LEM 213
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1. what is 2nd language acquisition(SLA)? -SLA is not uniform at predictable phenomenon -There is no single way in which learners acquire in their L2. -Different learners in different situation learn L2 in different ways. 2 .Difference between 2nd language acquisition and 1st language acquisition SLA is the study of how learners learn additional language after they have acquired their mother tongue. 3. Difference between 2nd language acquisition and Foreign language acquisition -SLA is not intended to contrast with Foreign language acquisition -SLA is used as a general term that embraces Both untutored (Naturalistic) & tutored(classroom) acquisition. 4.Centrality of syntax and morphology -SLA refers to all aspects of language that learners need to master. -It forces on L2 learners acquire grammatical sub-system. - A little is known about L2 phonology , but almost nothing about the acquisition of lexis. 5.Competence VS Performance Competence : -Mental representation of linguistic (input) -Rules which constitues of speaker hearer's (internalized grammar) stored in brain /allow us to process the language. Performance : - Comprehension and production of language (output) -provide evidence for competence for SLA 6.Acquisition VS Learning Acquisition : - picking up 2nd language through exposure -unconscious Learning : Refers to the conscious study of second language.
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The document discusses second language acquisition (SLA). It defines SLA as the study of how people learn a language after their native tongue. The goals of SLA are to understand and describe how learners acquire an L2 over time in terms of their pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. It also aims to explain the internal cognitive and external social factors that influence L2 acquisition. Two case studies are described: one of an adult learning English and one of two children learning English in a classroom.
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Second Language Acquisition Theories
Second Language Acquisition (SLA) refers to the process of learning a second language. SLA researchers study how people develop proficiency in a non-native language, both inside and outside the classroom, with the goal of describing and explaining the acquisition process. Key aspects of SLA theory include developmental patterns in learner language, the influence of internal and external factors, and hypotheses about the natural order and mechanisms of acquisition. Prominent hypotheses proposed to explain SLA include Krashen's Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis and Natural Order Hypothesis.
Universal Grammar IN Second Language ACQUISITION
Universal Grammar (UG) is a theory developed by Chomsky that proposes humans have an innate, genetically-determined language faculty. UG consists of principles and parameters that characterize all human languages. When applied to second language acquisition, UG suggests second language grammars may be constrained by UG in varying degrees, from full access to UG principles to no access at all. The extent to which UG applies to second language learners is an ongoing debate in the field.
Differences in l2 learners liseth chica
Young learners acquire language more easily than older learners due to brain plasticity and greater language exposure. Girls tend to perform better in grammar and spelling while boys learn more visually. Individual differences like aptitude, motivation, cognitive styles and personality can influence how successfully one acquires a second language. Learning strategies also impact language learning, with younger learners relying more on repetition and older learners on synthesis. Females tend to employ social/affective strategies more than males.
Universal grammar med
The document discusses theories of Universal Grammar (UG) and its application to second language acquisition. It covers:
1) Nativist approaches that posit innate language-specific or general learning mechanisms.
2) UG as consisting of principles and parameters that characterize all natural languages. Parameters have limited values that vary across languages.
3) How UG addresses the "poverty of stimulus" problem in first language acquisition.
4) Debates around the role and accessibility of UG in second language acquisition, including issues of first language transfer and ultimate attainment.
5) Evidence is inconclusive on whether UG principles fully constrain or are fully accessible to second language learners.
First-Language-vs-Second-Language lec.pptx
This document discusses the differences between a first language and a second language. A first language is acquired naturally from birth through exposure to parents speaking it, while a second language is learned later, often through formal education. The first language is less complex to learn as it is acquired effortlessly, while the second language requires active study of grammar rules. Both first and second language learners go through similar developmental stages, including a silent period, formulaic speech, and structural simplification.
The Field of Second Language Acquisition
SLA investigates how and why people learn second languages by drawing on linguistics, psychology, sociology and related fields. It examines the cognitive and social processes involved in acquiring a new language system and becoming competent in different contexts. SLA research compares child first language acquisition to adult second language learning, investigates individual learner differences, and seeks to understand factors that influence learning outcomes and rates of acquisition.
second language acquisition
This document provides an overview of theories and processes of second language acquisition (SLA). It introduces several major theories of SLA, including behaviorism, Krashen's comprehensible input hypothesis, the interaction hypothesis, sociocultural theory, universal grammar, and frequency-based approaches. It also discusses individual differences that can influence SLA, such as first language, age, gender, working memory, and motivation. Additionally, the document outlines key SLA processes like attention, developmental sequences, and fossilization. Finally, it reviews several common language teaching methods and how they approach teaching, learning, and assessment.
cross.linguitics.on website
This document discusses cross-linguistic issues in teaching English as a foreign language. It explores how a learner's first language (L1), in this case Arabic, can interfere with their acquisition of English grammar. The author analyzes writing samples from English learners in Saudi Arabia and finds evidence that their L1 influences aspects of English grammar. The study aims to understand this cross-linguistic influence in order to develop effective teaching strategies. It recommends innovative e-learning strategies to help minimize negative transfer from L1 to L2.
Sla chapter 1 intoduction lutfiana tyas maharani
This document provides an introduction to second language acquisition by Rod Ellis. It defines second language acquisition as learning a language other than one's mother tongue, inside or outside the classroom. The goals of SLA are to describe how L2 is acquired and to explain differences in learners' success. Factors that influence acquisition include social environment, learner input, and individual cognitive abilities. The document discusses methodological issues in describing learner language and explaining the acquisition process.
L.a.1.4.language.acquisition.mishell.arreaga
This document discusses differences in language acquisition between various groups of language learners. It compares young and older learners, male and female learners, and outlines several factors that influence language learning ability including aptitude, motivation, cognitive style, personality, and learning strategies. Specifically, it notes that young learners acquire language more easily due to brain plasticity, memory, and exposure to real-life situations, while older learners are more likely to retain an accent. It also suggests that males and females differ in their language learning strengths, such as boys learning better visually and girls performing better in grammar.
Language Transfer.pptx
This document discusses language transfer, which is when speakers apply knowledge from their native language to a second language. It can affect grammar, vocabulary, spelling, and other language aspects. Transfer can be positive if the languages share structures, leading to correct usage, or negative if structures differ, causing errors. The degree of difference between languages impacts how much interference occurs. Transfer is an inevitable part of second language learning as learners rely on their native language rules. Factors like the languages involved, the learning stage, and individual learner differences influence the nature and amount of transfer.
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LEM 213
- 1. LEM 213 -Tutorial #1 Understanding 2nd language acquisition By : I/I ! II @
- 2. 1. what is 2nd language acquisition(SLA)? -SLA is not uniform at predictable phenomenon -There is no single way in which learners acquire in their L2. -Different learners in different situation learn L2 in different ways.
- 3. 2 .Difference between 2nd language acquisition and 1st language acquisition SLA is the study of how learners learn additional language after they have acquired their mother tongue.
- 4. 3. Difference between 2nd language acquisition and Foreign language acquisition -SLA is not intended to contrast with Foreign language acquisition -SLA is used as a general term that embraces Both untutored (Naturalistic) & tutored(classroom) acquisition.
- 5. 4.Centrality of syntax and morphology -SLA refers to all aspects of language that learners need to master. -It forces on L2 learners acquire grammatical sub-system. - A little is known about L2 phonology , but almost nothing about the acquisition of lexis.
- 6. 5.Competence VS Performance Competence : -Mental representation of linguistic (input) -Rules which constitues of speaker hearer's (internalized grammar) stored in brain /allow us to process the language.
- 7. Performance : - Comprehension and production of language (output) -provide evidence for competence for SLA
- 8. 6.Acquisition VS Learning Acquisition : - picking up 2nd language through exposure -unconscious Learning : Refers to the conscious study of second language.