The document discusses linear and non-linear texts. Linear texts must be read sequentially from beginning to end, like novels and poems. Non-linear texts can be understood without a strict sequence, using visuals, graphs, charts or diagrams. Examples of non-linear texts include concept maps, line graphs, bar graphs, histograms, pie charts and Venn diagrams. These use visual representations like boxes, circles and relationships to convey information and concepts.

1. LINEAR & NON-LINEAR text

2. Linear text

3. This is the most common type
text that need to be read from
beginning to end
“Linear text

4. It focuses on the arrangement of the words,
both grammatically and stylistically.
“Linear text

5. Generally, texts printed on paper are considered as
linear texts. Novels, poems, short stories, letters,
educational texts, all those texts we read from the
beginning to the end, are linear texts.
“
https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-linear-and-nonlinear-text/

6. Non-linear text

7. The readers do not have to go through
the text in a sequential manner in order to
make sense of the text.
“Non-Linear text

8. . Most people consider texts with visuals or
graphs along with it as examples for nonlinear
texts.
“Non-Linear text
https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-linear-and-nonlinear-text/

9. EXAMPLES OF NON-LINEAR TEXT

10. Charts or Graphs.

11. These are the representation of data
represented by symbols or legends
“Charts or Graphs

12. Different kinds of
Graphs or Charts.

13. CONCEPT DIAGRAM
A diagram that shows suggested
relationships between concepts.
“Typically represents ideas
and information as boxes and
circle and uses lines to show
the relationship between
them.”

15. When you draw a concept map you’re actually
creating a visual image of that subject. A visual
that you can analyze to check your understanding
of a subject.
“Concept maps
https://creately.com/blog/diagrams/concept-maps-for-studying/

16. Concept maps are superior in that sense
because not only they improve processing of
facts but also understanding of facts.
“Concept maps
https://creately.com/blog/diagrams/concept-maps-for-studying/

17. LINE GRAPHS
“A common type of chart which
displays the information as a series of
data points connected by line
segments to show trends”
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
Chart Title
Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

19. A line graph is a graphical display of
information that changes continuously over
time.
“Line Graphs
https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-line-graph-definition-examples.html

20. BAR GRAPH
A chart which presents data
with rectangular bars with
differ in their sizes.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Category 1 Category 2
example
Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

22. A bar graph may run horizontally or vertically. The
important thing to know is that the longer the bar, the
greater its value.
“BarGraphs
https://www.smartdraw.com/bar-graph/

23. Bar graphs are better for comparing larger changes or
differences in data among groups.
“BarGraphs
https://www.smartdraw.com/bar-graph/

24. HISTOGRAM
A graphical distribution of the
distribution of numerical data.
It has no gaps between bars.

26. “Histogram
https://www.smartdraw.com/bar-graph/
A histogram is similar in appearance to a bar chart, but
instead of comparing categories or looking for trends over
time, each bar represents how data is distributed in a single
category.

27. PIE GRAPH
A circular chart which is
divided into slices or
portions to illustrate
proportion

28. “Pie Chart
https://www.smartdraw.com/bar-graph/
A pie chart is a graphic that shows the breakdown of items in
a set as percentages by presenting them as slices of a pie.
The key to a pie chart is that all of the slices must equal
100%.

29. Venn Diagram
A Venn diagram is a visual
depiction of the similarities
and differences between two
or more different items. It
consists of a series of shapes -
usually circles - whose edges
overlap.