The knee joint is the largest synovial joint in the body. It is composed of three bones: the femur, tibia, and patella. The knee joint has two articulations: the tibiofemoral joint between the femur and tibia, and the patellofemoral joint between the patella and femur. The knee joint is a compound synovial joint, with the tibiofemoral joint being a hinge type and the patellofemoral joint being a plane type. The knee joint is surrounded by ligaments such as the ACL and PCL, and contains a synovial fluid within its capsule. It also contains menisci that act as cushions and increase stability.

1. KNEE JOINT
Prepared by :
- Frencess
- SalSazlina
- Nurul Hidayah
- Siti Suhaida

2. Intro
 The largest synovial joint of the body.
 Composed of 3 bones :
- femur
- tibia
- patella
 2 articulations :
- tibiofemoral
- patellofemoral

3. Tibio femoral joint
 Between the distal end of the femur
and the proximal end of the tibia

4. Patella femoral joint
 Between the posterior aspect of the
patella and the anterior intercondylar
surface of the femur

5. Type
 It is a compound synovial joint
 Tibiofemoral – synovial hinge types of
joint
 Patellofemoral – synovial plane types
of joint

6. Q angle
 It is an angle formed by two intersecting
lines :
- anterior superior illiac spine ( ASIS ) 
mid patella
- tibial tubercle  mid patella
 10° - 15° in male
 10° - 19° in female
 Increase of the angle causes the Genu
Valgum ( knock knee )
 Decrease of the angle causes the Genu

7. Q Angle

9. Capsule
 It is attached to the margins of the
articular surfaces and covering the
joint.
 Covering the joints and contains a
lubricating fluid,called the synovial
fluid.

10. Meniscus
 C- shaped sheets of fibrocartilage.
 The superior surface is in contact with the
femoral condyles.
 Inferior surface is in contact with the tibial
condyles.
 Serves as cushion to the bones &
increase the stability of the joint.
 Prevent the bones to rub at each other
while doing activities and producing a
cracking sound
 Rubbing of the bones could lead to
Osteoarthritis and other joint disease.

12. Ligaments
 Ligamentum patellae
 Lateral collateral ligament ( LCL )
 Medial collateral ligament ( MCL )
 Oblique popliteal ligament
 Cruciate ligament
 Anterior cruciate ligament ( ACL )
 Posterior cruciate ligament ( PCL )
 Transverse ligament

14. Muscles producing
movements
 Flexion – Hamstring
( semimembranosus, semitendinosus,
rectus femoris )
 Extension – Quadriceps
( vastus medialis , vastus lateralis,
vastus intermedius, rectus femoris )

15. Blood supply
 Popliteal artery
 Femoral artery
 Tibial artery

16. Nerve supply
 Femoral nerve
 Sciatic nerve
 Obturator nerve

17. THANK YOU…
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