The Glorious Revolution took place in 1688 in England and saw James II flee to France without fighting to remain as king. This occurred because Parliament invited William and Mary of Orange to replace James II as monarch, due to James II promoting Catholics to important positions and wanting to reduce Parliament's power in favor of Catholicism in Britain. The Revolution ended when William and Mary signed the Bill of Rights, which established the supremacy of Parliament over the monarch and guaranteed basic rights and freedoms for citizens.