The document discusses key aspects of curriculum implementation including: 1. Curriculum implementation involves transitioning from an existing program to a new program designed to meet current needs, which requires overcoming obstacles through reform. 2. Several factors can affect curriculum implementation including teachers, students, resources, culture and ideology, supervision, and evaluation. Teachers play an important role in deciding how to teach the prescribed syllabus, while students hold the key to what is actually learned. 3. Adequate resources like textbooks, materials, classrooms and facilities are needed to allow teachers and students to effectively implement the curriculum as planned. Differences in culture and ideology between society and curriculum can also influence implementation.

1. Nur Liyana Bt Yahaya
AS1506BD9583
Curriculum and Pedagogy
Topic 4

2. Definition of curriculum
implementation
Curriculum development is comprised of
several stages prior to the
implementation process;
1. Design (choose goals & objective)– at
this stage (involving formative
assessment, formal and informal testing
to track the educational progress of
students)
2. Curriculum implementation
3. Valuation

3. Aspects to be considered in the
implementation of the curriculum
1. Curriculum goals are clear.
2. Management of the resources that are
appropriate to the curriculum.
3. Professional development, ensuring the
curriculum is comparable to current needs.
4. Community-inspired community in order to
meet curriculum goals are achieved.

4. Relation between Curriculum
Planning and Implementation
Curriculum
• Matthew and Karen said that curriculum
planning should be carried out there "vision
building" / forming vision.
• The implementation of the curriculum should
focus on three factors: human, program
(construction / design of the new program)
and process.

5. Nature of the Curriculum: The
Process of Change
• Curriculum implementation requires restructuring and
replacement of the existing programs to meet current needs.
• It requires modification in behavior and personality, the
emphasis of the program, the learning space, and filling the
existing schedule.
• In other words, "the implementation of the curriculum"
requires educators change from the existing program to the
new program, the reform can be achieved only through a
variety of obstacles.

6. Factors that affect the
implementation of the curriculum
1. Teacher
2. Student
3. Material Resources and Facilities
4. Group Benefits
5. School environment
6. Culture and Ideology
7. Supervisory
8. Valuation

7. Teacher
• Teachers see their role in the
implementation of the curriculum as an
autonomy. They choose and decide.
• Teachers teach the syllabus prescribed by
the curriculum.

8. Student
• Students also an important element in the
implementation of the curriculum. Although
teachers are determinants of classroom
practice, students hold the key to what is
actually transmitted and adoption of the
official curriculum.

9. Material Resources and Facilities
• The curriculum is designed official fully implemented as planned.
• Government or the Ministry of Education should provide schools
with adequate resource materials such as textbooks, teaching aids
and stationery.
• This allows teachers and students to play their role in the
implementation process with a satisfactory curriculum.
• For example, the central government should also provide physical
facilities such as classrooms, laboratories, workshops, libraries and
sports fields to create an open environment.

10. Group Benefits
• Provide schools with the financial resources
to purchase the necessary learning
materials.
• Request the inclusion of certain subjects in
the curriculum.

11. School Environment
• The school is located in a rich socio-
economic environment and the people
who have the human and material
resources sufficient to implement the
curriculum to a level that is difficult or
impossible for schools in the current weak
economic environment.

12. Culture and Ideology
• Differences in culture and ideology in
society or country can also affect the
implementation of the curriculum.
• Some people may reject the culture is
dominated by hard or ideology of
government and thus affect the
implementation of centrally designed
curriculum.

13. Supervisory (penyeliaan)
The school will:
• Train staff
• time allowing for subjects taught at school
• providing teaching and learning materials
• creating a conducive atmosphere for
effective teaching and learning.

14. Evaluation
• Teachers tend to focus on subjects that
promote academic excellence and others.
• This action clearly can affect the
achievement of broad goals and objectives
of the curriculum.

15. The End, Thank You