The Philippines follows a centralized system of curriculum development and implementation from the national to the local school level. At the national level, the Department of Education establishes educational policies, standards, and plans. Regional offices then define regional frameworks aligned with national policies. Divisions develop and oversee implementation of plans. School districts provide instructional support and supervision. Individual schools are responsible for setting missions and goals and implementing the curriculum. Higher education also follows this structure from the Commission on Higher Education down to individual institutions. Factors like government requirements, school missions, learning environments, societal and student needs, faculty expertise, and evolving knowledge influence curriculum implementation.