2. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this lesson you are expected to:
a. Determine the effects of textual aids like timeline in
understanding a text;
b. illustrate concepts and ideas from a text using textual
aids; and
c. appreciate the importance of textual aids in
understanding a text.
3. What is a Timeline?
•A timeline is a type of graphic organizer that
shows specific events in sequence, usually
with dates, in a linear fashion.
•Timelines are particularly useful for studying
or reviewing history, because the timeline
will display major events over a period of
time.
4. The following are sample illustrations of a
timeline graphic organizer:
6. What is concept Map?
• A concept map is a visual representation of
knowledge.
• It shows concepts and ideas and the relationships
among them are usually connected by arrows.
• It was developed by Joseph D. Novak and his
research team in the 1970’s as a means of
representing the emerging science knowledge of
students.
8. What is concept Map?
•It also helps you doing memory recall, clarify and
structure ideas. memory recall, clarify and structure
ideas.
•Concept map is created by writing key words
enclosed in shapes such as circles, boxes, triangles,
etc. and drawing arrows between the ideas that are
related then adding short explanation to concepts
that are related.
10. What is Non-linear Illustration?
•Texts with visuals or graphs along with it as
examples such as flowcharts, pie chart, bar
graphs, graphic organizers and story maps.
11. What are the types of Non- linear Illustration?
1. Tables
2. Pie Graph
3. Bar Graph
12. 1. Tables
•is an arrangement of information in
rows and columns containing cells
that make comparing and contrasting
information easier.
14. 2. Pie Chart
•A pie chart displays data and information in
an easy-to-read 'pie-slice' format with varying
slice sizes telling you how much of one data
element exists.
16. 3. Bar Graph
•It is a chart that uses bars to show
comparisons between categories of
information.
•The bars can be either horizontal or vertical.
•A bar graph will have two axes. One axis will
describe the types of categories being
compared, and the other will have numerical
values that represent the values of the data.
18. • THE TITLE - tells us what us what the graph is the
graph is about.
• THE LABELS - tell us what kinds of facts are listed.
• THE BARS - show the facts.
• GRID LINES - are used to create the scale.
• CATEGORIES - each bar shows a quantity for a
particular category.