The Kolkata underwater metro project is an innovative and ambitious infrastructure endeavor aimed at improving urban transportation in Kolkata, India. The project involves the construction of an underwater tunnel to connect important parts of the city and alleviate traffic congestion. To cover this topic comprehensively, I can provide a detailed overview including the project's history, objectives, engineering challenges, construction phases, technological aspects, environmental considerations, and anticipated impact on the city's transportation landscape. Let's dive in. Overview of the Kolkata Underwater Metro Project 1. Introduction The Kolkata underwater metro project is part of the Kolkata Metro Railway, operated by the Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation (KMRC). It aims to extend the metro rail network in the city by introducing an underwater section, a first of its kind in India. 2. Background The idea of an underwater metro tunnel in Kolkata was conceived to address the growing congestion and limited transportation options in the city. The project was envisioned to provide a faster, more efficient, and eco-friendly mode of transportation. 3. Objectives Enhance connectivity within Kolkata, particularly between the eastern and western parts of the city. Reduce traffic congestion on the roads. Provide a safe, reliable, and comfortable commuting option for residents. Boost economic activities and development along the metro route. Engineering and Design Aspects 1. Route and Stations The underwater metro route stretches from Howrah Maidan to Salt Lake Sector V, covering approximately 16.6 kilometers. It includes a mix of elevated, underground, and underwater sections. Notable stations along the route include Howrah, Mahakaran, Esplanade, Sealdah, and Salt Lake Sector V. 2. Tunnel Construction The underwater section involves the construction of a tunnel beneath the Hooghly River. This tunnel is approximately 520 meters long and runs at a depth of about 30 meters below the riverbed. Specialized engineering techniques such as tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are used for tunnel excavation and lining. 3. Technology and Safety Advanced tunneling technology is employed to ensure the structural integrity and safety of the underwater tunnel. Fire safety systems, emergency exits, and evacuation procedures are incorporated into the design to meet international safety standards. Construction Phases and Challenges 1. Construction Timeline The project has been implemented in phases, with each phase focusing on specific sections of the metro route. The underwater tunnel construction posed significant challenges due to the river's depth and the need for precision engineering. 2. Environmental Considerations Special attention is given to environmental impact assessments and mitigation measures during construction. Measures such as sediment control, noise reduction, and waste management are implemented to minimize ecological disruption. 3. Engineering Challenges

1. UNDERGROUND METRO
Presented by:
VISHAL KUMAR SAH
Roll no - 2158011
Dept - CIVIL ENGINEERING

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 HISTORY
 WHY IT IS NEEDED ?
 BENEFITS OF METRO
 SPECIAL FEATURES
 KOLKATA UNDERGROUND METRO PROJECT
 SAFETY ACTION
 FUTURE PROJECTS & PLANS
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
 Metro railways are urban rapid transit systems designed to
provide efficient, high-capacity transportation within cities
 They typically consist of underground or elevated trains
running on dedicated tracks, separate from other traffic
 Metro systems offer a solution to urban congestion,
reducing traffic congestion and pollution while providing
fast, reliable, and comfortable transportation for
commuters.
 The concept of metro railways originated in Europe during
the late 19th century and has since spread to cities
worldwide, including India
underground
elevated

4. HISTORY
 The idea of metro rail in India originated in the 1960s
 India’s 1st and Asia’s 5th metro rail was introduced in
Kolkata
 Over a length of 16.45 km and the work on this project
was sanctioned on 1.6.1972
 The construction work started in 1973-74
 After crossing so many hurdles Calcutta Metro started
its journey on October 24, 1984

5. WHY IT IS NEEDED
 Unprecedented growth of personal vehicles
 Growing traffic congestion
 Air pollution and traffic accidents has become a major
concern
 To avoid congestion at peak hours
 Time saving
 Reduced fuel consumption
 Minimum environmental impact

6. BENEFITS OF METRO
 Requires 1/5th energy per passenger km compared to road-based
transport system
 Causes less noise, no air pollution and eco friendly transport system.
 Occupies no road space if underground and only about 2.60 meters width
of the road if elevated
 Reduces journey time
 Cost effective mass transport system.
 Reducing traffic transport problems

7. SPECIAL FEATURES
 Air-conditioning and ventilation system for
environmental control of stations and
tunnels
 Automatic ticket vending and checking
system
 Automatic door opening / closing
 A public address system is provided on the
trains to announce approaching stations
 Free of cost 5g network

8. SAFETY ACTION
 Cut & cover method with continuous diaphragm walls
 Diaphragm walls are constructed in advance using
slurry French method
 Walls are laterally supported by rolledbuilt up steel
section
 Vertical rolled built up steel section is used to satisfy
slenderness limit in diaphragm wall & support traffic
as well
 Stretches of 6.6m in dia. With 300mm thick concrete
lining

9. KOLKATA UNDERWATER METRO PROJECT
 Kolkata's underwater metro project, known as the East-
West Metro, is India's first underwater metro line
 The project aims to connect the eastern and western parts
of Kolkata, spanning a distance of approximately 16.6 km
 A significant portion of the metro line, about 10.8 km, runs
underwater beneath the Hooghly River, making it a
remarkable engineering feat
 Cost of construction from Howrah to Esplanade is around
4965-crores

10. KOLKATA UNDERWATER METRO PROJECT
 Train will ply 13m below water and 13m below the clay
 Train will go through the tunnel with speed of 80km/hr
 It will take less than 45 sec to cross the river tunnels and 6 minutes to cover Howrah
Maidan to Esplanade
 Diameter of each tunnel is 5.5m
 Not a drop of water can enter the river tunnels. Hydrophilic gaskets are installed
between tunnel concrete
 The underwater tunnel was constructed using tunnel boring machines (TBMs) machine
,they were Rachna, Prerna, Urvi & Chandi

11. KOLKATA UNDERWATER METRO PROJECT

12. KOLKATA UNDERWATER METRO PROJECT

13. CONCLUSION
 These systems have significantly contributed to reducing traffic congestion, air pollution, and
commuting times, thereby enhancing the overall quality of urban life.
 The continued expansion and improvement of metro railway networks in India and around the
world are crucial for sustainable urban development and economic growth.
 As cities continue to expand and populations increase, metro railways will remain vital in providing
efficient, accessible, and environmentally friendly transportation solutions for urban residents.
 The success of metro railway projects underscores the importance of investing in public transit
infrastructure to address the evolving needs of urban populations and build more livable and
sustainable cities for the future.

14. REFERENCE
 THE LALLANTOP NEWS
https://youtu.be/dYTezTA2xXs?si=JktwT60ecetyN6bq
 STUDY IQ IAS
https://youtu.be/eaJZiAoImSc?si=k9q7KSAcMXxc7fDL
 THE TIMES OF INDIA
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/e-w-metros-under-river-line-zero-tolerance-
engineering-for-kolkatas-first-underwater-
track/amp_articleshow/108312735.cms?utm_source=whatsapp&utm_medium=social&utm_campai
gn=AmpArticleshowicon
 GOOGLE WIKIPEDIA
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=India+first+underwater+metro+Kolkata&title=Spe
cial%3ASearch&profile=advanced&fulltext=1&ns0=1

15. THANK
YOU