The document summarizes a classroom observation of an English lesson on linear and non-linear texts. The teacher introduced the concepts of linear and non-linear texts, provided examples of each, and had students practice transcoding between the two text types. Students were then grouped and assigned to transcode passages into different non-linear text formats like sequence charts, Venn diagrams, bar graphs and pie charts.

1. Classroom Observation 2 2022-2023
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VI-Division of Antique
LIRIO M. ESCAÑO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Carit-an, Patnongon, Antique
Quarter 2: Module 7 PHASE:
Inductive Teaching, Art
of Questioning,
Cooperative Learning
DATE: January 13, 2023
WEEK NO. 7 DAY:Friday
TOPIC: LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR TEXTS
REFERENCE/S:
English SLM page
RESOURCE/S NEEDED:
English Module, English 7 MELC, chalk, eraser, marker, manila paper, pictures, PowerPoint presentation
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner demonstrates understanding of: Philippine literature during the
Period of Apprenticeship as a means of examining conflicts; various purposeful
listening and viewing strategies; difference between literal and figurative
language; ways to extract and condense information based on library sources;
verbal and non-verbal cues in oral communication; and types of phrases,
clauses, and sentences
PERFORMANCE
STANDARD
The learner transfers learning by: resolving conflicts presented in literary
selections; using tools and mechanisms in locating library resources; extracting
information and noting details from texts to write a précis, summary, or
paraphrase; distinguishing between and using literal and figurative language
and verbal and non-verbal cues; use phrases, clauses, and sentences
meaningfully and appropriately.
I. LEARNING COMPETENCIES/OBJECTIVES:
In this learning session, the learners should be able to:
A. Focus Skill/s
1. MELC 14: Transcode information from linear to non-linear texts and vice-versa
B. Support Skill/s
1. differentiate linear and non-linear text;
2. Distinguish the different types of non-linear texts; and,
3. Transcode linear text to non-linear text and vice versa
4. II. LEARNING PROCEDURE
***Preliminary Activities/Daily Routine
 Greetings
 Checking of attendance
 Classroom Rules and Regulation
 Checking of assignment
 Review
1. It is a database of facts or anything that might inform a person about any given topic.
2. What are the different types of information sources?
3. This type of information source is use to find current information about international, national and
local events.
4. It is use to look for reliable and accurate information
5. This type of information source allows you to access most type of information on the internet.
(Answers: 1-Information Source, 2-Books, Encyclopedia, magazine ect. 3- newspaper,4- books, 5-
Internet)

2. Classroom Observation 2 2022-2023
Activity
MOTIVATION: Watch a short video clip about “Water Cycle”.
1. What is the video all about?
2. How is rain formed?
3. What is evaporation?
4. What is water cycle?
Sequence the following stages of Water Cycle based on the video.
Linear Text Non-Linear Text
Answer the following questions:
1. What is the difference between the two pictures?
2. Which do you think is easy to interpret or can be easily read?
3. Which of the following picture need more time to finish reading? Why?
4. Which do you think is an example of linear text and non-linear text?
GAME: Can you guess it to win it?
LTTEER ELIN PHRAG EMSPO
NVEN GRADIAM BLEAT NSEWPERPA

3. Classroom Observation 2 2022-2023
TBOOSKEXT ONVELS EPI PHGRA
Let’s classify them.
What do we call them? They are TEXTUAL AIDS!
TEXTUAL AIDS are educational instruments that uses graphical outlines or images that give the
general idea of the topic. Textual aids could either be linear or non-linear text.
ABSTRACTION
Presentation of the lesson
LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR TEXT
Based on our activity, the pictures on group A are linear texts, on the other hand, the pictures
on group B are non-linear texts.
Understanding the differences between linear and non-linear texts is an essential skill as
we encounter these texts almost every day. The main difference between the two lies in the way
the text is read or processed by an individual. Experts call this pattern of reading a material as
reading path. Let us differentiate linear text from non-linear texts using the table below.
LINEAR TEXT NON-LINEAR TEXT
DEFINITION It refers to traditional texts that
need to be read from
beginning to the end.
It refers to texts that do not
need to be read from
beginning to the end.
READING PATH There is only ONE reading
path, which is decided by the
author.
There are multiple reading
paths. They are determined by
the reader.
EFFICIENCY It may take time to find the
information readers are
searching for.
It does not take time because
it allows readers to find more
information efficiently.
EXAMPLES Novels, poems, letters,
textbooks, news reports,
essays
Tables, pie charts, flow charts,
pictures, diagrams, character
maps, sequence charts
Process Questions:
1. What is the difference between linear text from non-linear text in terms of reading path?
2. Based on the examples, in what subject areas can we usually see linear texts? Non-linear
texts?
FOR NON-LINEAR TEXTS
1. LINE GRAPH is a graphical display that uses line to represent the data on continuously
changes over a specific amount or period of time.

4. Classroom Observation 2 2022-2023
2. BAR GRAPH is a graphical representation of data that uses bars to compare data among
categories. Such bars may run either vertically or horizontally.
3. PIE GRAPH is a circular statistical graphic that is divided into slices to illustrate numerical
proportions or percentages of a given whole.
4. VENN DIAGRAM this is used to identify, classify, categorize, and recognize similarities
and differences.
5. FLOW CHART is a sequence chart that shows series of events in order. The arrows signify
the flow of events.

5. Classroom Observation 2 2022-2023
Process Questions:
1. Why do non-linear texts are effective in reading?
2. Which of the following non-linear texts are you familiar with? Where do you usually see
these non-linear texts?
3. As a student, what is the importance of learning linear texts and non-linear texts?
TRANSCODING LINEAR TO NON-LINEAR TEXTS AND VICE VERSA
To transcode means to transform something from one form to another. In order to transcode a
linear to a non-linear text or the other way around, one must first be able to fully understand what
the source text is about. This way, deciding on the proper text type to be used in the transcoding
process will be easier.
To transcode a linear text to a non-linear text, one may follow these steps:
Step 1. Read and understand the source text to get its main or central ideas.
Step 2. Extract important details to be included in the visual presentation.
Step 3. Remember to use key words or phrases only.
Step 4. To be organized, classify information into categories.
Step 5. Make sure to use the appropriate non-linear text in presenting your information.
Read the text below. Answer the following questions provided.
Sharks and whales are a classic example of two different animals revealing
similar traits in the same environment. One of the similarities of these two
marine animals is their habitat. They both live in the vast range of depth in
their environment. They also have the same fin structure. They only have a
single tail for propulsion and because they are both large aquatic animals,
they both consume large volume of food, however, sharks hunt for their
food. Whales do not have this hunting tendency. Another difference of
sharks to whales is their class. Whales are mammals while sharks are fish
but they both live in the ocean. Also, whales have bones while sharks only
have cartilages. https://brainly.in/question/25753928
Process Questions:
1. Based on the text, what is the similarity between Sharks and Whales?
2. What is the difference between Sharks and Whales?
3. If the paragraph suggests similarities and differences between Sharks and Whales, what
non-linear text should be used to illustrate its similarities and differences?
4. Using the information lifted from the paragraph, transcode the linear text into Venn Diagram
using the statements lifted from the paragraph.
Statements:
- live in vast range and depth -do not hunt food -hunt for food
- fin structure -mammals -fish
- single tail -bones -cartilages
- large aquatic animals
- consume large volume of food
SHARKS
-hunt for food
-fish
-cartilages
WHALES
- do not hunt food
- mammals
- -bones
-live in vast
range and depth
-large aquatic
animal
-fin structure
-single tail
-consume large
volume of food

6. Classroom Observation 2 2022-2023
APPLICATION
Group the class into 4 groups. Choose a leader per group and get a card from your teacher. Be ready to
present your task in class. The task will be graded using the rubric provided:
Group 1
Make a sequence chart based from this paragraph:
What are you going to do if your clothes caught fire during an emergency situation? Here are the things
you should do: First, stop where you are – moving or running feeds air to the flames and worsens the
fire. Next, drop to the floor – if you stand up, the fire can burn your face. Fold your arms high on your
chest to protect your face. Then, roll slowly on the floor or ground, in a rug or blanket if you can.
Afterwards, cool off as soon as possible with water for first- and second-degree burns. Finally, to
escape fire, get down low and go.
https://www.edrawsoft.com/graphicorganizer/using-sequence-chart-teaching.html
Group 2
Make a Venn Diagram based from this paragraph:
Impressionism and Expressionism are art movements that appeared around the 20th century in
Europe. Both focus on painting styles. Impressionism emerged during the late 19th century in Paris
whereas expressionism emerged during the early 20th century in Germany and Austria. Moreover,
impressionist artists paid special attention to the depiction of the impression of light and its changing
effect, while expressionist artists paid special attention to the depiction of emotion the subject arouses
in the artist.
https://pediaa.com/what-is-the-difference-between-impressionism-and-expressionism/
Group 3
The bar graph shows the number of coronavirus (COVID-19) cases in the Philippines as of April 2,
2020 by gender. Transcode the bar graph into a short paragraph:
Group 4
The pie graph shows the family budget plan of Mrs. Reyes. Transcode the pie graph into a short
paragraph:

7. Classroom Observation 2 2022-2023
RUBRICS FOR GROUP PRESENTATION
DELIVERY 10 points
COLLABORATION 10 points
20 points
Assessment
Read and understand the following questions. Then, choose the correct answer. Write the letters only.
HOMEWORK (Assignment)
In your notebook, write a paragraph about ‘My Daily Study Plan’. Afterwards, use an appropriate non-
linear text for the said topic. Be ready to share your work to the class.
III. REMARKS
Ratee:
Ms. Nelissa Pearl S. Coloma
English 7 Teacher
Rater:
Mrs. Cheryl D. Villanueva
Principal II