JE ppt.ppt
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Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a viral disease transmitted by Culex mosquitoes that infects humans and animals. It is a major public health problem in Asia, where an estimated 50,000 cases and 10,000 deaths occur annually. The virus is maintained in a cycle between mosquitoes and amplifying hosts like pigs and wading birds. Mosquitoes become infected by feeding on infected hosts and transmit the virus to humans and horses. The virus enters through the mosquito bite and travels to the brain, where it can cause neurological damage and symptoms ranging from fever and headache to convulsions and coma. Prevention strategies focus on mosquito control through spraying and reducing breeding habitats, as well as vaccines for humans.
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Japanese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis presentation for undergraduate medical students under preventive social medicine studying in india.
Japanese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease that is common in parts of Asia. It is transmitted to humans via bites from infected Culex mosquitoes. While most infections cause mild symptoms or no symptoms, approximately 1 in 250 infections result in encephalitis, which can be fatal in 30% of cases. Survivors often face permanent neurological impairments. Control efforts focus on vaccination programs and reducing mosquito populations in areas like rice paddies where they breed.
Japanese Encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). While most infections result in little or no symptoms, occasional inflammation of the brain occurs. In these cases, symptoms may include headache, vomiting, fever, confusion and seizures. This occurs about 5 to 15 days after infection.
JE & Filariasis.pptx
Japanese Encephalitis and Filariasis are mosquito-borne diseases. Japanese Encephalitis is caused by a flavivirus transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. It is a seasonal disease prevalent from May to October in rural areas of Asia and the Pacific. Filariasis is caused by nematode worms Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi transmitted by Culex and Mansonia mosquitoes. It is widespread in tropical areas and a major cause of disability. Both diseases are associated with poverty and lack of sanitation, as mosquitoes breed in stagnant water. Control relies on integrated vector management including larval source reduction and insecticide spraying.
Japanese encephalitis_6th batch_NAIHS_Devlop Shrestha
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. Pigs and wading birds are natural hosts that help transmit the virus in a zoonotic cycle, with humans as accidental hosts. Children under 15 are most at risk. Cases peak during the rainy season in rural agricultural areas with rice cultivation and pig farming. There is no cure, but vaccination programs can help prevent disease.
japanese encephalitis
This document provides information on Japanese encephalitis (JE), including its classification, epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. JE is an arboviral infection transmitted by mosquitoes that primarily affects pigs, horses and humans. It is endemic in parts of Asia and the Pacific. The virus is maintained in a bird-mosquito cycle, with pigs acting as amplifying hosts. Transmission occurs mainly by Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes. Most human infections are asymptomatic, but it can cause acute encephalitis with high mortality and neurologic sequelae. Prevention focuses on personal protection from mosquito bites and vaccination in at-risk areas.
Japanese Encephalitis
This document provides information on Japanese encephalitis (JE), including its classification, epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. JE is an arboviral infection transmitted by mosquitoes that primarily affects pigs, horses and humans. It is endemic in parts of Asia and the Pacific. The virus is maintained in a bird-mosquito cycle, with pigs acting as amplifying hosts. Transmission occurs mainly by Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes. Most human cases are asymptomatic, but it can cause acute encephalitis with high mortality and neurologic sequelae. Prevention focuses on personal protection from mosquito bites and vaccination in at-risk areas.
Chicken gunya and je
Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease transmitted through mosquito bites, primarily affecting children under 15 years of age. It is endemic in many parts of Asia, with an estimated 50,000 cases and 10,000 deaths annually. The virus is maintained in a zoonotic cycle between mosquitoes and pigs, birds, and horses, with humans as accidental hosts. There is no antiviral treatment available, so management focuses on supportive care and controlling mosquito vectors through integrated vector management strategies including larvicide use, insecticide spraying, and insecticide-treated bed nets. Vaccination programs aim to control the disease in endemic regions.
Recommended
Japanese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis presentation for undergraduate medical students under preventive social medicine studying in india.
Japanese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease that is common in parts of Asia. It is transmitted to humans via bites from infected Culex mosquitoes. While most infections cause mild symptoms or no symptoms, approximately 1 in 250 infections result in encephalitis, which can be fatal in 30% of cases. Survivors often face permanent neurological impairments. Control efforts focus on vaccination programs and reducing mosquito populations in areas like rice paddies where they breed.
Japanese Encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). While most infections result in little or no symptoms, occasional inflammation of the brain occurs. In these cases, symptoms may include headache, vomiting, fever, confusion and seizures. This occurs about 5 to 15 days after infection.
JE & Filariasis.pptx
Japanese Encephalitis and Filariasis are mosquito-borne diseases. Japanese Encephalitis is caused by a flavivirus transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. It is a seasonal disease prevalent from May to October in rural areas of Asia and the Pacific. Filariasis is caused by nematode worms Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi transmitted by Culex and Mansonia mosquitoes. It is widespread in tropical areas and a major cause of disability. Both diseases are associated with poverty and lack of sanitation, as mosquitoes breed in stagnant water. Control relies on integrated vector management including larval source reduction and insecticide spraying.
Japanese encephalitis_6th batch_NAIHS_Devlop Shrestha
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. Pigs and wading birds are natural hosts that help transmit the virus in a zoonotic cycle, with humans as accidental hosts. Children under 15 are most at risk. Cases peak during the rainy season in rural agricultural areas with rice cultivation and pig farming. There is no cure, but vaccination programs can help prevent disease.
japanese encephalitis
This document provides information on Japanese encephalitis (JE), including its classification, epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. JE is an arboviral infection transmitted by mosquitoes that primarily affects pigs, horses and humans. It is endemic in parts of Asia and the Pacific. The virus is maintained in a bird-mosquito cycle, with pigs acting as amplifying hosts. Transmission occurs mainly by Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes. Most human infections are asymptomatic, but it can cause acute encephalitis with high mortality and neurologic sequelae. Prevention focuses on personal protection from mosquito bites and vaccination in at-risk areas.
Japanese Encephalitis
This document provides information on Japanese encephalitis (JE), including its classification, epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. JE is an arboviral infection transmitted by mosquitoes that primarily affects pigs, horses and humans. It is endemic in parts of Asia and the Pacific. The virus is maintained in a bird-mosquito cycle, with pigs acting as amplifying hosts. Transmission occurs mainly by Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes. Most human cases are asymptomatic, but it can cause acute encephalitis with high mortality and neurologic sequelae. Prevention focuses on personal protection from mosquito bites and vaccination in at-risk areas.
Chicken gunya and je
Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease transmitted through mosquito bites, primarily affecting children under 15 years of age. It is endemic in many parts of Asia, with an estimated 50,000 cases and 10,000 deaths annually. The virus is maintained in a zoonotic cycle between mosquitoes and pigs, birds, and horses, with humans as accidental hosts. There is no antiviral treatment available, so management focuses on supportive care and controlling mosquito vectors through integrated vector management strategies including larvicide use, insecticide spraying, and insecticide-treated bed nets. Vaccination programs aim to control the disease in endemic regions.
Japanese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease that affects humans and animals. It is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus and transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. Pigs act as amplifying hosts and birds of the family Ardeidae are the natural reservoir. The disease is endemic in parts of Asia and the Pacific. Symptoms in humans range from mild febrile illness to severe encephalitis. There is no specific antiviral treatment, with supportive care being the main approach. Prevention involves mosquito control measures and vaccination programs.
Rabies.pptx
Introduction,
Etiology
Symptoms
Investigations
Management
Post and Pre Exposure Prophylaxis
Reexposure prophylaxis
Rabies
Rabies
Presented by- Dr. Mohammad Rehan
DNB Medicine
SDMH Jaipur
Moderator- Dr. Madhulika Sharma
HOD (General Medicine)
DOG BITE and it's Management-RAVINDRA G O
Dog and other animal bites can cause direct injury or secondary infections. Dog bites are most common, while human and cat bites often lead to bacterial infections. Rabies is a major concern for some animal bites. Treatment involves wound cleaning, antibiotics if needed, rabies post-exposure prophylaxis including rabies immunoglobulin and vaccination, depending on the category of exposure. Rabies vaccination schedules can vary but aim to induce protective antibodies to prevent disease if exposed to rabies.
japenese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease transmitted by Culex mosquitoes that infects the central nervous system. Most infections cause mild flu-like symptoms, but 1 in 200 can result in severe disease with high fever, disorientation, seizures, and potentially death. The virus was first identified in India in 1955 and outbreaks have since occurred across 24 Indian states, predominantly in Uttar Pradesh. Diagnosis involves testing for antibodies in blood and spinal fluid. While there is no cure, treatment focuses on relieving symptoms, and prevention centers on reducing mosquito bites through nets, repellents, and community clean-up efforts.
japenese encephalitis
A rare and viral disease caused by Flavi virus that infects animals and human which is transmitted by Culex mosquitoes in humans called japenese encephalitis
japenese encephalitis
A rare and viral disease caused by Flavi virus that infects animals and humans. It is transmitted by Culex mosquitoes in humans called japanese encephalitis
Rabies
Rabies is a fatal viral disease transmitted through the saliva of infected mammals, mostly dogs. It causes an estimated 59,000 human deaths annually worldwide, with the majority in Asia and Africa. In Nepal, around 30,000 cases occur annually in pets and over 100 human cases. It is transmitted through bites or scratches that allow the virus access to the central nervous system. Post-exposure prophylaxis within days of exposure can prevent disease if administered promptly according to WHO guidelines. There is no cure once symptoms develop.
Lec on rabies
Rabies is a fatal viral disease transmitted through the saliva of infected mammals, most commonly dogs. The virus causes acute encephalitis and ultimately death. There are 5 stages of rabies infection: incubation, prodromal, acute neurological, coma, and death or recovery. Post-exposure prophylaxis includes wound cleansing, rabies immunoglobulin, and rabies vaccination to prevent the virus from reaching the central nervous system. Mass dog vaccination and stray dog control are important for rabies prevention.
Arbovirus An Overview
This document provides an overview of arboviruses, which are RNA viruses transmitted by arthropod vectors like mosquitoes and ticks. It discusses several major arbovirus types including flaviviruses, togaviruses, and bunyaviruses. Key aspects summarized are:
1. Arboviruses can infect both humans and animals, with transmission occurring via bites from infected mosquitoes, ticks, or sandflies.
2. Major arboviruses described include yellow fever, dengue, West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. Symptoms range from mild fever and rash to severe encephalitis or hemorrhagic fever
Japanese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease transmitted through mosquito bites that causes neurological symptoms. It is primarily spread between water birds and pigs, with humans as accidental hosts. The document outlines the signs, transmission, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of Japanese encephalitis, including vaccination and vector control programs. The goal of prevention and control measures is to reduce mosquito populations and encourage personal protection against bites.
Rabies. The presentation for community medicine
This presentation include the rabies causes, management, treatment and association with dogs and cats
JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS- OVERVIEW
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease that causes neurological symptoms like seizures. It is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus and transmitted in a zoonotic cycle between mosquitoes, pigs, and water birds. Humans are accidental hosts and do not spread the virus. Symptoms include sudden headache, seizures, disorientation, and paralysis. Diagnosis involves antibody and antigen detection in blood or cerebrospinal fluid samples. There is no specific treatment, so care is supportive. Prevention strategies include mosquito control measures and vaccines.
JAPANESE B ENCEPHALITIS CONTROL PROGRAMME
1. Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease transmitted through mosquito bites that causes brain swelling and inflammation.
2. The virus has a zoonotic transmission cycle between mosquitoes, pigs, and water birds, though humans are accidental hosts.
3. Symptoms range from fever and headache to meningitis or encephalitis. There is no specific treatment, so care is supportive.
Rabies: Considerations to Nursing
Rabies is a fatal viral disease transmitted through the saliva of infected mammals. It causes acute inflammation of the brain and is nearly 100% fatal in humans if left untreated. Dogs are the primary source of human rabies infections. Post-exposure prophylaxis, consisting of wound cleansing, rabies immune globulin injection, and a vaccine series, is highly effective in preventing the disease if administered promptly after exposure. No approved treatments exist once symptoms develop, making vaccination an important part of rabies prevention.
Arthropode infection
Arthropods form a major group of disease vectors with mosquitoes, flies, sand flies, lice, fleas, ticks and mites transmitting a huge number of diseases.
Yellow fever
Yellow fever is caused by a virus transmitted through the bites of infected mosquitoes. It affects the liver and kidneys, causing symptoms like fever, headache, muscle aches and vomiting in the early stages. Later stages can involve more severe symptoms like jaundice and bleeding. Diagnosis is made through blood tests detecting antibodies or viral RNA. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and supportive care. Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure, providing long-term immunity against the disease. Reducing mosquito populations through vector control also helps limit transmission.
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease caused by Leptospira bacteria that can infect both humans and animals. It is transmitted through contact with water or soil contaminated by the urine of infected animals. Common symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches, vomiting, and jaundice. The incubation period is usually 10 days. Diagnosis is confirmed through lab tests of body fluids and tissues. Treatment involves antibiotics like penicillin or doxycycline. Prevention relies on vaccination of animals, proper sanitation, and health education.
Rickettsiae are intracellular bacteria transmitted by ticks, mites, fleas or lice. Rickettsial infections cause fever, rash, and enlargement of organs
Rabies
Rabies is a viral disease spread to humans through bites or scratches from infected animals like dogs. It causes inflammation of the brain and is fatal without treatment. The rabies virus travels through the nervous system from the site of infection to the brain. Symptoms in humans include fear of water, increased reflexes, and mental changes. Post-exposure prophylaxis includes wound cleansing, vaccine administration, and other measures to prevent the virus from reaching the nervous system. Pre-exposure prophylaxis through vaccination is recommended for those at high risk of exposure like animal handlers.
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The document provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the nose, throat, and larynx. It describes the structures and functions of the external nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx including its three parts (nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx), and larynx. Key points covered include the bones and cartilages that support the nose, the nasal septum that divides the nasal cavity, the role of the turbinates and meatuses, ciliary function in the nose, and the lymphoid tissues throughout the pharynx including tonsils.
calorimeter.ppt
Colorimetry is a common analytical technique used in clinical laboratories to estimate the concentration of colored substances. It works by measuring how much light a colored solution absorbs, which follows Beer's and Lambert's laws - the amount of light absorbed increases with increasing concentration and path length of the solution. A colorimeter uses a light source, filters to select the wavelength, a sample holder cuvette, and detector to measure the light absorbed and calculate the concentration. Regular maintenance such as cleaning optics and replacing worn parts is needed to ensure accurate operation.
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Similar to JE ppt.ppt
Japanese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease that affects humans and animals. It is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus and transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. Pigs act as amplifying hosts and birds of the family Ardeidae are the natural reservoir. The disease is endemic in parts of Asia and the Pacific. Symptoms in humans range from mild febrile illness to severe encephalitis. There is no specific antiviral treatment, with supportive care being the main approach. Prevention involves mosquito control measures and vaccination programs.
Rabies.pptx
Introduction,
Etiology
Symptoms
Investigations
Management
Post and Pre Exposure Prophylaxis
Reexposure prophylaxis
Rabies
Rabies
Presented by- Dr. Mohammad Rehan
DNB Medicine
SDMH Jaipur
Moderator- Dr. Madhulika Sharma
HOD (General Medicine)
DOG BITE and it's Management-RAVINDRA G O
Dog and other animal bites can cause direct injury or secondary infections. Dog bites are most common, while human and cat bites often lead to bacterial infections. Rabies is a major concern for some animal bites. Treatment involves wound cleaning, antibiotics if needed, rabies post-exposure prophylaxis including rabies immunoglobulin and vaccination, depending on the category of exposure. Rabies vaccination schedules can vary but aim to induce protective antibodies to prevent disease if exposed to rabies.
japenese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease transmitted by Culex mosquitoes that infects the central nervous system. Most infections cause mild flu-like symptoms, but 1 in 200 can result in severe disease with high fever, disorientation, seizures, and potentially death. The virus was first identified in India in 1955 and outbreaks have since occurred across 24 Indian states, predominantly in Uttar Pradesh. Diagnosis involves testing for antibodies in blood and spinal fluid. While there is no cure, treatment focuses on relieving symptoms, and prevention centers on reducing mosquito bites through nets, repellents, and community clean-up efforts.
japenese encephalitis
A rare and viral disease caused by Flavi virus that infects animals and human which is transmitted by Culex mosquitoes in humans called japenese encephalitis
japenese encephalitis
A rare and viral disease caused by Flavi virus that infects animals and humans. It is transmitted by Culex mosquitoes in humans called japanese encephalitis
Rabies
Rabies is a fatal viral disease transmitted through the saliva of infected mammals, mostly dogs. It causes an estimated 59,000 human deaths annually worldwide, with the majority in Asia and Africa. In Nepal, around 30,000 cases occur annually in pets and over 100 human cases. It is transmitted through bites or scratches that allow the virus access to the central nervous system. Post-exposure prophylaxis within days of exposure can prevent disease if administered promptly according to WHO guidelines. There is no cure once symptoms develop.
Lec on rabies
Rabies is a fatal viral disease transmitted through the saliva of infected mammals, most commonly dogs. The virus causes acute encephalitis and ultimately death. There are 5 stages of rabies infection: incubation, prodromal, acute neurological, coma, and death or recovery. Post-exposure prophylaxis includes wound cleansing, rabies immunoglobulin, and rabies vaccination to prevent the virus from reaching the central nervous system. Mass dog vaccination and stray dog control are important for rabies prevention.
Arbovirus An Overview
This document provides an overview of arboviruses, which are RNA viruses transmitted by arthropod vectors like mosquitoes and ticks. It discusses several major arbovirus types including flaviviruses, togaviruses, and bunyaviruses. Key aspects summarized are:
1. Arboviruses can infect both humans and animals, with transmission occurring via bites from infected mosquitoes, ticks, or sandflies.
2. Major arboviruses described include yellow fever, dengue, West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. Symptoms range from mild fever and rash to severe encephalitis or hemorrhagic fever
Japanese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease transmitted through mosquito bites that causes neurological symptoms. It is primarily spread between water birds and pigs, with humans as accidental hosts. The document outlines the signs, transmission, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of Japanese encephalitis, including vaccination and vector control programs. The goal of prevention and control measures is to reduce mosquito populations and encourage personal protection against bites.
Rabies. The presentation for community medicine
This presentation include the rabies causes, management, treatment and association with dogs and cats
JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS- OVERVIEW
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease that causes neurological symptoms like seizures. It is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus and transmitted in a zoonotic cycle between mosquitoes, pigs, and water birds. Humans are accidental hosts and do not spread the virus. Symptoms include sudden headache, seizures, disorientation, and paralysis. Diagnosis involves antibody and antigen detection in blood or cerebrospinal fluid samples. There is no specific treatment, so care is supportive. Prevention strategies include mosquito control measures and vaccines.
JAPANESE B ENCEPHALITIS CONTROL PROGRAMME
1. Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease transmitted through mosquito bites that causes brain swelling and inflammation.
2. The virus has a zoonotic transmission cycle between mosquitoes, pigs, and water birds, though humans are accidental hosts.
3. Symptoms range from fever and headache to meningitis or encephalitis. There is no specific treatment, so care is supportive.
Rabies: Considerations to Nursing
Rabies is a fatal viral disease transmitted through the saliva of infected mammals. It causes acute inflammation of the brain and is nearly 100% fatal in humans if left untreated. Dogs are the primary source of human rabies infections. Post-exposure prophylaxis, consisting of wound cleansing, rabies immune globulin injection, and a vaccine series, is highly effective in preventing the disease if administered promptly after exposure. No approved treatments exist once symptoms develop, making vaccination an important part of rabies prevention.
Arthropode infection
Arthropods form a major group of disease vectors with mosquitoes, flies, sand flies, lice, fleas, ticks and mites transmitting a huge number of diseases.
Yellow fever
Yellow fever is caused by a virus transmitted through the bites of infected mosquitoes. It affects the liver and kidneys, causing symptoms like fever, headache, muscle aches and vomiting in the early stages. Later stages can involve more severe symptoms like jaundice and bleeding. Diagnosis is made through blood tests detecting antibodies or viral RNA. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and supportive care. Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure, providing long-term immunity against the disease. Reducing mosquito populations through vector control also helps limit transmission.
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease caused by Leptospira bacteria that can infect both humans and animals. It is transmitted through contact with water or soil contaminated by the urine of infected animals. Common symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches, vomiting, and jaundice. The incubation period is usually 10 days. Diagnosis is confirmed through lab tests of body fluids and tissues. Treatment involves antibiotics like penicillin or doxycycline. Prevention relies on vaccination of animals, proper sanitation, and health education.
Rickettsiae are intracellular bacteria transmitted by ticks, mites, fleas or lice. Rickettsial infections cause fever, rash, and enlargement of organs
Rabies
Rabies is a viral disease spread to humans through bites or scratches from infected animals like dogs. It causes inflammation of the brain and is fatal without treatment. The rabies virus travels through the nervous system from the site of infection to the brain. Symptoms in humans include fear of water, increased reflexes, and mental changes. Post-exposure prophylaxis includes wound cleansing, vaccine administration, and other measures to prevent the virus from reaching the nervous system. Pre-exposure prophylaxis through vaccination is recommended for those at high risk of exposure like animal handlers.
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JE ppt.ppt
- 2. INTRODUCTION • Definition: JE is an acute arboviral infection of horses, pigs and humans. It’s a zoonotic disease i.e. infecting mainly animals and incidentally man.
- 3. ARBOVIRUSES (ABV) • Viruses of vertebrates biologically transmitted by hematophagus insect vectors • Special characteristic: Ability to multiply in arthropods
- 4. AETIOLOGY • Zoonotic disease • Family: Flaviviridae
- 5. JE - GLOBAL SCENARIO • Major public health disease in Asia • Virus first isolated in Japan in 1935 • As per WHO estimates 50 thousand serious cases and 10 thousand deaths each year • Disease is prevalent in Indian Sub-continent, Nepal, India, Sri Lanka and some areas in Bangladesh 5
- 6. Global scenario contd…, Other SE Asian countries reporting cases include: • Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, China • Indonesia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, • Hong Kong and • Korea
- 7. POND HERON
- 8. LIFE CYCLE OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS
- 9. Mosquito Vectors • C. tritaeniorhynchus • C. vishnui • C. gelidus
- 10. Culex tritaeniorhynchus (Cx vishnui group)
- 11. Breeding Habitat • Rice fields • Shallow pools • Ditches
- 12. A TYPICAL BREEDING HABITAT FOR MOSQUITOES
- 13. DYNAMICS OF JE TRANSMISSION 13 Environment Vector Mosquito Host - Amplifying Host - Carrier Victim-Accidental Full Recovery Death Recovery with residual complications
- 14. PATHOGENESIS Virus enters the body through the bite of the insect vector - mosquitoes ↓ After multiplication in local & regional LN, viremia of varying duration ensues ↓ Virus is transported to target organ (brain) via blood ↓ Virus proliferate & damage the neuronal tissue, thereby elicits nervous manifestations
- 15. JE IN MAN : CLINICAL FEATURES •Incubation Period - 5 to 15 days Course of disease- 3 stages a} Prodromal stage: Fever, headache, GIT disturbances malaise. Duration- 1 to 6 days. b} Acute encephalitic stage: Fever, 38 to 40.7°C, nuchal rigidity, focal CNS signs, convulsion & altered sensorium progressing to coma c} Late stage and sequelae: neurological signs
- 16. Treatment • No clearly effective antiviral agent exists. • Therapy for symptomatic Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection is supportive. • Patients often require feeding, airway management and anticonvulsants for seizure control
- 17. PREVENTION AND CONTROL Vector control reduces transmission IN AFFECTED VILLAGES: -Aerial or ground fogging with ultra low volume insecticides(eg.Malathion,Fenitrothion) -Indoor residual spray - Spraying should cover vegetation around houses, breeding sites & animal shelters IN UNINFECTED VILLAGES: - Those falling within 2-3 km radius of infected villages should also receive spraying as a preventive measure Use of mosquito nets should be advocated
- 18. AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES : - water management practice of Paddy cultivation- At least one dry day every week - conserve water, reduce larval population,increase rice grain yield Using neem products as fertilizers will also reduce the mosquito population
- 19. Vaccines ▪ Three types of JE vaccine in large scale use are: 1. Mouse brain derive, purified & inactivated vaccine 2. Cell culture derived inactivated vaccine 3. Cell culture derived, live attenuated vaccine – SA-14-14-2 strain
- 20. THANK YOU