The document summarizes the key aspects of structural engineering and structural drawings. It discusses that structural engineering involves analyzing, designing, constructing, and maintaining structures to ensure they are safe. It also outlines the typical stages of developing structural drawings, which includes investigating loads on the structure, performing stress analysis, selecting appropriate structural elements, and producing final contract drawings and details necessary for construction. The document provides an overview of what structural engineers do and the purpose of structural drawings in conveying the structural design of a building.

1. Structural
Engineer
Drawing

2. The Building Team
- consists of
those
responsible for
financing,
designing, and
constructing
the facility to
be occupied by
the owner at
the end of the
project

3. Structural Engineering
 is a field of specialty within the
realm of civil engineering
 is the application of math and
science to the design of structures, in
such a way that the resulting product
will safely resist all loads imposed
upon it.

4. The concept of design to a
structural engineer
 is simply a matter of determining
what is to be built,
 and preparation of the
instructions necessary for building it.

5. What
Does
Structural
Engineers
Do?

6. Structural engineering involves the
analysis, design, construction and
maintenance of structures.
 A structural engineer's role is to ensure
that any built structure is safe and will
work. (in other words, not fall
down/warp/sink)

7. An Architect is dealing with the form
and function of the building, and
while s/he will be able to come up with
ways of making the structural
engineer's recommendations fit into
the plans, s/he doesn't have the
engineering know-how to assess the
safety of the building.

8. What is
Structural Drawing?

9.  A type of
technical
drawing.

10. Provides the reader
with a view of the
structural
members of the
building & how they
will support and
transmit its load to
the ground.

11. Structural Drawings
Structural drawings include:
 Foundation plans
 Wall sections and framing details
 Structural steel framing and details
 Beam and column drawings and
details

12. Materials

13. Wood

14. Steel

15. Reinforced concrete

16. Masonry

17. Stages of structural drawing
1 • Develop a general layout
2 • Investigating the loads
3 • Stress analysis
4 • Selection of elements
5 • Drawing and detailing

18. Developing a
General Layout
Stage 1

19. This stage involves the choice of
structural type, the selection of
material, and a tentative estimation of
cost based on a reasonable analysis of a
preliminary structural design.

20. It is better to hire an experienced
engineer that knows the knowledge of
structural building for the general layout.

21. Investigatingthe
loads
Stage 2

22.  Before a structural analysis can be
carried out, it is required for the
maximum capacity of a structure to
be recorded and how it should be
designed.

23.  Specifications and codes are usually
part of the general information about
the loads on the structure being
investigated.

24. Example of Codes
General building codes
and
Design codes
(Which the engineer must satisfy)

25. Stress Analysis
Stage 3

26.  is the determination of the effects
of loads on structures and their
elements.

27.  When live loads are involved, it is
important to determine the maximum
possible stresses in each member
being considered.

30. Selection of
Element
Stage 4

31.  The selection of suitable sizes and
shapes of members and their
connections depends on the results
of the stress analysis together with the
design provisions of the specifications
or codes.

32. A trial-and-error approach may be
used in the search for a proportioning
of elements that will be both
economical and adequate.

33. A sound knowledge of strength of
material and process of fabrication is
also essential.

34. Drawing &
DetailingStage 5

35. This final stage includes the preparation of
• contract drawing,
• detailing,
• job specification,
• and final cost;
these information are necessary for
construction to proceed.

36. In the end, a structural
drawing would
look like this!

40. The End
Prepared by:
•Andrew Mah Koon Yan (0318798)
•Michael Chang Vui Loong (0319198)
•Lee Ern Hui (0319703)
•Loh Pey Mun (0318572)
•Mok Po Yi (0318207)