community health nursing- definition concept, scope

1. COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
SUBMITTED BY - NISHA YADAV
MSC NURSING 1ST YEAR
NINE PGIMER
CHANDIGARH

2. OUTLINE OF THE TOPIC
• INTRODUCTION- COMMUNITY, COMMUNITY HEALTH, COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
• CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY
• DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
• CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
• PHILOSOPHY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
• AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
• SCOPE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

3. INTRODUCTION
• A COMMUNITY MAY BE DEFINED IN MANY DIFFERENT WAYS. ONE DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY IS “A SOCIAL GROUP
OF ANY SIZE WHOSE MEMBERS RESIDE IN A SPECIFIC LOCALITY, SHARE GOVERNMENT, AND OFTEN HAVE A COMMON
CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL HERITAGE.”
• CULTURE, ETHNICITY, AGE, GENDER, SEXUALITY ALL OF THESE CAN BE CHARACTERISTICS WHICH DEFINE A
COMMUNITY
• THE COMMUNITY IN WHICH WE LIVE AND WORK HAVE A PROFOUND INFLUENCE ON OUR COLLECTIVE HEALTH
AND WELL-BEING.

4. THE HEALTH OF A COMMUNITY IS MORE THAN THE SUM OF THE HEALTH OF ITS INDIVIDUAL CITIZENS.
COMMUNITY AS A FIELD OF PRACTICE SEEKS TO PROVIDE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
COMMUNITY CAN INFLUENCE-
• THE SPREAD OF DISEASE
• PROVIDE BARRIERS TO PROTECT MEMBERS FROM HEALTH HAZARDS
• ORGANIZE WAYS TO COMBAT OUTBREAKS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE
• PROMOTE PRACTICES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE HEALTH

5. COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE WORK IN EVERY CONCEIVABLE KIND OF COMMUNITY AGENCY
THEIR DUTIES RANGE FROM EXAMINING INFANTS IN A WELL-BABY CLINIC, OR TEACHING ELDERLY STROKE
VICTIMS IN THEIR HOMES TO CARRYING OUT EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH OR ENGAGE IN HEALTH POLICY
ANALYSIS AND DECISION MAKING.
COMBINES ALL BASIC ELEMENTS OF PROFESSIONAL CLINICAL NURSING WITH PUBLIC HEALTH AND
COMMUNITY PRACTICE.

6. CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY
A community is a collection of
people who share some
important feature of their lives.
It can be society of people holding
common rights and privileges,
sharing interests, living under same
laws and regulations.
The function of any
community includes its
members of collective sense of
belonging and their shared
identity, values, norms,
communications and common
interests and concerns

7. DEFINITION OF CHN
“COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IS A SYNTHESIS OF NURSING PRACTICE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE APPLIED IN
PROMOTING AND PRESERVING THE HEALTH OF POPULATIONS. THE NATURE OF THIS PRACTICE IS GENERAL AND
COMPREHENSIVE. IT IS NOT LIMITED TO A PARTICULAR AGE OR DIAGNOSTIC GROUP. IT IS CONTINUOUS AND NOT
EPISODIC. THE DOMINANT RESPONSIBILITY IS TO THE POPULATION AS A WHOLE.

8. THEREFORE, NURSING DIRECTED TO INDIVIDUALS, FAMILIES OR GROUPS CONTRIBUTES TO THE HEALTH OF THE
TOTAL POPULATION. HEALTH PROMOTION, HEALTH MAINTENANCE, HEALTH EDUCATION, COORDINATION AND
CONTINUITY OF CARE ARE UTILIZED IN A WHOLISTIC APPROACH TO THE MANAGEMENT OF THE HEALTH CARE OF
INDIVIDUAL, FAMILY, GROUP AND COMMUNITY. THE NURSE’S ACTIONS ACKNOWLEDGE THE NEED FOR
COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH PLANNING, RECOGNIZE THE INFLUENCES OF SOCIAL AND ECOLOGICAL ISSUES, GIVE
ATTENTION TO POPULATIONS AT RISK AND UTILIZE DYNAMIC FORCES WHICH INFLUENCE CHANGE.”
(ANA)

9. CONCEPT OF CHN
• THE PRIMARY FOCUS OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IS ON THE HEALTH PROMOTION
• COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING PRACTICE IS EXTENDED TO BENEFIT NOT ONLY THE INDIVIDUAL BUT THE
WHOLE FAMILY AND COMMUNITY
• COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSES ARE GENERALIST IN TERMS OF THEIR PRACTICE
• CONTACT WITH THE CLIENT AND/OR FAMILY MAY CONTINUE OVER A LONG PERIOD OF TIME

10. • THE NATURE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING PRACTICE REQUIRES THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE
• THE DYNAMIC PROCESSES OF ASSESSING, PLANNING, PROVIDE PERIODIC MEASUREMENT OF PROGRESS,
EVALUATION AND A CONTINUUM OF CYCLE UNTIL THE TERMINATION OF NURSING IS IMPLICIT IN THE
PRACTICE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

11. CHN
GOAL-
• promote & preserve health
• Restore health
• Improve quality care
AIM- Self Care
• Priority practices:
 Primary prevention
 Secondary prevention
 Tertiary prevention
FOCUS- Community
• Practice level
 Individual, family & group
 communitySCOPE
• Human biology
• Lifestyle
• Environment
• Health allied
resources
DETERMINANTS
• Persuasive
• Enforcement
• Team approach
• Mass approach
• Community involvement
• Intersectoral approach
APPROACHES
• Direct services to
individual, family & group
 Supplemental
 Facilitative
 Developmental
• Services to entire
community
Modes of delivery of health &
nsg interventions
CommunityHealthNursingProcess

12. PHILOSOPHY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSING
Philosophy of working
together under a
competent leader for
common good
Philosophy that people in the
community have potential for
continued development and
are capable of dealing with
their own problems if educated
and helped
Philosophy of
socialism
Philosophy of
individuals right of
being healthy

13. AIMS
Promote health
and efficiency
Prolong life by
providing basic needs
Prevent and control
diseases and
disabilities
AIMS OF CHN

14. OBJECTIVES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSING
• TO INCREASE CAPABILITY OF INDIVIDUALS, FAMILIES, GROUPS AND COMMUNITY TO DEAL
WITH THEIR OWN HEALTH AND NURSING PROBLEMS
• TO STRENGTHEN COMMUNITY RESOURCES
• TO CONTROL AND COUNTERACT ENVIRONMENT
• TO PREVENT AND CONTROL COMMUNICABLE AND NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

15. • TO PROVIDE SPECIALIZED SERVICES
• TO CONDUCT RESEARCH AND CONTRIBUTE TO THE FURTHER REFINEMENT AND IMPROVEMENT
• TO PARTICIPATE IN PREPARING HEALTH PERSONNEL TO FUNCTION IN COMMUNITY FOR COMMUNITY
HEALTH CARE SERVICES
• TO SUPERVISE, GUIDE AND HELP HEALTH PERSONNEL IN CARRYING OUT THEIR FUNCTION EFFECTIVELY

16.  COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IS A SPECIALIZED FIELD OF NURSING
 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING SYNTHESIZES COMMUNITY HEALTH WITH N NURSING
 IN COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING, THE WHOLE COMMUNITY IS THE CLIENT
 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING EMPHASIZES ON PRIMARY LEVEL PREVENTION
 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING PROMOTES SELF-CARE RESPONSIBILITY

17.  COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING INVOLVES MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAM APPROACH
 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IS WORKING FOR PEOPLE, WITH PEOPLE AND BY PEOPLE
 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IS SEEKING SUPPORT FROM GIVING SUPPORT TO PERSONNEL FROM OTHER
SECTORS WORKING FOR WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE COMMUNITY

18. COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IS DEALING WITH WIDE RANGE OF HEALTH PROBLEMS AND HEALTH
NEEDS AND PROVIDING NEED BASED GENERALIZED HEALTH SERVICES.
 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IS PROVIDING CONTINUOUS CARE AND NOT EPISODIC CARE

19. Nursing
care
School health
nursing
Geriatric care
Occupational
health nursing Domiciliary
nursing
Mental health
nursing
Rehabilitation
Centre
Home care
MCH and family
planning
services

20. HOME CARE
• EXTENDED NURSING CARE SERVICES ARE RECEIVED BY NUMBER OF PATIENTS AT THEIR HOME
WHEN HOSPITAL ARE OVERCROWDED FOR ADMITTING THE PATIENTS WHO REQUIRE INDOOR
CARE OR WHEN A PATIENT IS IN NEED OF ISOLATED TREATMENT.
• EVEN PREVENTIVE AND PROMOTIVE SERVICES ARE PROVIDED TO THE PEOPLE AT THEIR HOME
TO MAINTAIN AND ACHIEVE HEALTH

21. TO PROVIDE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN THE COMMUNITY
TO CONDUCT ROUTINE ANTENATAL AND POSTNATAL VISITS AND TO CONDUCT DELIVERIES WHEN REQUIRED
TO CARRY OUT IMMUNIZATION
TO PROMOTE HEALTH OF THE CHILDREN BY CONDUCTING UNDER FIVE CLINIC AND REFERRING CASES WHO
REQUIRE MEDICAL CARE
TO ASSESS THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND NUTRITIONAL NEEDS OF THE COMMUNITY. AND GET THE
HELP OF SOCIAL WORKERS TO MEET THESE NEEDS.

23. 


24. IN GENERAL, THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF NURSING PERSONNEL ARE BEING STATED BY WHO TECHNICAL REPORT
SERIES 24 ARE AS FOLLOWS:
 CARRYING OUT THE THERAPEUTIC PROGRAMME DESIGNED BY PHYSICIANS FOR SICK PATIENTS INCLUDING PERSONAL
SERVICES AIMED AT HYGIENE AND COMFORT
 MAINTENANCE OF THE PHYSICAL AND HIS FAMILY IN HIS RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION
 ENGAGING THE PATIENT AND HIS FAMILY IN HIS RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION
 CARRYING OUT MEASURES FOR THE PREVENTION OF DISEASES
 INSTRUCTING PEOPLE SICK OR WELL, IN MEASURES PROMOTING TOTAL HEALTH (PHYSICAL AND MENTAL)
 COORDINATING NURSING EFFORTS WITH OTHER MEMBERS OF COMMUNITY GROUPS

25. DOMICILIARY NURSING
THE AREAS WHERE DOMICILIARY NURSING IS PRACTICED IN OUR COUNTRY ARE-
 MATERNITY SERVICES
 HEALTH SUPERVISION
 DISEASE PREVENTION SERVICES
 SERVICES FOR ILLNESS AND ACCIDENTS
 THE SCOPE FOR LIMITLESS FOR ORGANIZING DOMICILIARY VISITS

26. MANY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES HAVE MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES TODAY. THESE SERVICES
INCLUDE-
 EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
 REHABILITATION
 PSYCHOTHERAPY
 USE OF MODERN PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS AND AFTER CARE SERVICES
 MHN IS YET TO BE DEVELOPED IN INDIA

27. 




29. THE SHN RENDERS SERVICES-
 TO PREVENT DISEASES
 TO PROMOTE AND MAINTAIN GOOD HEALTH OF THE SCHOOL CHILDREN’S
 THE SCHOOL HEALTH PROGRAMME ARE CARRIED OUT BY THE PHC
 THE NURSE PROVIDES HER SERVICES IN VARIOUS AREAS
• HEALTH EDUCATION AND SPECIFIC PROTECTION
• EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
• PREVENTION OF COMPLICATIONS AND REHABILITATION
 OTHER FUNCTIONS
• MAINTENANCE OF RECORDS
• FOLLOW UP AND REFERRAL SERVICES

31. CONCLUSION
COMMUNITY AS A FIELD OF PRACTICE SEEKS TO PROVIDE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE A BROAD SET OF
RESOURCES AND THE COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITIES NEEDED TO ACCOMPLISH THE GOAL OF AN OPTIMALLY
HEALTHY COMMUNITY. THE PRIMARY FOCUS OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IS ON THE HEALTH
PROMOTION. COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IS A NURSING ASPECT OF ORGANIZED COMMUNITY HEALTH
PROGRAMME AND IS A SPECIALIZED AREA OF PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE. IT IS A UNIQUE BLEND OF
NURSING AND COMMUNITY HEALTH WOVEN INTO A SERVICE WHICH WHEN PROPERLY DEVELOPED AND
IMPLEMENTED CAN HAVE A TREMENDOUS IMPACT ON HEALTH.

32. SUMMARIZATION
• CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY
• CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
• DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
• PHILOSOPHY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
• AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
• NATURE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
• SCOPE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

35. REFERENCES
1. GULANI KK. COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING (PRINCIPLES & PRACTICES). 2ND ED. KUMAR PUBLISHING HOUSE; CONCEPTUAL ASPECTS OF
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING; P 31-53.
2. ALLENDER JA. RECTOR C. WARNER KD. COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING PROMOTING AND PROTECTING THE PUBLIC’S HEALTH. 7TH ED.
WOLTERS KLUVERS HEALTH. INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING; P 2-17.
3. BIJYALAKASKHMI D. A COMPREHENSIVE TEXTBOOK OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING. 1ST ED. JAYPEE DIGITAL. INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNITY
HEALTH NURSING; P 1-76.
4. KAMALAM S. ESSENTIALS IN COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING PRACTICE. 3RD ED. JAYPEE DIGITAL. CONCEPTS OF HEALTH AND THEORETICAL
APPROACHES IN COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING; P 15-38.