Kerberos is a network authentication protocol that uses "tickets" to allow nodes on a non-secure network to prove their identity to one another securely. It provides mutual authentication and is protected against eavesdropping and replay attacks. Kerberos uses a central authentication server and ticket granting services to authenticate clients and allow them secure access to other services on the network. However, Kerberos has some limitations such as being vulnerable if the central authentication server is compromised.
An introduction to Kerberos technology. Find out how the negotiation process works and why it is considered secure. Learn what are Kerberos realms, how Kerberos authentication works and how authorization process looks like. Look through all the use cases. See how Kerberos is being used in a classical setting and in the HTTP world with SPNEGO protocol.
Deeper understanding of how Kerberos works . This understanding will work as platform to understand various attacks on it. It also show cases how symmetric key algorithm is used for confidentiality. Some references are from shaun harris CISSP books, primarily the components slide
An introduction to Kerberos technology. Find out how the negotiation process works and why it is considered secure. Learn what are Kerberos realms, how Kerberos authentication works and how authorization process looks like. Look through all the use cases. See how Kerberos is being used in a classical setting and in the HTTP world with SPNEGO protocol.
Deeper understanding of how Kerberos works . This understanding will work as platform to understand various attacks on it. It also show cases how symmetric key algorithm is used for confidentiality. Some references are from shaun harris CISSP books, primarily the components slide
Introduction to Public Key InfrastructureTheo Gravity
Adonis Fung and I worked on a project where we defined and built PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) for our local development and deployed environments. I gave a talk to our engineers on how PKI works, covering encryption, signing, trust stores, and how the HTTPS handshake works.
Abusing Microsoft Kerberos - Sorry you guys don't get itBenjamin Delpy
Talk of Skip Duckwall and I at BlackHat 2014 USA / Defcon Wall of Sheep.
Kerberos, and new pass-the-* feature, like overpass-the-hash and the Golden Ticket
Securing TCP connections using SSL
Originally developed by Netscape
Communications to allow secure access of a
browser to a Web server, Secure Sockets
Layer (SSL) has become the accepted
standard for Web security.1 The first version
of SSL was never released because of
problems regarding protection of credit
card transactions on the Web. In 1994,
Netscape created SSLv2, which made it
possible to keep credit card numbers
confidential and also authenticate the Web
server with the use of encryption and digital
certificates. In 1995, Netscape strengthened
the cryptographic algorithms and resolved
many of the security problems in SSLv2
with the release of SSLv3. SSLv3 now
supports more security algorithms
than SSLv2.
Module 4: Key Management and User Authentication
X.509 certificates- Public Key infrastructure-remote user authentication principles-remote user
authentication using symmetric and asymmetric encryption-Kerberos V5
Introduction to Public Key InfrastructureTheo Gravity
Adonis Fung and I worked on a project where we defined and built PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) for our local development and deployed environments. I gave a talk to our engineers on how PKI works, covering encryption, signing, trust stores, and how the HTTPS handshake works.
Abusing Microsoft Kerberos - Sorry you guys don't get itBenjamin Delpy
Talk of Skip Duckwall and I at BlackHat 2014 USA / Defcon Wall of Sheep.
Kerberos, and new pass-the-* feature, like overpass-the-hash and the Golden Ticket
Securing TCP connections using SSL
Originally developed by Netscape
Communications to allow secure access of a
browser to a Web server, Secure Sockets
Layer (SSL) has become the accepted
standard for Web security.1 The first version
of SSL was never released because of
problems regarding protection of credit
card transactions on the Web. In 1994,
Netscape created SSLv2, which made it
possible to keep credit card numbers
confidential and also authenticate the Web
server with the use of encryption and digital
certificates. In 1995, Netscape strengthened
the cryptographic algorithms and resolved
many of the security problems in SSLv2
with the release of SSLv3. SSLv3 now
supports more security algorithms
than SSLv2.
Module 4: Key Management and User Authentication
X.509 certificates- Public Key infrastructure-remote user authentication principles-remote user
authentication using symmetric and asymmetric encryption-Kerberos V5
If it were just BI, Kerberos, and you alone in a jungle, would you be able to survive the encounter? You will after you attend this once in a lifetime event! OK…in reality, if you come to this session, you will understand an important component you need to setup Microsoft Business Intelligence solutions with SharePoint and SQL. You will the learn basics of how Kerberos (an authentication protocol) works, when you want to use it, configuration tips, and what delegation is all about.
If it were just BI, Kerberos, and you alone in a jungle, would you be able to survive the encounter? You will after you attend this once in a lifetime event! OK…in reality, if you come to this session, you will understand an important component you need to setup Microsoft Business Intelligence solutions with SharePoint and SQL. You will the learn basics of how Kerberos (an authentication protocol) works, when you want to use it, configuration tips, and what delegation is all about.
SECURITY PRACTICE & SYSTEM SECURITY
Authentication applications – Kerberos – X.509 Authentication services – Internet Firewalls for Trusted System: Roles of Firewalls – Firewall related terminology- Types of Firewalls – Firewall designs – SET for E-Commerce Transactions. Intruder – Intrusion detection system – Virus and related threats – Countermeasures – Firewalls design principles – Trusted systems – Practical implementation of
cryptography and security.
If it were just BI, Kerberos, and you alone in a jungle, would you be able to survive the encounter? You will after you attend this once in a lifetime event! OK…in reality, if you come to this session, you will understand an important component you need to setup Microsoft Business Intelligence solutions with SharePoint and SQL. You will the learn basics of how Kerberos (an authentication protocol) works, when you want to use it, configuration tips, and what delegation is all about.
The WiKID Strong Authentication Systems OverviewNick Owen
A high-level overview of the WiKID Strong Authentication System, a dual-source, software-based, two-factor authentication solution. WiKID uses public-key cryptography unlike most token systems and is therefore a secure, extensible replacement for hardware tokens.
SharePoint Saturday Kansas City - Kerberos Survival GuideJ.D. Wade
If it were just BI, Kerberos, and you alone in a jungle, would you be able to survive the encounter? You will after you attend this once in a lifetime event! OK…in reality, if you come to this session, you will understand an important component you need to setup Microsoft Business Intelligence solutions with SharePoint and SQL. You will the learn basics of how Kerberos (an authentication protocol) works, when you want to use it, configuration tips, and what delegation is all about.
InfoSecurity Europe 2015 - Identities Exposed by David JohanssonDavid Johansson
Privacy Risks with Using Client Certificates for Authentication
Know the risks to user privacy when client certificate authentication is used, and be aware of how attackers can spoof web sites to expose the identity of connecting clients.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
2. Kerberos (protocol)
◦ Kerberos is a computer network authentication protocol
◦ Works on the basis of 'tickets' to allow nodes communicating over a non-secure network
◦ Prove their identity to one another in a secure manner
◦ Aimed primarily at a client–server model and it provides mutual authentication
◦ Protected against eavesdropping and replay attacks
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
3. Microsoft Windows, UNIX & Kerberos
◦ Windows 2000 and later uses Kerberos as its default authentication method
◦ Documentation:
◦ RFC 3244 "Microsoft Windows 2000 Kerberos Change Password and Set Password Protocols"
◦ RFC 4757 documents Microsoft's use of the RC4 cipher
◦ Include software for Kerberos authentication of users or services
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
4. Components
Principal Realm
KDC
AS TGS
Client Server
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
5. Mechanism
• Client authenticates itself to the Authentication
Server (AS) which forwards the username to a Key
distribution center (KDC)
• KDC issues a Ticket Granting Ticket (TGT), which is
time stamped
• Encrypts it using the user's password and returns the
encrypted result to the user's workstation
• TGT remains valid until it expires, though may be
transparently renewed by the user's session manager
while they are logged in
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
6. Mechanism
When the client needs to communicate with
another node
• Client sends the TGT to the Ticket Granting
Service (TGS)
• After verifying the TGT is valid and the user is
permitted to access the requested service
• TGS issues a Ticket and session keys, which are
returned to the client
• Client then sends the Ticket to the service
server (SS) along with its service request
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
7. User Client-based Logon
◦ User enters a username and password on the client machines
◦ Client transforms the password into the key of a symmetric cipher
◦ Either uses the built in key scheduling or a one-way hash depending the cipher-suite used
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
8. Client Authentication
◦ Client sends a clear text message of the user ID to the AS requesting services on behalf of the
user
◦ AS generates the secret key by hashing the password of the user found at the database
◦ AS checks to see if the client is in its database
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
9. Client Authentication
◦ If it is, the AS sends back the
following two messages to the
client:
◦ Message A: Client/TGS Session Key
encrypted using the secret key of the
client/user.
◦ Message B: Ticket-Granting-Ticket
(which includes the client ID, client
network address, ticket validity period,
and the client/TGS session key)
encrypted using the secret key of the
TGS.
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
10. Client Service Authorization
◦ Client attempts to decrypt message A with the secret key generated from the password
entered by the user
◦ If the password does not match the password in the AS database, the client's secret key will
be different and thus unable to decrypt message A
◦ With a valid password and secret key the client decrypts message A to obtain the Client/TGS
Session Key
◦ Session key is used for further communications with the TGS
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
11. Client Service Authorization
When requesting services, the client sends
the following two messages to the TGS
◦ Message C: Composed of the TGT from
message B and the ID of the requested
service.
◦ Message D: Authenticator (which is
composed of the client ID and the
timestamp), encrypted using the Client/TGS
Session Key.
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
12. Client Service Authorization
◦ Upon receiving messages C and D, the TGS retrieves message B out of message C
◦ Decrypts message B using the TGS secret key
◦ Gives it the "client/TGS session key“
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
13. Client Service Authorization
Using this "client/TGS session key“, the TGS
decrypts message D
Sends the following two messages to the
client:
◦ Message E: Client-to-server ticket (which
includes the client ID, client network address,
validity period and Client/Server Session Key)
encrypted using the service's secret key.
◦ Message F: Client/Server Session Key encrypted
with the Client/TGS Session Key.
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
14. Client Service Request
Upon receiving messages E and F from TGS
◦ Client has enough information to authenticate
itself to the SS
◦ Client connects to the SS and sends the following
two messages
◦ Message E from the previous step (the client-to-server ticket,
encrypted using service's secret key).
◦ Message G: a new Authenticator, which includes the client
ID, timestamp and is encrypted using Client/Server Session
Key.
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
15. Client Service Request
◦ SS decrypts the ticket using its own secret key to retrieve the Client/Server
Session Key
◦ SS decrypts the Authenticator and sends the following message to the client
to confirm its true identity and willingness to serve the client
◦ Message H: the timestamp found in client's Authenticator plus 1, encrypted using the Client/Server
Session Key.
◦ Client decrypts the confirmation using the Client/Server Session Key
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
16. Client Service Request
◦ Checks whether the timestamp is correctly updated
◦ Client can trust the server and can start issuing service requests to the server
◦ Server provides the requested services to the client
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
17. Kerberos Authentication Process ( Cross
Domain)
◦ Client in Domain 1 wishes to access a network resource in remote Domain 2
◦ The client has already been authenticated to KDC in Domain 1 and has received TGT
◦ The client presents TGT to KDC in Domain 1 and request a TGS to access the remote resources
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
18. Kerberos Authentication Process ( Cross
Domain)
◦ The KDC in Domain 1 cannot provide TGS to network resource in Domain 2. Instead, KDC in
Domain 1 respond to the client with TGT for Domain 2
◦ The client presents the new TGT to KDC in domain 2
◦ The KDC in Domain 2 responds with TGS fro the network resource
◦ The client accesses the Network resource in Domain 2 using the new TGS
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
19. Drawbacks and Limitations
Single point of failure
Kerberos has strict time requirements
Administration protocol is not standardized
All authentications are controlled by a centralized KDC
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
20. Drawbacks and Limitations
Each network service which requires a different host name
Requires user accounts, user clients and the services on the
server to all have a trusted relationship to the Kerberos token
server
Required client trust makes creating staged environments
difficult
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India
21. Weakness in Kerberos Protocol
Susceptible to offline password cracks
Password cracking tools : “l0phtcrack” able to demonstrate the vulnerability
If TGT stolen, the attacker can access n/w until the session expires
Severe effects if KDC is compromised
http://www.ifour-consultancy.com Offshore software development company India