During the New Kingdom of Egypt (1540-1070 BC), the empire expanded greatly through military conquests and trade. This led to centuries of political stability and cultural prosperity. Major accomplishments included expanding the empire more than ever before, building grand temples and monuments like the Valley of the Kings, and establishing Egypt as the dominant military power. However, by the end of the New Kingdom, Egypt faced invasions, civil unrest, and financial difficulties due to constant warfare, leading to the decline of the once great empire.

1. NEW KINGDOM ANCIENT
EGYPT
1540-1070 BC

2. WHY WAS THE NEW KINGDOM
CONSIDERED THE GOLDEN ERA?
• During the New Kingdom the empire was expanded through trade and war. This
brought centuries of political stability and prosperity, as well extravagant
architecture and artistic changes to Egypt.

3. 1. The New
Kingdom Of
Egypt was
began by
Ahmose I
2. Ahmose
removed the
Hyksos from
Egypt
3. Ahmose
expands
Amun
Temple

4. NEW KINGDOM-NEW BEGINNINGS
• Largest expansion of Egypt in history
• Building of the greatest temples: Amun temple, Valley of the Kings , Luxor to name a
few
• Best military in Egyptian history
• Greatest leaders in Egyptian history

5. DECLINE OF THE GREAT EMPIRE
• Pharaoh Ramses III was the last great leader of Egypt.
• Egypt split into two Kingdoms
• Financial difficulties due to battles
• Egypt lost Palestine and Syria
• Suffered invasions from Lybians
• Droughts, famines, and civil unrest

6. MAJOR EVENTS
• Ahmose I removed the Hyskos from Egypt
• Amenhotep I seperates his mortuary and royal tomb.
• Thutmose I expands Egypt to Mesopotamia. Making Egypt the largest its ever been.
• Thutmose III reorganizes the bureaucracy of the military
• Hapshetsut rules while her stepson Thutmose III is too young to rule. Her rule
brought great prosperity
• Egyptians invent the sundial
• Egyptians create a canal to connect the Red Sea and the Nile river
• Seti I builds Valley of the Kings tomb

7. MAJOR EVENTS
• Battle of Kadesh brought the first peace treaty between Egypt and the Hittites
• Ramesses III defeats sea people. Was the last great leader of the New Kingdom

8. MAJOR FESTIVALS
• Opening of the year festival. Signified rebirth and rejuvenation
• Thoth festival celebrated the God Thoth
• Wagy festival celebrated the dead. Mortuary rituals were performed to
communicate with the dead.
• Sokar festival was a 6 day event celebrating the God Osiris
• Procession of Min worshipped the King
• Sadj festival also celebrated the dead
• Feast of the Valley priest carried the image of Amun down the Nile to celebrate him

9. ENEMIES OF EGYPT
• Nubians
• Asiatics
• Hittites
• Hyskos
• Sea People
• These enemies were defeated in the New Kingdom but regained there power by the
end of the era

10. MAJOR RULERS OF THE NEW KINGDOM
• Ahmose I began the New Kingdom by defeating and evicting the Hyskos
• Hatshepsut a female ruler who ruled for Thutmose III because he was too young.
Her rule brought great prosperity to Egypt
• Thutmose III was a great military ruler that expanded Egypt to the greatest it had
ever been
• Amenhotep III brought monotheism to Egypt. After his rule polytheism was once
again restored but this was the first time monotheism was introduced
• Ramesses II recovered territories. Brought a peace treaty with the Hittites. This was
the first peace treaty ever enforced. He had many, many children
• Ramesses III defeated the sea people. The heavy cost of war during his reign was
ultimately the decline of Egypt’s New Kingdom

11. 18TH DYNASTY RULERS
• Ahmose 1550-1525
• Amenhotep I1525-1504
• Thutmose I 1504-1492
• Thutmose II 1492-1479
• Hatshepsut 1479-1425
• Thutmose III 1473-1458
• Amenhotep II 1427-1400
• Thutmose IV 1400-1390
• Amenhotep III 1390-1352
• Amenhotep IV(Akhenaten) 1352-1336
• Smenkhkare 1338-1336
• Tutankhamun 1336-1327
• Ay 1327-1323
• Horemheb 1323-1295

12. 19TH DYNASTY RULERS
• Rameses I 1295-1294
• Seti I 1294-1279
• Rameses II 1279-1213
• Merenptah 1213-1203
• Amenmessu 1203-1200
• Sety II 1200-1194
• Saptah 1194-1188
• Tausret 1188-1186

13. 20TH DYNASTY RULERS
• Setnakht 1186-1184
• Rameses III 1184-1153
• Rameses IV 1153-1147
• Rameses V 1147-1143
• Rameses VI 1143-1136
• Rameses VII 1136-1129
• Rameses VIII 1129-1126
• Rameses IX 1126-1108
• Rameses X 1108-1099
• Rameses XI 1099-1069

14. LANGUAGE AND WRITING
• Mainly verbal communication
• Heiroglyphics
• Art and paintings
• Wrote on papyrus
• Priests mainly were the ones who did
The writing

15. CULTURE
• Very religious. Worshipped many Gods
• The New Kingdom had a warlike mindset
• Women performed household duties and sold woven items and jewelery at the
market
• Workers were paid and valued in society
• State provided homes and some furniture
• Small but nice homes. Very tidy
• No marriage ceremonies, divorce was common, adultery was not accepted

16. SOCIAL STRUCTURE
• Pharaoh (God Like)
• Social elite
• Nobles
• Scribes, accountants, doctors
• Workers, craftsman, soldiers, and builders
• Slaves, servants

17. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
• Sundial
• 365 day calendar
• Papyrus
• Moved away from pyramid building and started building temples

18. AGRICULTURE
• Irrigation was used to water crops
• Wheat and barley were the most important crops
• Bread and beer were main staples of nourishment made from the wheat and barley
• Dates , figs, garlic, and onions were also grown in ancient Egypt

19. MILITARY ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• Hyskos invasion. Ahmose defeated the Hyskos . This protected the eastern border
• Battle of Delta. Ramesses III defeated the sea people and saved Egypt from
destruction
• Battle of Kadesh. This battle was the first to have been recorded, which gave us
knowledge of formations and strategies used. This battle ended with both sides
thinking they won. The battle ended with both sides enetering into a first ever peace
treaty.

20. RELIGION
• Polytheistic- worshipped several Gods
• Main Gods worshipped were: Osiris-God of afterlife, Aman-merciful judge of
afterlife, Anubis- God of death, Isis- God of mothers and children, Horus-god of
kingship, Seth-god of disruptive power, Nebhet- creator Goddess, Thoth- God of
knowledge and writing
• Amenhotep IV changed his name to Akhenaten to worship the God Amun. He
brought about monotheism to worship Amun

21. EDUCATION
• Education had previously been only for priests and social elite
• During the New Kingdom more educated people were needed
• Sons usually inherited their fathers’ trade by working as an apprentice until he came
of age to marry.

22. MAJOR CITIES
HIGHLIGHTED ARE THE CAPITALS DURING THE NEW
KINGDOM ERA

23. THEBES
• Thebes was the capital of Egypt
• Covered over 36 square miles of land
• Was the center for worshipping the God Amun
• The Valley of the Kings, The valley of the Queens, Ramesseum temple, and the
grand Templeof Queen Hatshesut all reside in Thebes
• Was known as the holy city

24. MEMPHIS
To be accepted as a king of Egypt, one needed to be crowned at Memphis.
• Memphis was also the principal place of the cult of the god Ptah, who is accepted as
a creator-god in the region
• Memphis was founded by Menes, the first king of Egypt

25. THEBES IS THE PLACE TO BE!!!
Temple of Hatshepsut
At Dayr al Bahri

26. VALLEY OF THE KINGS
THEBES
• The valley is known to contain 63 tombs
• the principal burial place of the major royal
Figures
Royal tombs were decorated with religious texts
Thutmose I the first to be buried at The Valley of
The Kings

27. EGYPTIAN ART
• . C. Commissioning magnificent
buildings and statues, obelisks and temples gave pharaohs the
opportunity to show off their wealthommissioning magnificent buildings
and statues, obelisks and temples gave pharaohs the opportunity to
show off their wealth

28. ART

29. ART OF THE GOLDEN ERA
• Pharaohs built extravagant buildings, statues, obelisks, and temples to show off
their wealth and generosity, and to honor the Gods.
• Art evolves during the New Kingdom. Portraits of men and women become more
feminine
• During Akhenaten’s reign Kings and Queens had skinny shoulders and large hips

30. ECONOMY
• Money was obtained through wars. Particularly Nubia’s Gold
• Money was used to honor God’s
• Rebuilding and building new temples to honor gods

31. TRANSPORTATION
• had a high stern and bow
• equipped with cabins at both ends

32. TRANSPORTATION
• The wheel was introduced in this era
• Horse and carriage were used by pharaohs and the nobles for hunting excursions
• Commoners walked or rode donkeys

33. HOUSING
• Homes were small
• Little furniture
• Tidy
• Slept on roof when
hot

34. ENTERTAINMENT
• Hunting, fishing, archery, wrestling, boxing are some of the sports played in New
Kingdom Egypt
• Board games were played with families or at gatherings
• Banquets are held often and include Food, beer, music

35. ENTERTAINMENT
• Costumes are used by the wealthy
• Makeup is used by men and women to keep bugs and dirt off them
• Shaved heads kept them from getting lice
• Wigs were worn

36. GOVERNMENT
• Pharaohs held the main role in government
• Pharaohs appointed other officials to carry out duties
• Priests played a large role in government
• Oracles passed judgement on criminals based on what the Gods told them.
This led to the priesthood gaining too much power and had a helping hand in the
decline of the New Kingdom

37. GOVERNMENT
• The government was reorganized into a military state
• The pharaoh ruled from his residence-city in the north, and Memphis remained the
hallowed capital where the pharaoh was crowned and his jubilees celebrated.
• Upper Egypt was governed from Thebes

38. THEBES THE PLACE TO BE
• Come visit Thebes the holy city
• Many festivals to celebrate
• Reasonable lodging with furniture
• Entertainment: games, food, sports, art, architecture
• Plenty to do and see in Thebes
• Safe place to visit
• A very prosperous place to visit

39. REFERENCES
• Cg. "Virtual-Egypt - The Egyptian People's Papyrus." Virtual-Egypt - The Egyptian People's Papyrus. The
Rest Copyright 1998-2012 All Rights Reserved Www.Virtual-Egypt.com, n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2016.
• Col. (Ret.) David G. Hansen PhD. "Moses and Hatshepsut." Moses and Hatshepsut. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Dec.
2016.
• "Egyptian New Kingdom Architecture(1550-1069 BCE)." Egyptian New Kingdom Architecture. Electra, Milan,
n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2016.
• "Egyptian New Kingdom." Egyptian New Kingdom. Word Press, n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2016.
• "Egypt's Golden Empire." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2016.
• Kinnaer, Jacques. "The Ancient Egypt Site." The Ancient Egypt Site. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2016.
• Mertz, Barbara G. "Memphis." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 26 Nov. 2008. Web.
11 Dec. 2016.
•
• Https://www.facebook.com/pages/AncientClassical-History/265812982591. "Ancient Egypt 1552-664 B.C."
About.com Education. V Library of Congress Country Studies, 30 Nov. 2010. Web. 14 Dec. 2016.
<http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/egypt/a/locegyptnewking.htm>.

40. JODY BOUILLON
• Western Civilization 131-03
• Tracy Riordan
• Dec 14, 2016