Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs through health promotion like education and immunizations, as well as specific protection from risk factors. Secondary prevention focuses on early diagnosis through screening and prompt treatment to prevent disease progression. Tertiary prevention aims to reduce disability and support rehabilitation for those already diagnosed through limiting complications and promoting maximum functioning. The levels of prevention work together to create a healthier population and reduce the burden of disease.

1. LEVELSLEVELS
OFOF
PREVENTIONPREVENTION
DR. SYED SANOWAR ALIDR. SYED SANOWAR ALI
Associate ProfessorAssociate Professor
Department of Community Health SciencesDepartment of Community Health Sciences
United Medical & Dental College (UMDC)United Medical & Dental College (UMDC)

2. Tutorial 45 MINUTES
Lecture 20 – 25 minutes
Quiz 5 minutes

3. PREVENTION
IS BETTER THAN
CURE

4. 1. PRIMARY PREVENTION1. PRIMARY PREVENTION
2. SECONDARY PREVENTION
3. TERTIARY PREVENTION

5. Normal healthy persons but at
danger, risk factors, cost
effective, No loss
PRIMARY PREVENTIONPRIMARY PREVENTION

6. Early diagnosis, Sick persons,
Treatment, high cost , may lose
e.g. time, job, life etc.
SECONDARY PREVENTION

7. Sick persons with Complications,
very high cost, may lose e.g. time,
job, life etc., permanent damage
TERTIARY PREVENTION

8. PRIMARY PREVENTIONPRIMARY PREVENTION
Primary prevention can be defined as the
action taken prior to the onset of
disease,
which removes the possibility that the
disease will ever occur

9. B. PRIMARY PREVENTIONB. PRIMARY PREVENTION
1. Health Promotion
2. Specific Protection

10. Health PromotionHealth Promotion
• It is “ the process of enabling people to
increase control over the determinants
of health and thereby improve their
health”.

11. 1. Health Promotion1. Health Promotion
I. Health Education
II. Good standard of Nutrition
III. Attention of Personality development
IV. Adequate Housing recreation and
agreeable Working condition
V. Marriage Counseling
VI. Genetics
VII. Periodic selective examinations

12. 2. SPECIFIC PROTECTION2. SPECIFIC PROTECTION
I. Use of specific Immunization
II. Attention to Personal Hygiene
III. Use of Environmental Sanitation
IV. Protection against Occupational Hazards
V. Protection from Accidents
VI. Use of specific Nutrients
VII. Protection from Carcinogens
VIII. Avoidance of Allergens

13. C. SECONDARY PREVENTIONC. SECONDARY PREVENTION
1. Early Diagnosis (Screening)
2. Prompt Treatment

14. 1. EARLY DIAGNOSIS &1. EARLY DIAGNOSIS &
2. PROMPT TREATMENT2. PROMPT TREATMENT
I. Case finding measures
II. Individual & Mass Screening Surveys
III. Selective Examination Objectives
IV. To Cure & Prevent diseases process
V. To Prevent Complications & Sequelae
VI. To Shorten period of Disability

15. D. TERTIARY PREVENTIOND. TERTIARY PREVENTION
1. Disability Limitation
2. Rehabilitation

16. 1. DISABILITY LIMITATION1. DISABILITY LIMITATION
I. Adequate Rx to arrest the disease process
II. To Prevent further Complications & Sequelae
III. Provision of facilities to limit disability
IV. To Prevent Death

17. 2. REHABILITATION2. REHABILITATION
I. Provision of facilities for retaining and
education for maximum use of remaining
capacities
II. Education of the public and industry to
utilize the rehabilitated
III. As full employment as possible
IV. Selective placement
V. Work therapy in hospital
VI. Use of sheltered colony

18. QUIZQUIZ

19. The local hospital offers Yearly
cholesterol screenings to the public ?
SECONDRY

20. A Community Health Worker provides
vaccine to clients in an immunization
clinic ?
PRIMARY

21. Mr. Ali is referred to a cardiac
rehabilitation program after Coronary
artery bypass surgery?
Tertiary

22. The community mental health nurse
provides information on risk factors
for suicide to the local parent –
teacher association ?
PRIMARYPRIMARY

23. A Public health consultant teaches aA Public health consultant teaches a
group of recently diagnosed Diabeticgroup of recently diagnosed Diabetic
clients how to recognize Hypoglycemicclients how to recognize Hypoglycemic
& Hyperglycemic reactions ?& Hyperglycemic reactions ?
Tertiary

24. A Lady Doctor teaches Breast selfA Lady Doctor teaches Breast self
examination to participants at aexamination to participants at a
women’s clinicwomen’s clinic
SECONDRY