This is a presentation regarding air free or air less tires.

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A
SEMINAR ON
AIR FREE TYRES
Presented by
Shatadal Sarma

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INDEX
 Introduction
 Function Of Tyres
 Problems Of Aired Tyres
 Air Free Tyres
 Construction
 Aired Tyre Vs Air Free Tyre
 Advantage & Disadvantage
 Application
 Conclusion
 Future Scope

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Introduction:
 Tyre is a rubber member.
 It gives the cushion to the automobile.
 It consists of outer cover i.e. tyre proper and tube
inside.
 The tyre-tube assembly is mounted over the
wheel rim.
 Air inside the tube carries entire load and
provides cushion.

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Function Of tyre:
 To support the vehicle load.
 To provide cushion against the shocks.
 To transmit driving and braking forces to the
road.
 To provide cornering power for smooth
steering

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Properties Of Tyre:
 Non-skidding
 Uniform wear
 Load-carrying
 Power consumption
 Tyre noise
 Balancing

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Problems Of Air-Tyre:
 Puncture of the tire results in total failure.
 A blowout at high speeds can lead to a
dangerous car accident.
 Can blow out by gunfire or explosion shrapnel
 Variations in air pressure and tire performance.

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Air-Free Tyres:
 These are tires that are not supported by air
pressure.
 The air free tyre connects to the flexible spokes.
 These are used to support an outer rim.
 Does not use a bladder full of compressed air
 Therefore it cannot burst nor become flat.

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History Behind Air-Free Tyre:
 The concept of air free tyre was first come on
1920.
 Michelin first announced the Tweel in 2005.
 The name is a combination of the words tire
and wheel.

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Construction:
The tire consists
of a cable-
reinforced band
of conventional
tire rubber with
molded tread
The rectangular
spokes can be
designed to have a
range of stiffness,
so engineers can
control how the
Tweel handles
loads
A shear band just
below the tread that
creates a
compliant contact
patches, and a
series of energy-
absorbing
polyurethane
spokes

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Material Used:
 Polyurethane
Ethylene glycoldibenzoinisocyanide
Polyurethane

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How does the Tyre Work?
• The spokes absorb road impacts the same way
air pressure does in pneumatic tires.
• The thread and shear bands deform temporarily.
• As the spokes bend, then quickly spring back
into shape.

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Aired Tyre VS Air-Free Tyres:
Aired tyre Air-Free Tyre
Air is used. No Air used.
Air takes the whole load Spokes takes the whole load
Goes flat Never goes flat
Large maintenance No maintenance
Not totally recyclable 99% recyclable

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Advantages:
 Never goes Flat.
 Airless tyres are maintenance free.
 More durable and long lasting.
 The materials used in the tyres and the spoke
structure are nearly 99% recyclable.
 Can take gunfire or explosion.
 Vehicle remain under control even in
emergency brake.

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Disadvantage:
 Tyre suspension is not so good as like regular
tyre.
 Heat generation.
 Lack of adjustability.
 Vibration.

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Application:
Used on some small vehicles such
as riding lawn mowers and
motorized golf carts.
In backhoe or bulldozers.

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In Military vehicles
All Terrine Vehicles (ATV)

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Case Study:
This section discusses the topology evolution of
meso-structures for AFT shear band at Clemson
University between Fall 2006 and 2010

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Conclusion:
 No improvements are made in TIREs nowadays.
 Manufacturers have started to focus making
airless TIREs.
 Challenge is to make it more feasible and
economical.
 When done, Airless TIREs are the future TIREs.

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Future Scope:
 It can be largely used in ARMY VEHICLES as there
is no risk of puncture of tyre.
 These can be used as bullet proof tyres.
 It is trying to use the air less tyres in ATVs like
SEGWAY CENTAUR, a four wheeled ATV.
 Now a days many companies like MICHELIN,
RESILIENT TECHNOLOGIES are working on non-
pneumatic tyres as a bright future is there.

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Futuristic Design
 Aims to keep losses to minimum
 95% manufacturing is recyclable
Hankook i-Flex

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References:
1. Barum (2011-2012) Technical data book of Car tyres.
2. U. Suripa a, a. Chaikittiratana b, (December 2008)
„Finite element stress and strain analysis of a solid
tyre‟ Journal of Achievements in Materials and
Manufacturing Engineering Vol.31, issue 2.
3. y. Li, university of missouri-rolla w.y. Liu, washington
university in st. Louis s. Frimpong, university of
missouri-rolla. “Effect of ambient temperature on
stress, deformation and temperature of dump truck
tyre” (june, 2006).
4. Chih-Hsing Chu, Mu-Chi Song , Vincent C.S.
Luo,(February 2005) „Computer aided parametric
design for 3d tyre mold production‟ Journal of
ELSEVIER”.

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THANKs...