This thesis work is to provide advance level solution for the 4 wheeler wheels to provide unpuncherd and self-shock observed wheels.US defense recently lance honey comb tweels for the military vehicles, this project motto is to evaluate different types of tweels (shaped rims and tyres) to provide best shape and geometry for the tweels for two wheelers. Data collection will be done and literature survey will be done on wheels constriction, wheel materials to understand methodology for new research. Different tweel models will be prepared with the variation in tweel geometry then export into Ansys to conduct analysis work. Fatigue analysis will be done to evaluate total life for different tweels with variation of materials to suggest optimum shape for wheel.
This is a final year seminar report on the topic Non-pneumatic airless tyres prepared along with seminar ppt and can be useful for someonr with similliar topic
This is a final year seminar report on the topic Non-pneumatic airless tyres prepared along with seminar ppt and can be useful for someonr with similliar topic
“Tweel” is nothing but a air less (or) Non pneaumatic tyres
Airless tyres or Non-pneumatic tyres (NPT) , are tyres that are not supported by air pressure.
Airless Tyres or Non-pneumatic Tyres (NPT) , are tyres that are not supported by air pressure. It replaces all the components, comprised of a rigid hub, connected to a shear band by means of flexible, de formable polyurethane spokes, all functioning as a single unit. The flexible design acts like an air filled tyre with similar ride and comfort
The wheel is probably the most important mechanical invention of all time. The wheel has been continuously driving our civilisation like a catalyst in a chemical reaction. Nearly every machine built since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution involves a single basic principle embodied in one of the mankind’s truly significant inventions.
Tyre is a hoop that covers a wheel, around the wheel rim to protect it and enabling better vehicle performance by providing a flexible cushion that absorbs shock while keeping the wheel in close contact with the ground.
Creating a new non-pneumatic design for tyres has more positive implications than one might think. For one thing, there are huge safety benefits. Having an airless tyre means there is no possibility of a blowout, which, in turn, means the number of highway accidents will but cut significantly. Even for situations such as Humvees in the military, utilising non-pneumatic tyres has a great positive impact on safety. Tyres are the weak point in military vehicles and are often targeted with explosives. If these vehicles used airless tyres, this would no longer be a concern.
There is also an environmental benefit to using this type of tyre. Since they never go flat and can be retreaded, airless tyres will not have to be thrown away and replaced nearly as often as pneumatic tyres. This will cut down landfill mass significantly.
Because of the benefits, I believe that it is extremely important that research and production of airless tyres are continued and increased. This type of innovation works well in conjunction with several engineering codes of ethics, and thus should be embraced by engineers everywhere. Cars are things that people use every day, so any improvements over existing designs would affect the lives of the majority of people. Learning about such a topic, therefore, I believe holds extreme value- especially for us freshmen engineering students. In doing research for these kinds of topics that hold significant meaning, we can see that what we will do can make a difference.
The report of new type of airless tyre made by michelin tweel technology ,its a mechanical engineering seminar topic, its ppt is also available in site
This presentation is all about the latest innovation of the air -free tire concept by BRIDGESTONE, in the automobile sector. this will tell us how such tires actually works and has an edge over normal and tubeless tires.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF HEAVY VEHICLE CHASSIS USING HONEY COMB STRUCTUREIjripublishers Ijri
Automotive chassis is a skeletal frame on which various mechanical parts like engine, tires, axle assemblies, brakes,
steering etc. are bolted. The chassis is considered to be the most significant component of an automobile. It is the most
crucial element that gives strength and stability to the vehicle under different conditions.
This thesis deals with the design optimization and material suggestion for heavy vehicle chassis (container vehicle).
In the first step literature survey will be conducted for further processes (for the selection of material and geometric
selection).
In the next step modeling will be done to carry out the analysis. Structural Analysis will be conducted using traditional
material M.S; Composite materials FRP (E-glass)& Carbon epoxy (S-2 glass), also analysis will be conducted on present
and updated models.
In the next step impact test and fatigue analysis will be conducted on same to find impact and fatigue characteristics.
Objective: By doing this project chassis manufacturing company can save time & efforts because of easy manufacturing
method. End user can save money on chassis purchase and savings on reduced fuel consumption due to low weight of
chassis with composites
“Tweel” is nothing but a air less (or) Non pneaumatic tyres
Airless tyres or Non-pneumatic tyres (NPT) , are tyres that are not supported by air pressure.
Airless Tyres or Non-pneumatic Tyres (NPT) , are tyres that are not supported by air pressure. It replaces all the components, comprised of a rigid hub, connected to a shear band by means of flexible, de formable polyurethane spokes, all functioning as a single unit. The flexible design acts like an air filled tyre with similar ride and comfort
The wheel is probably the most important mechanical invention of all time. The wheel has been continuously driving our civilisation like a catalyst in a chemical reaction. Nearly every machine built since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution involves a single basic principle embodied in one of the mankind’s truly significant inventions.
Tyre is a hoop that covers a wheel, around the wheel rim to protect it and enabling better vehicle performance by providing a flexible cushion that absorbs shock while keeping the wheel in close contact with the ground.
Creating a new non-pneumatic design for tyres has more positive implications than one might think. For one thing, there are huge safety benefits. Having an airless tyre means there is no possibility of a blowout, which, in turn, means the number of highway accidents will but cut significantly. Even for situations such as Humvees in the military, utilising non-pneumatic tyres has a great positive impact on safety. Tyres are the weak point in military vehicles and are often targeted with explosives. If these vehicles used airless tyres, this would no longer be a concern.
There is also an environmental benefit to using this type of tyre. Since they never go flat and can be retreaded, airless tyres will not have to be thrown away and replaced nearly as often as pneumatic tyres. This will cut down landfill mass significantly.
Because of the benefits, I believe that it is extremely important that research and production of airless tyres are continued and increased. This type of innovation works well in conjunction with several engineering codes of ethics, and thus should be embraced by engineers everywhere. Cars are things that people use every day, so any improvements over existing designs would affect the lives of the majority of people. Learning about such a topic, therefore, I believe holds extreme value- especially for us freshmen engineering students. In doing research for these kinds of topics that hold significant meaning, we can see that what we will do can make a difference.
The report of new type of airless tyre made by michelin tweel technology ,its a mechanical engineering seminar topic, its ppt is also available in site
This presentation is all about the latest innovation of the air -free tire concept by BRIDGESTONE, in the automobile sector. this will tell us how such tires actually works and has an edge over normal and tubeless tires.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF HEAVY VEHICLE CHASSIS USING HONEY COMB STRUCTUREIjripublishers Ijri
Automotive chassis is a skeletal frame on which various mechanical parts like engine, tires, axle assemblies, brakes,
steering etc. are bolted. The chassis is considered to be the most significant component of an automobile. It is the most
crucial element that gives strength and stability to the vehicle under different conditions.
This thesis deals with the design optimization and material suggestion for heavy vehicle chassis (container vehicle).
In the first step literature survey will be conducted for further processes (for the selection of material and geometric
selection).
In the next step modeling will be done to carry out the analysis. Structural Analysis will be conducted using traditional
material M.S; Composite materials FRP (E-glass)& Carbon epoxy (S-2 glass), also analysis will be conducted on present
and updated models.
In the next step impact test and fatigue analysis will be conducted on same to find impact and fatigue characteristics.
Objective: By doing this project chassis manufacturing company can save time & efforts because of easy manufacturing
method. End user can save money on chassis purchase and savings on reduced fuel consumption due to low weight of
chassis with composites
Analysis of a Drive Shaft for Automobile ApplicationsIOSR Journals
This study deals with optimization of drive shaft using the ANSYS. Substitution of Titanium drive shafts over the conventional steel material for drive shaft has increasing the advantages of design due to its high specific stiffness, strength and low weight. Drive shaft is the main component of drive system of an automobile. Use of conventional steel for manufacturing of drive shaft has many disadvantages such as low specific stiffness and strength. Many methods are available at present for the design optimization of structural systems. This paper discusses the past work done on drive shafts using ANSYS and design and modal analysis of shafts made of Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-7Nb).
Design, analysis and performance evaluation of a mechanical gyratorIjrdt Journal
The project focuses on the development of an efficient and safe system for navigation for disabled people. Such a system should enable the user to control with minimum effort and should be stable in all practical situations. A gyrator is neither a motorcycle nor a four wheeler. It is a vehicle made up of an inner frame which is encompassed and supported by two large coaxially aligned wheels. The inner frame is supported by a common axle as a result, is free to oscillate back and forth relative to outer wheels. The inherent instability has limited its potential as a commercially available vehicle. But by reducing this oscillation to an optimum value by incorporating internal braking, we could make a very stable navigation system. In order to achieve motion, a shift in the centre of gravity of the inner frame is required. Two independent electric motors provide the driving torque to gearbox which drives the large outer wheels. This unique design gives the vehicle a clear advantage over conventional 4wheeled and 2wheeled vehicles as it has zero turning radius. Key word:- Inflation Pressure, Pressure switch ,Pressure guage, Solenoid control valve, DC Compressor.
INVESTIGATION OF COMPOSITE TORSION SHAFT USING MATERIAL MATRIX IN FEAIjripublishers Ijri
have found application in many areas of daily life for quite some time. Often it is not realized that the application makes
use of composite materials.
This research attempt is made to evaluate the sustainability of composite material such as FRP (fiber rein forced polymer)
and CRFP (carbon reinforced fiber polymer) epoxy/glass for the purpose of automotive transmission application
using finite element method in Ansys.
Initially literature review will be done to understand the approach.
3D model will be prepared to carryout analysis on model.
Structural and vibrational analysis will be done by implementing different layer orientations on FRP & CRFP’S.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Design optimization of excavator bucket using Finite Element MethodIjripublishers Ijri
An excavator is a typical hydraulic heavy-duty human-operated machine used in general versatile construction operations,
such as digging, ground leveling, carrying loads, dumping loads and straight traction. Normally backhoe excavators
are working under worst working conditions. Due to severe working conditions, excavator parts are subjected to
high loads and must work reliably under unpredictable working conditions. Thus, it is necessary for the designers to
provide not only an equipment of maximum reliability but also of minimum weight and cost, keeping design safe under
all loading conditions.
LOCOMOTIVE WHEEL ASSEMBLY DESIGN OPTIMIZATION USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSISIjripublishers Ijri
Underground mining is the regular happening work around the world, mainly in India for coal, iron ore, gypsum
etc…………..
Transportation of the material is the major criteria for underground mining most commonly locomotive trolleys, belt
conveyors (or) screw type conveyors are used to carry the material from underground to surface.
Locomotive trolleys are the most efficient transportation system for underground system even for human transportation
also it can be used.
Now all the mining companies are using belt type (or) screw type conveyors because of regular maintenance (or) replacement
of locomotive trolleys, but screw conveyors and belt type conveyors are making heavily wastage falling from belt
conveyors and crushed wastage from screw conveyor.
This project deals with design optimization for improving the life of locomotive trolley.
3D models will be prepared according to company standards.
FEM based analysis will be conducted on assembly to find the location of maximum stress.
Static and model analysis will be carried out by applying suitable materials and modifying part by observing the above
analysis.
structural and modal analysis of an engine block by varying materialsIjripublishers Ijri
The largest part of the engine is cylinder block. The upper section of the cylinder block consists of cylinders and pistons. Crankcase is supported by the crankshaft and it is placed in the lower section. Aluminum cylinder blocks are lighter than the cast-iron cylinder blocks of the same size. Cylinder block, pistons, cylinder head, crankshaft and connecting rods are the major elements of the engine. IC engine cooling uses either a liquid or gas to remove the unnecessary heat from an internal combustion engine. For special purpose and small engines, air cooling makes for a lightweight and relatively simple system, if we use the materials with better waste heat dissipation it will help in achieving better efficiencies and long life of the engine.
http://www.ijriset.com/pdf/mech/VOLUME%203/IJRI-ME-03-033/IJRI-ME-03-033%20STRUCTURAL%20AND%20MODAL%20ANALYSIS%20OF%20AN%20ENGINE%20BLOCK%20BY%20VARYING%20MATERIALS.html#
http://www.ijriset.com/pdf/mech/VOLUME%203/IJRI-ME-03-033/IJRI-ME-03-033%20STRUCTURAL%20AND%20MODAL%20ANALYSIS%20OF%20AN%20ENGINE%20BLOCK%20BY%20VARYING%20MATERIALS.pdf
simulation and analysis of 4 stroke single cylinder direct injection diesel e...Ijripublishers Ijri
A zero dimensional model has been used as a model to investigate the combustion performance of a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine fuelled by high speed diesel. The numerical simulation was performed at different speeds and compression ratios. The pressure, temperature diagrams vs crank angle are plotted. The simulation model includes sub models for various frictional pressure losses, fuel inflow rate with crank angle.
A solution procedure is developed for solving the available equations using numerical methods. An appropriate C++ code is written for brake power, friction power, indicated power, brake thermal efficiency are simulated. Experiment was conducted on available four stroke diesel engine and the model is validated.
KEYWORDS: Simulation model, combustion performance, zero dimensional model, numerical simulation, indicated power, brake power, brake thermal efficiency, friction power.
investigation on thermal properties of epoxy composites filled with pine app...Ijripublishers Ijri
he present paper deals with the effect of volume fraction of fillers on the thermal Properties of polymer composites. This work sees an opportunity of enhancement on insulation capability of a typical fiber reinforced polymer composite. To validate this mathematical model, a set of epoxy based composites, with fiber content ranging 4.38 to 20.10% of volume fractions have been prepared by simple hand lay-up technique. For preparing the composite, natural fiber i.e. Pine apple leaf fibers are incorporated in Epoxy Resin. Thermal conductivities of these composite samples are measured as per ASTM standard E-1530 by using the Unitherm™ Model 2022 tester, which operates on the double guarded heat flow principle at the temperature ranging from 30˚C to 150˚C. And also the Specific Heat of the powdered samples are measured by using Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). By using the MATLAB the numerical analysis is carried out to find the value of Thermal Diffusivity with varying temperatures. It was observed that the thermal diffusivity varies with fiber concentration, but the variation of thermal diffusivity with varying temperature was not so significant.
KEYWORDS: Pine Apple Leaf fiber, Epoxy Composites, Volume Fraction, Thermal Properties.
Ijricit 01-008 confidentiality strategy deduction of user-uploaded pictures o...Ijripublishers Ijri
With the growing quantity of pictures users distribute from node to node social networks, retaining confidentiality has turn out to be a foremost predicament, as declared by a latest wave of made known occurrences wherever users unintentionally shared individual profile. In radiance of these occurrences made necessitate of tools to assist users organize access to their distributed data is evident. In the direction of speak to this requirement, we suggest an Adaptive Privacy Policy forecast (A3P) scheme to facilitate users compile confidentiality settings for their pictures. We observe the responsibility of communal context, picture content, and metadata as possible sign of users’ confidentiality preference. We recommend a two-level structure which according to the user’s obtainable times past on the site, establishs the most excellent obtainable confidentiality policy for the user’s pictures being uploaded. Our solution relies on an image classification framework for image categories which may be associated with similar policies, and on a policy prediction algorithm to automatically generate a policy for each newly uploaded image, also according to users’ social features. Over time, the generated policies will follow the evolution of users’ privacy attitude. We provide the results of our extensive evaluation over 5,000 policies, which demonstrate the effectiveness of our system, with prediction accuracies over 90 percent.
public truthfulness assessment for shared active cloud data storage with grou...Ijripublishers Ijri
The arrival of the cloud computing constructs cloud storage outsourcing turns out to be a mounting drift, which encourages the protected isolated data inspection an burning subject that materialize in the investigation writing. Newly a quantity of investigation regard as the trouble of protected and proficient public data truthfulness inspection for shared active data. Though, these methods are still not protected against the consent of cloud storage space server and invalidated group users through user invalidation in realistic cloud storage space method. Thus here in this paper, we Identify the conspiracy assault in the obtainable method and offer an well-organized public truthfulness inspection method with protected group user invalidation based on vector assurance and verifier-local invalidation group signature. We propose a tangible plan based on the our method explanation. Our method chains the public examination and well-organized user revocation and also some nice properties, such as confidently, efficiency, countability and traceability of secure group user invalidation. Finally, the security and experimental analysis show that,compared with its appropriate methods our scheme is also safe and well-organized.
Ijricit 01-006 a secluded approval on clould storage proceedingsIjripublishers Ijri
In available practically proven Data clustering practices for eradicating same copies of replicated data, Data de-replication is one of significant mechanisms, and has been extensively practiced in cloud storage to diminish the quantity of storage space and accumulate bandwidth. To guard the privacy of responsive data though sustaining de-replication, the convergent encryption technique has been anticipated to encrypt the data before redirecting. For an improvised shielding of data safety, this paper formulates the primary effort to formally speak to the problem of approved data de-replication. Diverse from conventional de-replication systems, the discrepancy privileges of users are auxiliary considered in replica verification besides the data itself. In this we introduce several novel de-replication structural methods in sustaining approved replica test in hybrid cloud architecture. Safety examination demonstrates that our system is protected in terms of the description particular in the anticipated security model. As an evidence of perception, we execute a model of our anticipated approved replica check method and perform test-bed research using our model. We demonstrate that our anticipated approved replica check method acquire minimal overhead evaluated to standard procedures.
Jiri ece-01-03 adaptive temporal averaging and frame prediction based surveil...Ijripublishers Ijri
Global interconnect planning becomes a challenge as semiconductor technology continuously scales. Because of the increasing wire resistance and higher capacitive coupling in smaller features, the delay of global interconnects becomes large compared with the delay of a logic gate, introducing a huge performance gap that needs to be resolved A novel equalized global link architecture and driver– receiver co design flow are proposed for high-speed and low-energy on-chip communication by utilizing a continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE). The proposed global link is analyzed using a linear system method, and the formula of CTLE eye opening is derived to provide high-level design guidelines and insights.
Compared with the separate driver–receiver design flow, over 50% energy reduction is observed.
Ijri ece-01-02 image enhancement aided denoising using dual tree complex wave...Ijripublishers Ijri
This paper presents a novel way to reduce noise introduced or exacerbated by image enhancement methods, in particular algorithms based on the random spray sampling technique, but not only. According to the nature of sprays, output images of spray-based methods tend to exhibit noise with unknown statistical distribution. To avoid inappropriate assumptions on the statistical characteristics of noise, a different one is made. In fact, the non-enhanced image is considered to be either free of noise or affected by non-perceivable levels of noise. Taking advantage of the higher sensitivity of the human visual system to changes in brightness, the analysis can be limited to the luma channel of both the non-enhanced and enhanced image. Also, given the importance of directional content in human vision, the analysis is performed through the dual-tree complex wavelet transform , lanczos interpolator and edge preserving smoothing filters. Unlike the discrete wavelet transform, the DTWCT allows for distinction of data directionality in the transform space. For each level of the transform, the standard deviation of the non-enhanced image coefficients is computed across the six orientations of the DTWCT, then it is normalized.
Keywords: dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTWCT), lanczos interpolator, edge preserving smoothing filters.
Ijri ece-01-01 joint data hiding and compression based on saliency and smvqIjripublishers Ijri
Global interconnect planning becomes a challenge as semiconductor technology continuously scales. Because of the increasing wire resistance and higher capacitive coupling in smaller features, the delay of global interconnects becomes large compared with the delay of a logic gate, introducing a huge performance gap that needs to be resolved A novel equalized global link architecture and driver– receiver co design flow are proposed for high-speed and low-energy on-chip communication by utilizing a continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE). The proposed global link is analyzed using a linear system method, and the formula of CTLE eye opening is derived to provide high-level design guidelines and insights.
Compared with the separate driver–receiver design flow, over 50% energy reduction is observed.
Ijri te-03-011 performance testing of vortex tubes with variable parametersIjripublishers Ijri
Conventional refrigeration system is a type of refrigeration systems which are costly; noisy, harmful gases released from a machine based on application of this type of system and it is required more maintenance. So, we need to go for unconventional refrigeration systems like vortex tube refrigeration system, which produce less vibrations and which require less maintenance and which are noiseless. It is required for our mechanical engineers to look for enhancing the performance of such vortex tubes. So as a part of my project work, I have chosen various sizes of vortex tubes and test their performances for finding out optimum performance. We will be testing the performance of vortex tubes with different ‘l/d’ ratios and different cold fractions, with different pressures and different nozzle sizes.
a prediction of thermal properties of epoxy composites filled with pine appl...Ijripublishers Ijri
The present paper deals with the effect of volume fraction of fillers on the thermal Properties of polymer composites. This work sees an opportunity of enhancement on insulation capability of a typical fiber reinforced polymer composite. To validate this mathematical model, a set of epoxy based composites, with fiber content ranging 4.38 to 20.10% of volume fractions have been prepared by simple hand lay-up technique. For preparing the composite, natural fiber i.e. Pine apple leaf fibers are incorporated in Epoxy Resin. Thermal conductivities of these composite samples are measured as per ASTM standard E-1530 by using the Unitherm™ Model 2022 tester, which operates on the double guarded heat flow principle at the temperature ranging from 30˚C to 150˚C. And also the Specific Heat of the powdered samples are measured by using Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). By using the MATLAB the numerical analysis is carried out to find the value of Thermal Diffusivity with varying temperatures. It was observed that the thermal diffusivity varies with fiber concentration, but the variation of thermal diffusivity with varying temperature was not so significant.
KEYWORDS: Pine Apple Leaf fiber, Epoxy Composites, Volume Fraction, Thermal Properties
Ijri te-03-013 modeling and thermal analysis of air-conditioner evaporatorIjripublishers Ijri
Air conditioning evaporator works by absorb heat from the area (medium) that need to be cooled. It does that by maintaining the evaporator coil at low temperature and pressure than the surrounding air. Since, the AC evaporator coil contains refrigerant that absorbs heat from the surrounding air, the refrigerant temperature must be lower than the air.
In our project we have modeling an air-cooled evaporator for a home 1.5ton air conditioner. Presently the material used for coils is copper and the material used for fins is copper or aluminum. A 3D model of the evaporator is done in parametric software Pro/Engineer.
To validate the temperatures and other thermal quantities like flux and gradient, thermal analysis is done on the evaporator coil by applying properties copper and suitable material like aluminum. And also we are varying inside cooling fluid Hydrocarbon (HC) and Hydro chloroflouro carbon (HCFC).The best material for the evaporator of our design can be checked by comparing the results.
Thermal analysis is done in ANSYS.
Ijri te-03-012 design and optimization of water cool condenser for central ai...Ijripublishers Ijri
Water-cooled chiller systems have typically been designed around entering condenser water temperatures of 85°F with a Optimization of Water - Cooled Chiller – Cooling Tower Combinations The warm water leaving the chilled water coils is pumped to the evaporator of the chiller, where the unwanted heat from the building is transferred by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant. The compressor of the chiller then compresses the refrigerant to a higher pressure, adding the heat of compression in the process. The high pressure refrigerant then moves to the economical condenser water flow of 3.0 USGPM/ton and a 10°F denser, where the unwanted heat is rerange. In recent years, there has been considerable debate on the merits of designing around lower condenser water flow rates with a higher range in order to improve system lifecycle costs. However, two other parameters must also be considered in any analysis - approach and design wet bulb. The question to be answered is: What nominal condenser water flow rate and approach is best from a first cost standpoint as well as from a full load energy standpoint at any given wet bulb.
Ijri me-02-031 predictive analysis of gate and runner system for plastic inje...Ijripublishers Ijri
The aim of the project work is to specify optimum design of runner and gate systems to enhance the production rate for plastic part manufacturing. Literature survey will be done on runner and gate system to understand simulation or analysis approach. Data collection will be done to brief about runner and gate system importance, design method and variations. Plastic flow analysis will be done on digital prototype of a specimen by various runner and gate profiles and also done by changing materials. The optimum profiles for the runner and gate system will be suggested by comparing flow results with specific materials and profiles.
The dispersed mobile-health concern in cloud computing significantly make easy protected and well-organized patient
treatment for medical discussion by distributional individual health data amongst the health concern contributors. This
scheme should fetch about the confront of maintening both the data privacy and patient’s individuality confidentiality
concurrently. Many conventional access control and unidentified verification methods cannot be directly exploited. To
resolve the trouble proposed a district approved accessible confidential model (AACM) is recognized. Patients can give
permission to physicians by setting an permission tree sustaining bendable threshold predicates. Then related to that,
by formulating a novel procedure of attribute based nominated authenticator signature, a patient self-driven multi-stage
confidentiality safeguard supportive verification scheme (PSCSV) understanding three levels of protection and confidentiality
necessity in distributed mobile-health concern cloud computing system is anticipated. The directly approved
physicians, the obliquely approved physicians and the illegitimate persons in medical consultation can correspondingly
decode the personal health data and/or authenticate patient individualities by gratifying the admittance tree with their
own attribute sets.
Ijricit 01-004 progressive and translucent user individualityIjripublishers Ijri
password, unambiguous logouts and procedures of user session expiration using typical timeouts. upcoming biometric
mechanism permit alternates user-id and password with biometric information throughout session administration,
however that mechanism still a single authentication is considered adequate, and the individuality of a end-user is
deemed unchallengeable throughout the whole session. In Addition, the duration of the session time-out may effect on
the utilizability of the service and consequential consumer approval. In this paper we deals with guaranteed substitutes
obtainable by considering biometrics in the administration of sessions.
Thus we propose protected protocol is emphasized for continuous verification through perpetual user authentication.
This protocol emphasizes about adaptive timeouts in terms of the excellency, occurrence and type of biometric data
transparently obtained from the end-user. Illustration of operational behavior of the protocol is done through Matlab
simulations by base paper author, whereas model-based quantitative investigation is been carried out to review the
capability of the protocol to distinct security attack practiced by diverse kinds of attackers. In conclusion, the contemporary
prototype for PCs and Android smartphones is discussed.
Ijricit 01-002 enhanced replica detection in short time for large data setsIjripublishers Ijri
Similarity check of real world entities is a necessary factor in these days which is named as Data Replica Detection.
Time is an critical factor today in tracking Data Replica Detection for large data sets, without having impact over quality
of Dataset. In this we primarily introduce two Data Replica Detection algorithms , where in these contribute enhanced
procedural standards in finding Data Replication at limited execution periods.This contribute better improvised state
of time than conventional techniques . We propose two Data Replica Detection algorithms namely progressive sorted
neighborhood method (PSNM), which performs best on small and almost clean datasets, and progressive blocking (PB),
which performs best on large and very grimy datasets. Both enhance the efficiency of duplicate detection even on very
large datasets.
Ijricit 01-001 pipt - path backscatter mechanism for unveiling real location ...Ijripublishers Ijri
There is a necessity to think over IP traceback technique that help us to track or predict IP address details of malicious
attackers and reveal their actual locations. In spite of lot of research over IP traceback solutions, still there is a necessity
to find an optimal solution that could be implemented at the level of Internet. Real identity of spoofers couldn’t be
revealed by conventional techniques used until today. Through this paper we emphasize primarily on traceback of passive
IP (PIPT) that avoid the procedural risks involved in implementing IP traceback solutions. Path Backscatter (Internet
Control Message Protocol (ICMP) error messages) is probed by PIPT. Spoofing traffic fires these Backscatter, in order to
find the details of spoofer’s topological physical identity and bypasses procedural risks.
Impacts of normal mode and complication mode over Router topological structure are visualized. Nodal info tracker
over parameter i.e Bandwidth, digital sign, source IP, Dest IP and attack status on three network parameters. Spoofing
has been performed on IP addresses, packet data and bandwidth .These three parameter i.e IP addresses, packet data,
bandwidth status and topological nature are been demonstrated through technical stimulation. From the study made
we are able to assure optimized technique of traceback system through PIPT, in order to face the challenges of deployment
at internet level.
cfd analysis on ejector cooling system with variable throat geometryIjripublishers Ijri
The vapor jet ejector cooling cycle driven by waste heat. It is a very auspicious approach of producing ‘free cooling’ by utilizing low-grade energy sources. The mechanism behind the ejector-based on waste heat cooling is very unique, when compared to absorption or adsorption cooling technologies. They are also aimed at producing heat driven cooling. This type of ejector cooling system is actually more closely related to vapor compression technology.
In this paper simulations of a vapor-jet ejector operating with refregerent R134a as the working fluid by using CFD (computational fluid dynamics). The impact of varying geometry parameters on ejector performance will be considered. Different mixing section radii will be considered for the analysis.
3D modeling is done by using Catia V5 and analysis is done by Ansys fluent14.5.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
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CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
life prediction analysis of tweel for the replacement of traditional wheels
1. 207
International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
International Journal of Research and Innovation in
Mechanical Engineering (IJRIME)
LIFE PREDICTION ANALYSIS OF TWEEL FOR THE
REPLACEMENT OF TRADITIONAL WHEELS
Ramesh Babu Sangareddy1
, Rajesh Kumar2
, K.L. Kishore3
.
1 Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2 Assistant professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
3 Associate professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
*Corresponding Author:
Ramesh Babu Sangareddy,
Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Email: ramesh.sangareddy09@gmail.com
Year of publication: 2016
Review Type: peer reviewed
Volume: III, Issue : I
Citation: Ramesh Babu Sangareddy, Research Scholar, "Life
Prediction Analysis of Tweel For The Replacement of Traditional
Wheels" International Journal of Research and Innovation on
Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET) (2016) 207-212
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
Previously steel wheels are used to manufacture wheels
for the higher strength, but these alloy wheels are heavy
due to its density and also giving trouble to manufacture
because of its higher melting point and hard to do cast-
ing it. Weight is also playing crucial role in mileage. Af-
ter that aluminum and magnesium took the place for the
manufacturing of alloy wheel, but these alloy wheels are
not giving good life due to its low compressive and yield
strength.
As above these aluminum and magnesium wheels getting
yield (bends) at the larger run and also these types of ma-
terials are not permitting heavy loads. And puncher is the
common problem for all the Types tyres.
METHEDOLOGY
As observed above problem and literature survey new type
of alloy wheels are not permitting heavy loads and also
getting yield (bend) during bumps and pits in long run.
Hence in this project geometric optimization and new
model tweel is introduced in this project which is not hav-
ing tube instead of tube a rubber layer and self-shock
absorbing system is placed instead of alloy wheel.
INTRODUCTION
WHEEL
A wheel is a circular device that is capable of rotating
on its axis, facilitating movement or transportation while
supporting a load (mass), or performing labour in ma-
chines. Common examples are found in transport appli-
cations. A wheel, together with an axle overcomes friction
by facilitating motion by rolling. In order for wheels to ro-
tate, a moment needs to be applied to the wheel about its
axis, either by way of gravity, or by application of another
external force. More generally the term is also used for
other circular objects that rotate or turn, such as a ship's
wheel, steering wheel and flywheel.
TYPES OF WHEELS
There are only a few types of wheels still in use in the
automotive industry today. They vary significantly in size,
shape, and materials used, but all follow the same basic
principles.
TWEEL
An airless tire under development may eventually obso-
lete conventional air-filled tires. While Michelin research-
ers are still years away from offering a production ready
non-pneumatic tire with integrated wheel for passenger
vehicles, the unique construction of the tire-wheel combi-
nation— dubbed Tweel—represents a mobility milestone.
Tweel bypasses the need for tire pressure by a unique
use of specific components, mainly consisting of “a cable-
reinforced tread band of conventional tread rubber that
connects to a shear band to generate the contact patch
and replace inflation pressure. That, in turn, connects to
a hub via Michelin’s patented flexible, rectangular polyu-
rethane spokes.
“This mechanical structure provides weight-carrying abil-
ity, shock absorption, ride comfort, rolling resistance, and
mass similar to pneumatic tires, while adding suspension-
like characteristics that greatly improve handling,” said
Terry Gettys, President of Michelin Americas Research &
Development.
Abstract
This thesis work is to provide advance level solution for the 4 wheeler wheels to provide unpuncherd and self-shock
observed wheels.US defense recently lance honey comb tweels for the military vehicles, this project motto is to evalu-
ate different types of tweels (shaped rims and tyres) to provide best shape and geometry for the tweels for two wheel-
ers. Data collection will be done and literature survey will be done on wheels constriction, wheel materials to under-
stand methodology for new research. Different tweel models will be prepared with the variation in tweel geometry then
export into Ansys to conduct analysis work. Fatigue analysis will be done to evaluate total life for different tweels with
variation of materials to suggest optimum shape for wheel.
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
IMPORTANCE OF TWEEL TYRE OVER PNEUMATIC
TYRES
A pneumatic, or air-filled, tire is made of an airtight inner
core filled with pressurized air. A tread, usually reinforced
with steel belting or other materials, covers this inner core
and provides the contact area with the road. The pressure
of the air inside the tire is greater than atmospheric air
pressure, so the tire remains inflated even with the weight
of a vehicle resting on it. The tire’s air pressure provides
resistance against forces that try to deform the tire, but
it gives to a certain degree -a cushioning effect as the tire
hits bumps in the road. If you’ve ever taken a ride in an
old-fashioned carriage with wooden wheels, you know
what a difference a pneumatic tire makes. Pneumatic
tires do have drawbacks, especially in high-performance
or highly dangerous Applications.
MODEL OF ALLOY WHEEL STRIGHT CROSS MEMBER
The above image shows final model of Y-shaped tweel
MODEL OF WEB-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image shows final model of web shape tweel
MODEL OF HONEYCOMB TWEEL
The above image shows final model of honeycomb shape tweel
Material properties and boundary conditions Load cal-
culations:
Royal Enfield 350 Specifications
Length 2180 mm
Height 1080 mm
Width 790 mm
Wheel Base 1370 mm
Ground Clearance 135 mm
Kerb Weight 187 kg
Chassis Single Down tube, Using Engine
As Stressed Member
weight – (wc) = 187 kg’s
2 passengers - (wp) = 140 kg’s
=3207.87N
Area (A) = 24738.66 mm2
= 0.1296674920953681N/mm2
Therefore we are considering 10Mpa Constrained at
centre hub bolt system
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON STRAIGHT CROSS MEM-
BER TYPE ALUMINUM
The above image is the imported model of straight cross mem-
ber. Modeling was done in Creo 2.0and imported with the help of
IGES (Initial Graphical Exchanging Specification).
The above image showing the meshed modal. Default solid Brick
element was used to mesh the components. The shown mesh
method was called Tetra Hydra Mesh.
Meshing is used to deconstruct complex problem into number of
small problems based on finite element method.
3. 209
International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
Displacement
The above image shows displacement
The above image shows von-misses stress
The above image shows strain
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON Y-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image is showing von-mises stress value. Von-mises
stress depends on von-mises theory of failure. It considers all
directional and principle stresses.
FATIGUE ANALYSIS ON Y-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image is showing safety factor range on object.
MODAL ANALYSIS ON Y-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image is showing natural frequency value at mode-1
The above image is showing natural frequency value at mode-2.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON WEB-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image is showing von-mises stress value. Von-mises
stress depends on von-mises theory of failure. It considers all
directional and principle stresses.
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
FATIGUE ANALYSIS ON WEB-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image is showing safety factor range on object.
MODAL ANALYSIS ON WEB-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image is showing natural frequency value at mode-1.
The above image is showing natural frequency value at mode-2.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON HONEYCOMB-SHAPED
TWEEL
The above image is showing von-mises stress value. Von-mises
stress depends on von-mises theory of failure. It considers all
directional and principle stresses.
FATIGUE ANALYSIS ON HONEYCOMB-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image is showing safety factor range on object.
The above graph shows total deformation; according to the graph
honey comb is showing less deformation value of 0.038747
The above graph shows stress; according to the graph honey
comb is showing less stress than other models value is 54.475
The above graph shows strain; according to the graph honey comb
is showing less strain than other models value is 0.00027704
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
The above graph shows factor of safety; according to the graph
honey comb is showing higher life
The above graph shows deformation in Hz mode 2; according to
the graph web is showing less Hz value but values are near and
very low so no need to concede.
The above graph shows deformation in Hz mode 3; according to
the graph web is showing less Hz value but values are near and
very low so no need to concede.
CONCLUSION
• This project work is done on “Life prediction analysis
of tweel for the replacement of traditional wheels” an at-
tempt to provide solution for aid less, self-suspension
wheel system.
• In this project work tweel was chosen instead of regu-
lar wheels which are made out of solid rubber, it doesn’t
required air, and also it is having more suspension effect
comparatively to the regular wheels.
• Initially review is done on previous research publica-
tions and data related to wheels, tweels, and effects on
wheels and numerical approach etc…
• 3D models and assembly of wheel and rim, tweel with
different geometry’s are prepared to do further work.
• Structural analysis is done on tradition wheel assembly
to evaluate regular wheel analysis results.
• Structural analysis is done on tweel 3models to veri-
fy results like: stress, strain & deformation, as per the
analysis results tweel is better than traditional wheels,
in the tweel honey comb shaped tweel is showing good
characteristics.
• Fatigue analysis is conducted on 3models to find out fa-
tigue life, safety factors, as per the fatigue analysis results
honey comb tweel is the best one.
• Also harmonic analysis is done on 3models to find vibra-
tions/frequency’s value which is caused by self-design &
external vibrations, in this analysis also honey comb is
having very less vibrations.
• As per our project work results it concludes that, “honey
comb tweel is the best & optimum shape for the replace-
ment of traditional wheels”.
REFERENCES
1. Understanding the Influence of Pressure and Radial
Loads on Stress and Displacement Response of a Rotating
Body: The Automobile Wheel
J. Stearns, T. S. Srivatsan, X. Gao, and P. C. Lam
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
International Journal of Rotating Machinery
Volume 2006, Article ID 60193, Pages 1–8
DOI 10.1155/IJRM/2006/60193
2. Evaluation of fatigue life of aluminum alloy wheels un-
der radial loads
P. Ramamurty Raju a,*, B. Satyanarayana b, K. Ramji b,
K. Suresh Babu a
Received 12 November 2006; accepted 19 November 2006
Available online 17 January 2007
2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
3. SIMULATION TEST OF AUTOMOTIVE ALLOY WHEEL
USING COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING SOFTWARE
MOHD IZZAT FALIQFARHAN BIN BAHAROM
UNIVERSITI MALAYSIAPAHANG
OCTOBER 2008.
4. Simulation of wheel impact test using finite element
method
Chia-Lung Chang *, Shao-Huei Yang
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yun-
lin University of Science and Technology, Douliu, Yunlin
640, Taiwan, ROC
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/engfailanal
Article history:
Received 26 December 2008
Accepted 29 December 2008
Available online 11 January 2009
Published by Elsevier Ltd.
5. Fatigue Life Analysis of Aluminum Wheels by Simula-
tion of Rotary Fatigue Test
Paper accepted: 12.11.2010 Journal of Mechanical Engi-
neering 57(2011)1, 31-39
Liangmo Wang* - Yufa Chen - Chenzhi Wang - Qingzheng
Wang
School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of
Science & Technology, China.
6. New extrusion process of Mg alloy automobile wheels
WANG Qian, ZHANG Zhi-min , ZHANG Xing, LI Guo-ju
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
7. Fatigue strength improvement by ultrasonic impact
treatment of highly stressed spokes of cast aluminum
wheels ,A. Berg-Pollack a, F.-J. Voellmecke b, C.M. Sonsi-
no a, Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved ,journal homepage:
www.elsevier.com/locate/ijfatigue, Article history: Re-
ceived 28 June 2010,Accepted 28 September 2010 Avail-
able online 13 October 2010.
8. WHEELS AUTO MODELING USING FINITE ELEMENT
METHOD Amalia Ana DASCĂL, 2.Daniel CĂRĂULEANU
Year 2011.
AUTHORS
Ramesh Babu Sangareddy,
Research Scholar,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem,
Andhra Pradesh, India.
Rajesh Kumar,
Assistant professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem,
Andhra Pradesh, India.
K.L. Kishore,
Associate professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem,
Andhra Pradesh, India.
