R.H. Whittaker proposed a five kingdom classification system in 1969 that categorized organisms into the kingdoms of Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia based on cell structure, organization, nutrition, reproduction, and phylogeny. Monera contained only bacteria, which are grouped by shape. Protista contained all single-celled eukaryotes and linked the other kingdoms. Fungi constituted a unique kingdom of heterotrophic organisms with diversity in morphology and habitat. Plantae included all eukaryotic, chlorophyll-containing organisms commonly called plants. Animalia was characterized by heterotrophic, multicellular eukaryotes that directly or indirectly depend

1. Index Introduction Kingdom Monera Kingdom Protista Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Animalia Done By

3. FIVE KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION R.H. Whittaker (1969) proposed a Five Kingdom Classification. The kingdoms defined by him were named Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. The main criteria for classification used by him include cell structure, thallus organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationships.

4. KINGDOM MONERA Bacteria are the sole members of the Kingdom Monera. They are the most abundant micro-organisms. Bacteria are grouped under four categories based on their shape: The spherical Coccus , The rod-shaped Bacillus , The comma-shaped Vibrium , And The spiral Spirillum .

5. Bacillus Coccus Vibrium Spirillum

6. ARCHAEBACTERIA

7. EUBACTERIA Cyanobacteria Nostoc and Anabaena

8. Mycoplasma

9. KINGDOM PROTISTA All single-celled eukaryotes are placed under Protista , but the boundaries of this kingdom are not well defined. This kingdom forms a link with the others dealing with plants, animals and fungi. CHRYSOPHYTES Golden Algae

10. DINOFLAGELLATES Gonyaulax

11. EUGLENOIDS Euglena

12. SLIME MOULDS

13. PROTOZOANS All protozoans are heterotrophs and live as predators or parasites. They are believed to be primitive relatives of animals. There are four major groups of protozoans. Entamoeba They are: Amoeboid protozoans, Flagellated protozoans, Ciliated protozoans, Sporozoans AMOEBOID PROTOZOANS

14. Trypanosoma Paramoecium Plasmodium SPOROZOANS FLAGELLATED PROTOZOANS CILIATED PROTOZOANS

15. KINGDOM FUNGI The fungi constitute a unique kingdom of heterotrophic organisms. They show a great diversity in morphology and habitat. PHYCOMYCETES Mucor

16. ASCOMYCETES Aspergillus BASIDIOMYCETES Agaricus Ustilago

17. DEUTEROMYCETES Alternaria Trichoderma

18. KINGDOM PLANTAE Angiosperms Kingdom Plantae includes all eukaryotic chlorophyll-containing organisms commonly called plants. Gymnosperms

19. Pteridophytes

20. Bryophytes Algae

21. KINGDOM ANIMALIA This kingdom is characterised by heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms that are multicellular and their cells lack cell walls. They directly or indirectly depend on plants for food. Flatworms Birds Fish

22. Mammals Amphibians

23. Done By: S.R.Narayana Pai XI-B