1. Joints
The place where two bones meet
Fibrous Joints of the skull

2. Joints
► Are
classified according to the degree
of movement.
►Immovable
►Slightly movable
►Freely movable
► Joints can also be grouped by the type
of tissue
►Fibrous,
cartilaginous, & synovial

3. Fibrous Joints
► A thin layer of dense
connective tissue joins the
bones.
► No appreciable movement,
limited flexibility.
EX. Sutures of the skull.

4. Cartilaginous Joints
► Disks of fibrocartilage or hyaline
cartilage.
► Slightly flexible and allows
limited movement.
► Disks help absorb shock and
helps to equalize pressure
between adjacent vertebrae.
Ex. Intervertebral disk, symphysis
pubis, & first rib of the sternum
disks

5. Synovial Joints
► Synovial joints allow for
Spongy
bone
Joint capsule
Synovia
l fluid
Articular
cartilage
Synovial
membrane
free movement.
► Articular ends are
covered with hyaline
cartilage and a tubular
capsule holding them in
place.
► The synovial membrane
secretes synovial fluid
which helps lubricate
the joints.

6. Types of Synovial Joints
► Ball
& Socket, allows a wider range of
motion than does any other kind. Permits
movement in all planes.
►Shoulder
► Gliding,
nearly flat
►Wrist,
► Hinge,
one
and Hip (movement in more than one plane)
ankle, & adjacent vertebrae
convex surface fits into a concave
►Elbow and
plane)
Phalanges (permits movement in one

7. Types of Synovial Joints
► Pivot
Joint, movement is limited to the
rotation around a central axis.
►neck
and proximal ends of the radius & ulna.
► Saddle
Joint, allows movement in two
directions, but without rotation.
►thumb
► Condyloid,
rotation.
movement in all planes, but no
►Metacarpals
and phalanges

8. Synovial Joint
► Ball & Socket Joint
 Freely movable in all
planes
► Movement in all planes
► Shoulder and hip

9. Gliding Joints
► Gliding Joints
 Nearly Flat
 Wrist and Ankle
► Sliding or twisting
► Wrist and ankle

10. Hinge Joint
► Convex surface
articulates with a
convex surface
► Flexion & Extension
► EX: Elbow, Knee and
Phalanges

11. Pivot Joint
► Cylindrical surface of
one bone articulates
with ring of another
► Rotation
► Proximal end of the
radius and ulna and
neck

12. Saddle Joint
► Articulating surfaces
have both concave
and convex surfaces
► Variety of movements
► thumb

13. Condyloid Joint
► Oval end articulates
with an elliptical cavity
► Variety of movements
► Joints between the
metacarpals and
phalanges