The document discusses various methods for identifying and allocating spaces in architectural design, including tabular presentations, iconic representations, and relationship matrices and diagrams. It also covers calculating building efficiency and developing a space program table with details for each identified space.

1. Architectural Design Lectures Lecture 4 Programming Lectures to Architectural Design 1 October 2009 By: Dr. Yasser Mahgoub

2. Programming – An Overview

3. Space Identification and Allocation Tabular presentation Iconic representation Building efficiency

4. Space Identification and Allocation Tabular presentation Brown sheets or Grid sheets Appropriate size for each space

6. Space Identification and Allocation Iconic representation Illustrate space size with small rectangular figures at the same scale. Effective in showing laypersons the comparative size of spaces . Helpful to the designer Designers are often more comfortable with iconic rather than numeric imagery.

9. Space Identification and Allocation Building efficiency Very substantial percent of the building area Net-to-Gross Ratio or Building Efficiency Varies significantly for different building types If it is accounted for incorrectly, it can have a significant negative impact on building quality .

10. Space Identification and Allocation Building efficiency Estimate the amount of additional square footage (meters) that will be required to account for unprogrammed spaces including: Circulation spaces Walls Mechanical and electric rooms Janitor’s closets Rest rooms Miscellaneous storage N G E X ÷ ÷

11. Building efficiency Assigned Net Area Unassigned Area Gross Area

12. Building efficiency

13. Building efficiency

14. Efficiency = Net Area / Gross Area Building efficiency

15. Space Identification and Allocation Building efficiency Calculation of efficiency: Net Area Efficiency = Gross Area 6000 m2 60% = 10,000 m2

18. Relationship Matrices Relationship matrix develop and show how various spaces relate. Every identified space is located vertically along one side of the matrix. Lines at a 45-degree angle to the end of each identified space extend to provide one cell connecting each space to every other space. A simple distinguishable code can be used to show the nature of the relationship between the spaces.

22. Relationship Diagrams Small circles or “ bubbles ” each of which contains the name of one of the identified spaces. The bubble representing the space under consideration is drawn first, then other spaces relating to it are indicated in additional bubbles placed near the first bubble. Heavy , medium, and light-weight lines can be used as a code to indicate strong, moderate, and weak relationships.

25. Relationship Diagrams For simple buildings , it may be possible to prepare a diagram which, like the relationship matrix, shows the interrelationships of all interior and exterior spaces.

26. Relationship Diagrams As the building becomes more complex , it is difficult to prepare such a diagram without implying some relationships that may not exist. It may be necessary to relate only the established major zones of the building.

33. Space Program Table

35. Space Program Sheet A space program sheet for each identified space includes: Statement regarding the purpose The square meter (foot) allocations. The important relationships for each space. Types and numbers of people who will use the space. The activities in which people will be engaged at various times of the day, week, and year. Furnishing and equipment needs.

36. Space Program Sheet A space program sheet provides a complete miniature program for the space covered. They are circulated throughout the client’s organization for review, comment, and correction. The following are samples of program sheets.

38. Thank you Dr. Yasser Mahgoub http://ymahgou.fortunecity.com/