This document summarizes the roles and responsibilities of structural engineers. It discusses their work in three phases: pre-construction, construction, and post-construction. In the pre-construction phase, structural engineers analyze building plans, design structural components, and produce tender and construction drawings. During construction, they inspect materials and ensure structures are built correctly. In the post-construction phase, engineers conduct final load tests to ensure the building's safety. The document also provides examples of structural drawings and software used.

1. Structure Engineering
F-ing Group
Member: Ng Kim Wing
Lim Ting Le
Lee Jia Kiam
Ngo Jia Haur
Sim Chia Ting
Esther Chuah Ning Sie
Tutor : Ms.Iffa

2. RRoolleess fo fS Sttrruuccttuurraal lE Enngignieneresers
● They analyze, design, plan, and research structural
component and structural systems to achieve the design
goals of physical objects.
● Design or fit the structure to the architecture with the
structural systems with suitable materials to support the
building according that nature imposes on it .
● Working with geotechnical engineers to investigate soil
conditions and analyze results of soil sample and in site
tests.
● Develop structural solutions to resist loads and other
forces.

3. Responsibility of Structure Engineering
● Structural engineers carry out strength calculations and prepare
drawings of structures to ensure they are strong enough to avoid
collapse when loaded.
● Through research and the testing of both form and material, new
solutions are developed which promote safer, more environmentally
friendly buildings and structures.
● Analyzing configurations of the basic structural components of a
building or other structure.
● Inspect on-site construction works, materials and equipment
management.
● Coordinate work with other disciplines such as architectural,
mechanical and electrical engineer.

4. Phases Of Building Process
Pre-construction
Phase
During
Construction Phase
Post Construction
Phase

5. Pre-construction Phase
Once architect completed the building plan, engineers started to
analyze the drawing and come out with a structural drawing.
•Identify the type of soil with the geotechnical engineering and decide which foundation is
more suitable to use.
•Structural Planning And Designing
•Develop specifications
•Develop tender drawing
•Submit the tender drawing to the architects
•Approval granted by the authorities, construction drawing to be presented.
Architect
building plan
is complete
Construction
Drawing
Waiting for
Approval
Submit back
to the
Architect
Structure
Engineer
Drawing (Tender
Drawing)

6. Tender Drawing
-It is necessary for an engineer to decide the extent of preliminary design to be carried
out at the briefing/report stage. Once formalities are over and the final selection has
been cleared, an engineer must prepare a set of engineering drawings called Tender
Drawings.
-Tender drawings together with the other tender documents, bill of quantities,
specification
-Tender drawing are the first evidence of the project scheme regarding type and quality
of the work involved and hence these are prepared by engineers with clarity and
understanding.
-Tender drawings are prepared to various scales using convention and concepts of
engineering drawing for production, manufacture and construction etc.

7. Construction Drawing
-Construction drawing is a means of showing in a graphical form the shape,
size, and position of a building on a site, together with the composition of the
materials used and the way the building is to be constructed or put together.
-The information on construction drawings has to be presented in a precise,
unambiguous way so that it can be understood by anyone with a knowledge of
draughtsmanship and construction.
-The term ‘Construction drawing’ includes not only drawings produced by
architects, which generally make up the majority of the drawings for a building
project, but also structural drawings which are the province of the structural
engineers, and building engineering services drawings which are commonly
prepared by building services engineers.

8. During Construction Phase
● Engineers need to ensure that all construction element, such
as the beams are well constructed and connected in a proper
way.
● Before pouring concrete into form work they needed to run
a concrete test.
● Ensure a proper quantity and quality material are used, to
prevent collapsing structure due to reduction of material.

9. Pile
Pile being hit into the
ground
Form work of pile cap
Back filling Pile cap is form Pouring concrete into
the form work
During Construction Phase

10. Post Construction Phase
● Final Load test required to ensure the building
from collapsing or damage.

11. Structural Drawings
Foundation
plans
Wall sections
and framing
details
Structural steel
framing and details
Beam and
column
drawings and
details

12. Architecture Drawing

13. Dimension
detail
It show the
measurement between
1 point to 1 point
Foundation
Foundation is
the lowest and
supporting
layer of a
structure.
Staircase
Symbol
Beam
support the roof
or floor above.
Grid Line
It has horizontal Grid
line and vertical Grid
line
Symbol and the meaning
zig zag line
Represent multiple
building is in between it

14. Structural Drawing

15. Structural Drawing (General Drawing of Beam and Roof)

16. Beam’s Details
This is Beam

17. Column Schedule And Typical R.C Staircase Detail

19. Example Of Wind
Load Test

21. Structural Engineer Drawing’s Software
Greta-around (RM3500)
Analyses the stability of a gravity retaining wall and determines the bending moments and shear
forces within the wall.
GSA Building-around (RM20000)
Is the software of choice for structural engineers around the world. It gives them all the tools they
need to design and analyse even the most complex buildings.
Pile software-around (RM4000)
uses new and traditional techniques to calculate the vertical load carrying capacities of piles in a
layered soil deposit. It works with drained (frictional) and undrained (cohesive) soils and shows
the results in a clear graphical format that can be exported easily.

22. THE END
END
Thank You Very Much !!!