The document discusses learning disabilities such as dyslexia, dysgraphia, and dyscalculia. It defines each disability and provides their characteristics and signs in children. For each disability, it also discusses the types, education approaches, and teaching methods that are effective for students with these disabilities. The overall document aims to create awareness about different learning disabilities and how teachers can support students who have them.

1. Submitted By
R.EBISHA
St.Ignatius College of Education
Palayamkottai
Thirunelveli dist
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

2. LEARNING
DISABILITIES
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

3.  Learning disability, learning
disorder or learning difficulty is a condition in
the brain that causes difficulties
comprehending or processing
information and can be caused
by several different factors.
 Learning disabilities are
problems that affect the
brains ability to receive, process, analyze or
store information.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

4. Characteristics of
learning disabled
children:
• Suffer from a serious learning problem
• Exhibit symptoms of
hyperactivity
• Demonstrate the symptoms
of impulsivity
• Suffer from emotional
problem
• Poor comprehension and/or
retention. TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

5. Dysgraphia Dyslexia
Dyscalculia
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

6. TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

7. DYSLEXIA
 Greek word ‘dys’(poor or inadequate)&the
word ‘lexis’ (word or language).
 Trouble in reading or learning
despite of normal intelligence.
 Dyslexia is a language-based
learning disability.
 Recognized by Ostwald Berckhem
in 1881.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

8. Types of Dyslexia
1. Phonological Dyslexia
2. Surface Dyslexia
3. Rapid Automatic Naming Dyslexia
4. Double Deficit Dyslexia
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

9. Sign of dyslexia in
children:
 Difficulty manipulating
the sounds in words.
 Hesitancy to read aloud
both alone and in a
group setting.
 Poor and inconsistent
spelling.
 Difficulty learning
nursery rhymes or
playing rhyming games.
 Writing skills that don’t
match speaking ability.
 Late talking.
 Learning new words
slowly.
 Problems remembering
or naming letters,
numbers and colors.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

10. TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

11. Education for dyslexic children:
• Multisensory Learning
• Assistive technology and tools
• Helpful Arrangements
• Educational Games
• Working together with parents
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

12. DYSGRAPIA
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

13.  Dysgraphia is a learning disorder that affect
writing, both the physical act and
composition.
 It is often referred to as “an impairment in
written expression” by psychologists.
 Dysgraphia and Dyslexia can have similar
symptoms, and its not uncommon for a child
to have both.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

14. Feifer’s 4 subtypes of Dysgraphia
Phonological
Dysgraphia Surface
Dysgraphia
Mixed
Dysgraphia
Semantic
Dysgraphia
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

15. Signs of Dysgraphia in children
• Illegible writing
• Difficulty sizing letters
• Keeping letters on a line
• Mixture of upper and
lower case letters
• Mixture of printed and
cursive letters
• Awkward pencil grip,
cramped fingers
• Rushing to get writing
over with
• Extreme fatigue when
writing or drawing
• Inconsistent letter
formation and slant
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

16. TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

17. How do you teach student
with Dysgraphia?
 Think outside of the pencil box
 Make writing count
 Give extra time
 Be flexible on spelling and grammar
 Teach good composition skills
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

18. TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

19.  Severe difficulty in making arithmetical
calculations, as a result of brain disorder.
 Doctors sometimes call it a “mathematical
disorder.”
 Dyscalculic learners may have difficulty
understanding simple number concepts, lack
an intuitive grasp of numbers and have
problems learning number facts and
procedures.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

20. Types of Dyscalculia
Verbal Dyscalculia
Practognostic
Dyscalculia
Lexical Dyscalculia
Graphical Dyscalculia
Ideognostic Dyscalculia
Operational Dyscalculia
Developmental
dyscalculia
Acalculia Dyscalculia
Pseudo-Dyscalculia
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

21. Signs of Dyscalculia in children
 Difficulty counting
backwards
 Difficulty remembering
basic facts
 Slow to perform
calculations
 Weak mental arithmetic
skills
 A poor sense of
numbers &estimation
 Difficulty in
understanding place
value
 Addition is often the
default operation
 High levels of
mathematics anxiety
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

22. TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

23. How to you teach a student
with Dyscalculia
• Play with Dominoes
• Resist using worksheet
• Use Manipulative
• Learn the Language of Math
• Create Visual Models
• Use Accommodations
• Teach Toward Understanding
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

24. Reference
• https://www.webmd.com>...>Guide
• https://www.slideshare.net>mobile
• https://www.mayoclinic.org>dyslexia
• https://www.webmd.com>add-adhd
• https://Idaamerica.org>dyscalculia
• https://www.additudemag.com>..
• https://www.additudemag.com>...
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

25. THANK YOU
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.