want to help? ● Submit patches ● Provide feedback ● Deploy Lynis 49
- 50. You finished this presentation Success!
- 51. Learn more? Follow ● Blog Linux Audit (linux-audit.com) ● Twitter @mboelen This presentation can be found on michaelboelen.com 51