This document summarizes research on the effect of fineness on the strength of concrete when Sugarcane Bagasse Ash, Rice Husk Ash, and Fly Ash are used as partial replacements for cement. These agricultural and industrial wastes were replaced at 15% by weight of cement and tested at various fineness levels by passing through 150, 300, and 600-micron sieves. Testing included workability and compressive strength of concrete cubes cured for 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. Results showed that the ashes can partially replace cement in concrete without compromising strength as the fineness increases, providing an environmentally friendly way to dispose of these wastes while enhancing concrete properties and reducing costs.
Nil Waste Process Evolution for a Low Grade LimestoneIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on developing a nil waste process for beneficiating a low-grade limestone using reverse cationic flotation.
The limestone sample contained mainly calcite and quartz and was analyzed to contain 45% CaO and 80% total carbonates. Grinding and flotation tests were conducted varying parameters like mesh of grind, collector type and dosage. The optimum conditions found were a mesh of grind of D80 400 microns, using 0.4 kg/t of cationic collector SOKEM565C. This produced a cement-grade concentrate assaying 90% total carbonates at an 88% weight yield. The non-float fraction assaying 80.30% Al
Waste product ‘bagasse ash’ from sugar industry can be used as stabilizing ma...eSAT Journals
Abstract Soil is a base of structure, which actually supports the structure from beneath and distributes the load effectively. If the stability of the soil is not adequate then failure of structure occurs in form of settlement, cracks etc. Expansive soil also known as black cotton soil is more responsible for such situations and this is due to presence of montmorillonite mineral in it, which has ability to undergo large swelling and shrinkage. To overcome this, properties of soil must be improved by artificial means known as ‘Soil Stabilization’. It is a technique which improvises one or more soil properties by mechanical, cementing and chemical use. Many research has been conducted for stabilization of soil by using cementing, chemical materials e.g. Fly ash, cement, Calcium chloride, Sodium chloride etc. Toady world is facing serious problem of disposal of agricultural waste. Western Maharashtra is popular for production of sugar cane in large quantity. Sugar factories produces waste after extraction of sugar cane in machines that waste when burnt, the resultant ash is known as ‘Bagasse Ash’. It is a fibrous material with presence of silica (SiO2) and can be used to improve the existing properties of black cotton soil. In this study laboratory experiments were conducted on black cotton soil with partial replacement by Bagasse Ash (3%, 6%, 9% and 12%). This paper highlights significant increase in properties of black cotton soil obtained at 6% replacement of Bagasse Ash without any chemical or cementing material. Keywords: Soil stabilization, black cotton soil, Bagasse Ash, CBR, unconfined compressive strength, MDD
1-Φ5700mm
Preheater:6 stage
Precalciner:1-Φ7800mm
Main motor power:4000kW
1 82.19
Rotary kiln
Length:L=45m
Diameter:Φ=4.8m
Inclination:3°
Rotating speed:1.2r/min
Main motor power:4000kW
1 82.19
7 Clinker Cooler
Cooler:6 zone
Cooling air volume:1200000m3
/h
Cooling air fan motor power:2200kW
1 82.19
8 Clinker grinding system Vertical mill
Studies on Strength Characteristics of Pond Ash Replaced Fibre Reinforced Pav...IJERA Editor
This document summarizes a study on the strength characteristics of concrete with pond ash used to replace fine aggregate at various percentages. Tests were conducted to determine the physical properties of the pond ash and other materials. Concrete mixes were designed with 0-60% replacement of fine aggregate with pond ash. Compressive strength tests on cubes at different curing ages found that 20% replacement of fine aggregate with pond ash produced the optimum strength for both reinforced and unreinforced concrete.
Consolidation and rebound characteristics of expansive soil by using lime and...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Effect of mill scale and fly ash waste on the performance of cement mortareSAT Journals
Abstract
This paper investigates effect of mill scale and fly ash wastes as a replacement of fine aggregate generally natural sand on the performance of cement mortar. Utilization of fly ash and mill scale in cement mortar production not only provides significant environmental benefits but also enhances performance of the cement mortar when used at optimum amounts. They may be used in the form of finely ground additive to replace part of aggregates in cement mortar. This study looked at the feasibility of mill scale and fly ash waste inclusion as partial aggregate replacement in normal cement mortar. Properties of cement mortar incorporating fly ash and mill scale waste as partial substitution for natural aggregate were investigated. The study involves six replacement levels of mill scale and fly ash wastes into cement mortar for each mix design. Mortar cubes are tested for strength, & water absorption. The partial replacement of fine aggregate by M(3,30), M(5,30), M(8,30), M(10,30), M(12,30), M(15,30) ( M-mix of mill scale & fly ash %) improves the properties of normal mortar. In the design mix of industrial wastes produced, percentage of fly ash is kept constant (30 %) and mill scale is varied from 0 to 15 % by weight of natural sand. The test results indicate that the mechanical properties of mill scale and fly ash modified mortar are improved to a great extent, whereas the water absorption is reduced as compared to that of plain mortar.
Keywords: Mill Scale, Fly Ash, Compressive Strength, Durability, Water Absorption, Density
IRJET- Comparative Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Quarry Dust an...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study on the partial replacement of cement with quarry dust and rice husk ash in concrete. Tests were conducted on concrete with 0%, 5%, 15%, 25%, and 35% replacement to determine the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength increased with up to 25% quarry dust replacement but decreased with rice husk ash replacement. Split tensile strength followed a similar trend while flexural strength was highest at around 15% replacement for both materials. Therefore, partial cement replacement with quarry dust or rice husk ash can improve some concrete properties but the optimal replacement percentage depends on the property and material used.
IRJET- Experimental Studies on the Properties of Modified Bituminous Mixes us...IRJET Journal
The document discusses experimental studies on the properties of bituminous mixes modified with crumb rubber. Crumb rubber obtained from shredded scrap tires is used as an additive to bitumen to improve its properties. Laboratory tests such as Marshall stability tests, softening point tests, and ductility tests are performed on plain bitumen and bitumen mixes with varying proportions of crumb rubber additive. The results of these tests are then compared to analyze the effect of crumb rubber modification on the properties of bituminous mixes. The aim is to investigate using crumb rubber as a cheap and environmentally friendly way to enhance the performance and lifespan of pavement.
Nil Waste Process Evolution for a Low Grade LimestoneIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on developing a nil waste process for beneficiating a low-grade limestone using reverse cationic flotation.
The limestone sample contained mainly calcite and quartz and was analyzed to contain 45% CaO and 80% total carbonates. Grinding and flotation tests were conducted varying parameters like mesh of grind, collector type and dosage. The optimum conditions found were a mesh of grind of D80 400 microns, using 0.4 kg/t of cationic collector SOKEM565C. This produced a cement-grade concentrate assaying 90% total carbonates at an 88% weight yield. The non-float fraction assaying 80.30% Al
Waste product ‘bagasse ash’ from sugar industry can be used as stabilizing ma...eSAT Journals
Abstract Soil is a base of structure, which actually supports the structure from beneath and distributes the load effectively. If the stability of the soil is not adequate then failure of structure occurs in form of settlement, cracks etc. Expansive soil also known as black cotton soil is more responsible for such situations and this is due to presence of montmorillonite mineral in it, which has ability to undergo large swelling and shrinkage. To overcome this, properties of soil must be improved by artificial means known as ‘Soil Stabilization’. It is a technique which improvises one or more soil properties by mechanical, cementing and chemical use. Many research has been conducted for stabilization of soil by using cementing, chemical materials e.g. Fly ash, cement, Calcium chloride, Sodium chloride etc. Toady world is facing serious problem of disposal of agricultural waste. Western Maharashtra is popular for production of sugar cane in large quantity. Sugar factories produces waste after extraction of sugar cane in machines that waste when burnt, the resultant ash is known as ‘Bagasse Ash’. It is a fibrous material with presence of silica (SiO2) and can be used to improve the existing properties of black cotton soil. In this study laboratory experiments were conducted on black cotton soil with partial replacement by Bagasse Ash (3%, 6%, 9% and 12%). This paper highlights significant increase in properties of black cotton soil obtained at 6% replacement of Bagasse Ash without any chemical or cementing material. Keywords: Soil stabilization, black cotton soil, Bagasse Ash, CBR, unconfined compressive strength, MDD
1-Φ5700mm
Preheater:6 stage
Precalciner:1-Φ7800mm
Main motor power:4000kW
1 82.19
Rotary kiln
Length:L=45m
Diameter:Φ=4.8m
Inclination:3°
Rotating speed:1.2r/min
Main motor power:4000kW
1 82.19
7 Clinker Cooler
Cooler:6 zone
Cooling air volume:1200000m3
/h
Cooling air fan motor power:2200kW
1 82.19
8 Clinker grinding system Vertical mill
Studies on Strength Characteristics of Pond Ash Replaced Fibre Reinforced Pav...IJERA Editor
This document summarizes a study on the strength characteristics of concrete with pond ash used to replace fine aggregate at various percentages. Tests were conducted to determine the physical properties of the pond ash and other materials. Concrete mixes were designed with 0-60% replacement of fine aggregate with pond ash. Compressive strength tests on cubes at different curing ages found that 20% replacement of fine aggregate with pond ash produced the optimum strength for both reinforced and unreinforced concrete.
Consolidation and rebound characteristics of expansive soil by using lime and...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Effect of mill scale and fly ash waste on the performance of cement mortareSAT Journals
Abstract
This paper investigates effect of mill scale and fly ash wastes as a replacement of fine aggregate generally natural sand on the performance of cement mortar. Utilization of fly ash and mill scale in cement mortar production not only provides significant environmental benefits but also enhances performance of the cement mortar when used at optimum amounts. They may be used in the form of finely ground additive to replace part of aggregates in cement mortar. This study looked at the feasibility of mill scale and fly ash waste inclusion as partial aggregate replacement in normal cement mortar. Properties of cement mortar incorporating fly ash and mill scale waste as partial substitution for natural aggregate were investigated. The study involves six replacement levels of mill scale and fly ash wastes into cement mortar for each mix design. Mortar cubes are tested for strength, & water absorption. The partial replacement of fine aggregate by M(3,30), M(5,30), M(8,30), M(10,30), M(12,30), M(15,30) ( M-mix of mill scale & fly ash %) improves the properties of normal mortar. In the design mix of industrial wastes produced, percentage of fly ash is kept constant (30 %) and mill scale is varied from 0 to 15 % by weight of natural sand. The test results indicate that the mechanical properties of mill scale and fly ash modified mortar are improved to a great extent, whereas the water absorption is reduced as compared to that of plain mortar.
Keywords: Mill Scale, Fly Ash, Compressive Strength, Durability, Water Absorption, Density
IRJET- Comparative Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Quarry Dust an...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study on the partial replacement of cement with quarry dust and rice husk ash in concrete. Tests were conducted on concrete with 0%, 5%, 15%, 25%, and 35% replacement to determine the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength increased with up to 25% quarry dust replacement but decreased with rice husk ash replacement. Split tensile strength followed a similar trend while flexural strength was highest at around 15% replacement for both materials. Therefore, partial cement replacement with quarry dust or rice husk ash can improve some concrete properties but the optimal replacement percentage depends on the property and material used.
IRJET- Experimental Studies on the Properties of Modified Bituminous Mixes us...IRJET Journal
The document discusses experimental studies on the properties of bituminous mixes modified with crumb rubber. Crumb rubber obtained from shredded scrap tires is used as an additive to bitumen to improve its properties. Laboratory tests such as Marshall stability tests, softening point tests, and ductility tests are performed on plain bitumen and bitumen mixes with varying proportions of crumb rubber additive. The results of these tests are then compared to analyze the effect of crumb rubber modification on the properties of bituminous mixes. The aim is to investigate using crumb rubber as a cheap and environmentally friendly way to enhance the performance and lifespan of pavement.
IRJET- To Study the Effect of Lime and Rice Husk Ash on Compaction Parame...IRJET Journal
The document presents the results of a study investigating the effect of lime and rice husk ash on the compaction parameters of black cotton soil. Standard compaction tests were conducted according to Indian standards on samples of black cotton soil mixed with 8% lime and varying percentages (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) of rice husk ash by weight. The tests found that adding rice husk ash decreased the maximum dry density but increased the optimum moisture content, with these effects increasing with higher rice husk ash content. Lime was found to decrease the water content and increase the maximum dry density, improving the soil properties.
IRJET - Experimental Study on Fly Ash Bricks by using Granite and Marble PowderIRJET Journal
The document presents the results of an experimental study on fly ash bricks containing granite and marble powder. Various mix ratios of fly ash, lime, gypsum, and granite or marble powder were used to produce brick samples. The samples were then tested to determine their compressive strength, water absorption, density, efflorescence, soundness, shape and size, color, hardness, and internal structure. Test results found that bricks containing 10% replacement of fly ash with either granite or marble powder exhibited the highest compressive strength. Using more than 15% mineral powder replacement resulted in lower strength. Therefore, a 10% replacement was determined to be the optimum mix ratio.
Warm polymer modified-asphalt03022013submitted kict main eng 03032013 - copyBayar Tsend
The document summarizes information from the 1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference. It discusses key topics like asphalt pavement types including hot-mix, polymer-modified, and warm-mix technologies. It highlights the benefits of using polymer-modified asphalt, which can improve rutting resistance, reduce cracking, and allow for use in colder climates. Warm-mix asphalt is also introduced as a technology that uses lower production and construction temperatures while maintaining quality, with benefits including energy savings, reduced emissions, and less oxidation.
IRJET- Study on Engineering Properties of Soil using Bagasse Ash and Sisal FiberIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the engineering properties of soil stabilized with bagasse ash and sisal fiber. Bagasse ash is a waste product from sugarcane mills that is mixed with clayey soil in proportions from 2-8% by weight. Sisal fiber, a natural fiber, is added to the soil-bagasse ash mixture in lengths of 2, 4, 6 mm and proportions of 1-2% by weight. Tests are conducted to determine the maximum dry density, optimum moisture content, unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio of the stabilized soil mixtures. The results show that mixing 4% bagasse ash and 1% sisal fiber improves the engineering properties of the clayey soil. Further testing is
Study of Combustion Characteristics of Fuel Briquettesijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and GGBS in Co...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigates the impact of partially replacing cement with sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) in concrete. Cubes, cylinders, and prisms were cast with 0%, 10%, and 20% replacements of cement with SCBA and GGBS. The specimens were tested after 7 and 28 days to determine their compression, split tensile, and flexural strengths. The results showed that concrete with 10-20% replacements had higher strengths compared to normal concrete without replacements. Additionally, the workability of concrete increased with higher SCBA and GGBS content replacements. Therefore, partially replacing cement with these waste materials improves the properties and reduces the cost of
Comparative Study on Strength Properties of Concrete due to Partial Replaceme...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study on the strength properties of concrete with partial replacement of cement by arecanut husk ash and fly ash. The study investigates the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths of concrete mixtures with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% replacement of cement by the two materials. The results show that compressive strength increases up to 10% replacement by fly ash but decreases with higher replacement levels. Replacement by arecanut husk ash also decreases strengths with increased replacement beyond 10%. Both materials can be used to partially replace cement, but fly ash is more effective at improving compressive strength.
IRJET- Incorporation of Rice Husk Ash and Metakaolin as Partial Replacement o...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes research on incorporating rice husk ash (RHA) and metakaolin as partial replacements for cement in concrete. RHA is a byproduct of rice processing that can be used as a supplementary cementitious material in concrete. Metakaolin is obtained by calcining kaolin clay and has pozzolanic properties when used in concrete. The research involved preparing concrete mixtures with RHA and metakaolin replacements of 2%, 4%, 8%, and 10% by mass of cement. Tests on compressive, flexural, and split tensile strength of the concrete specimens showed that concrete strength generally increased with the additions of RHA and metakaolin. It was concluded that these materials can effectively replace a portion
IRJET- Using of Ferro-Chrome Slag as a Coarse Aggregate and Stone Dust as a F...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on using ferrochrome slag as a coarse aggregate and stone dust as a fine aggregate in concrete. Ferrochrome slag is a waste material from ferrochrome production and stone dust comes from stone cutting plants. The study investigated the properties and performance of concrete when natural aggregates are partially or fully replaced. Concrete mixtures were designed and specimens were cast to test compressive strength, split tensile strength, and other properties at 7 and 28 days. The results were compared to conventional concrete to evaluate the use of these industrial byproducts in concrete.
This document summarizes research on fabricating porous mullite-alumina ceramic using torrefied rice husk as a pore-forming agent and silica source. Rice husk was heat treated to make it easier to grind and mix with alumina powder. Samples were sintered at temperatures from 1150-1450°C. The formation of mullite did not occur until 1450°C. Depending on rice husk content and sintering temperature, sample densities ranged from 1.0-2.6 g/cm3. Higher sintering temperatures led to pore closure and swelling in some samples. Mullite and corundum phases were identified by XRD. SEM showed an amorphous
IRJET- A Review Effect of Size of Aggregate on M40 Concrete by Partial Replac...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of replacing cement with sugarcane bagasse ash at various percentages in an M40 concrete mix. Two aggregate proportions were tested: 60% 20mm and 40% 10mm aggregates (Case I), and 40% 20mm and 60% 10mm aggregates (Case II). Workability and compressive strength at 7 and 14 days were evaluated. The results showed that replacing cement with up to 15% sugarcane bagasse ash improved compressive strength and provided an eco-friendly and lower cost concrete mix.
IRJET- Increasing the Strength of Soil using Fly Ash and Polyproplene FibreIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on increasing the strength of soil using fly ash and polypropylene fiber. The study involved collecting soil samples from Morni, India and testing their properties like liquid limit and plastic limit. The soil was then mixed with varying percentages of fly ash and polypropylene fiber. Tests like standard Proctor, CBR, and direct shear were performed to analyze the maximum dry density, optimum moisture content, unconfined compressive strength, cohesion, and friction angle of the stabilized soils. The results showed that adding up to 7% fly ash and 0.1% polypropylene fiber increased the dry density, CBR values, cohesion, and friction angle of the soil compared
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Unstabilized Clay Soil by Groundnut ...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigates the use of groundnut shell ash and bagasse ash to stabilize clay soil. Laboratory tests were conducted on clay soil samples with 0%, 2% and 4% additions of each ash, including liquid limit, plastic limit, standard Proctor compaction and unconfined compressive strength tests. The results showed that adding both ashes increased the maximum dry density and reduced the optimum moisture content in compaction tests. The unconfined compressive strength also increased with ash additions up to 2% bagasse ash. The study concludes that using these agricultural wastes can effectively improve the engineering properties of clay soil and provide environmental benefits by reducing waste.
The utilization of waste produced by industries and agriculture has been focused, to reduce it for agriculture and economical reasons. The waste product from sugarcane factory (SUGARCANE BAGASSE ASH) is causing serious pollution which is replaced in cement concrete. Bagasse is sugar factories byproduct.
Bagasse can be used for energy generation. The ash which is obtained from the boiler is a waste product known a Sugarcane Bagasse Ash. It has high volume of Sio2. Use of SBA as partial replacement of fine aggregate will help to improve quality of concrete. SCBA is replaced by cement in concrete with 0%, 5%, to 30% ratios. In addition to this 10% silica fume is added to the composition. Due to improper compaction of concrete may have pores & capillary spaces, which leads to low strength of concrete. Tests compaction factor test and slump cone test are conducted for fresh concrete as all as harden concrete tests like compressive strength, sorptivity and water absorption are also conducted.
IRJET-Review on Bagasse Ash an Effective Replacement in Fly Ash BricksIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using sugarcane bagasse ash as a replacement for fly ash in clay bricks. Bagasse ash is a waste product from sugarcane processing. The study tested bricks with 10-80% bagasse ash replacements for fly ash, keeping lime and quarry dust at 10%. Bricks were tested for compression strength and water absorption. Results showed bricks with 10% bagasse ash replacement had the highest compression strength of 8.98 MPa. Water absorption of all bricks was under 16%. Compared to conventional clay bricks, bagasse ash bricks had higher strength, lower density and cost, and absorption under building standards. The optimal bagasse ash replacement was found to be 10-50% beyond which cracks
Study on the Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Banana Fibre on Pressed Late...IRJET Journal
This study investigated the effects of adding sugarcane bagasse ash and banana fibre to laterite soil bricks. Standard proctor tests found that optimum moisture content remained unchanged with bagasse ash addition up to 12%, while maximum dry density increased slightly up to 6% ash. Unconfined compression tests of soil mixtures found strength peaked at 12% ash and further increased with up to 2% banana fibre addition. Compression tests of bricks made with 12% ash showed strength increased with up to 2% fibre. Shape tests indicated shrinkage with heating. Brick pillar tests showed strength increased with fibre but was lower than burnt clay bricks. In conclusion, bagasse ash and fibre improved geotechnical properties and strengths of laterite soil bricks.
Effect of Acidic Environment (HCL) on Concrete With Sugarcane Bagasse Ash As ...IJERA Editor
With increasing demand and consumption of cement, researchers and scientist are in search of developing
alternate binders that are eco friendly and contribute towards waste management. The utilization of industrial
and agricultural waste produced by industrial processes has been the focus on waste reduction. One of the agro
waste sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) which is a fibrous waste product obtained from sugar mills as byproduct is
taken for study area. This experimental and analytical study investigates the durability of M35 concrete mix
using Ordinary Portland Cement and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as partial replacement in Ordinary Portland
Cement. Sugarcane Bagasse Ash was obtained by burning of Sugarcane at 700 to 800 degree Centigrade in sugar
refining industry, Bagasse Ash obtained from burning was grounded until the particles passing the 90 micron
sieve. The disposal of this material is already causing environmental problems around the sugar factories. In this
project objective is to study the influence of partial replacement of Portland cement with sugarcane bagasse ash
in concrete subjected to different acidic Environments. The variable factors considered in this study were
concrete grade of M35 & curing periods of 28, 60, 90 days of the concrete specimens in 1%, 3%, and 5% of
hydrochloric acid in water for curing the specimens. Bagasse ash has been partially replaced in the ratio of 0%,
5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, and 10% by weight.
IRJET - Study on Site Soil Treated with Bagasse Ash as a Liner MaterialIRJET Journal
The document studies the use of sugarcane bagasse ash, a byproduct of sugar production, as an additive to site soil to improve its properties for use as a liner material in waste containment facilities. Laboratory tests were conducted on soil samples with varying percentages of bagasse ash addition to determine optimal moisture content, compaction characteristics, unconfined compressive strength, and hydraulic conductivity. The results showed that bagasse ash improved the geotechnical properties of the soil, with hydraulic conductivity decreasing and strength increasing, indicating its potential as an effective and sustainable liner material.
IRJET - Production and Characterization of Biomass BriquettesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the production and characterization of biomass briquettes. Sawdust, rice husk, and groundnut shell were used as raw materials to produce briquettes through densification and a binding agent. The briquettes were then characterized to determine properties like volatile matter content, ash content, fixed carbon, calorific value, ignition time, and burning rate. The results showed that the briquettes had calorific values similar to coal and could serve as an alternative fuel. The production of biomass briquettes provides a renewable energy source and makes use of agricultural waste.
IRJET- Effects of Rice Husk and Rice Husk Ash to the Properties of Unburnt BrickIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effects of adding rice husk and rice husk ash to the properties of unburnt bricks. Bricks were manufactured with different proportions of rice husk (2-20% by weight), rice husk ash (2-20% by weight), and combinations of rice husk and rice husk ash. Testing found that the compressive strength increased with the addition of rice husk and rice husk ash up to 10%, with the highest strength achieved with 10% rice husk, 10% rice husk ash, or a 1-1% combination. The bulk density decreased with higher proportions of rice husk and rice husk ash due to lower brick weight. The study
A Limited Review on the feasibility of using rice huskAsh in various applicationIRJET Journal
1) Rice husk ash (RHA) is a waste product from rice farming that is siliceous and refractory in nature. It has properties similar to construction materials like bricks.
2) The study assessed using varying amounts of RHA (5-20%) as a replacement for clay in making bricks. Bricks with 5-10% RHA performed similarly to conventional clay bricks with adequate strength (>5 MPa).
3) Higher RHA content (15-20%) resulted in lower compressive strengths (<5 MPa) due to weaker bonding from reduced clay content. Overall, using a limited amount of RHA can provide a more sustainable brick without compromising quality.
Synthesis of Nano-Silica Material from Agricultural WastesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on synthesizing nano-silica material from rice husk, an agricultural waste. Rice husk is abundant in India and contains silica. The researchers extracted nano-silica through thermal and chemical treatment methods. In the thermal method, rice husk is burned to produce rice husk ash. In the chemical method, rice husk ash is treated with alkaline solutions like sodium hydroxide and acids to purify the silica and remove impurities. The extracted nano-silica is characterized through techniques like SEM, XRD, FTIR which confirm its amorphous nature and particle size of around 10-20nm. Nano-silica has applications in various industries and using agricultural
IRJET- To Study the Effect of Lime and Rice Husk Ash on Compaction Parame...IRJET Journal
The document presents the results of a study investigating the effect of lime and rice husk ash on the compaction parameters of black cotton soil. Standard compaction tests were conducted according to Indian standards on samples of black cotton soil mixed with 8% lime and varying percentages (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) of rice husk ash by weight. The tests found that adding rice husk ash decreased the maximum dry density but increased the optimum moisture content, with these effects increasing with higher rice husk ash content. Lime was found to decrease the water content and increase the maximum dry density, improving the soil properties.
IRJET - Experimental Study on Fly Ash Bricks by using Granite and Marble PowderIRJET Journal
The document presents the results of an experimental study on fly ash bricks containing granite and marble powder. Various mix ratios of fly ash, lime, gypsum, and granite or marble powder were used to produce brick samples. The samples were then tested to determine their compressive strength, water absorption, density, efflorescence, soundness, shape and size, color, hardness, and internal structure. Test results found that bricks containing 10% replacement of fly ash with either granite or marble powder exhibited the highest compressive strength. Using more than 15% mineral powder replacement resulted in lower strength. Therefore, a 10% replacement was determined to be the optimum mix ratio.
Warm polymer modified-asphalt03022013submitted kict main eng 03032013 - copyBayar Tsend
The document summarizes information from the 1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference. It discusses key topics like asphalt pavement types including hot-mix, polymer-modified, and warm-mix technologies. It highlights the benefits of using polymer-modified asphalt, which can improve rutting resistance, reduce cracking, and allow for use in colder climates. Warm-mix asphalt is also introduced as a technology that uses lower production and construction temperatures while maintaining quality, with benefits including energy savings, reduced emissions, and less oxidation.
IRJET- Study on Engineering Properties of Soil using Bagasse Ash and Sisal FiberIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the engineering properties of soil stabilized with bagasse ash and sisal fiber. Bagasse ash is a waste product from sugarcane mills that is mixed with clayey soil in proportions from 2-8% by weight. Sisal fiber, a natural fiber, is added to the soil-bagasse ash mixture in lengths of 2, 4, 6 mm and proportions of 1-2% by weight. Tests are conducted to determine the maximum dry density, optimum moisture content, unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio of the stabilized soil mixtures. The results show that mixing 4% bagasse ash and 1% sisal fiber improves the engineering properties of the clayey soil. Further testing is
Study of Combustion Characteristics of Fuel Briquettesijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and GGBS in Co...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigates the impact of partially replacing cement with sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) in concrete. Cubes, cylinders, and prisms were cast with 0%, 10%, and 20% replacements of cement with SCBA and GGBS. The specimens were tested after 7 and 28 days to determine their compression, split tensile, and flexural strengths. The results showed that concrete with 10-20% replacements had higher strengths compared to normal concrete without replacements. Additionally, the workability of concrete increased with higher SCBA and GGBS content replacements. Therefore, partially replacing cement with these waste materials improves the properties and reduces the cost of
Comparative Study on Strength Properties of Concrete due to Partial Replaceme...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study on the strength properties of concrete with partial replacement of cement by arecanut husk ash and fly ash. The study investigates the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths of concrete mixtures with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% replacement of cement by the two materials. The results show that compressive strength increases up to 10% replacement by fly ash but decreases with higher replacement levels. Replacement by arecanut husk ash also decreases strengths with increased replacement beyond 10%. Both materials can be used to partially replace cement, but fly ash is more effective at improving compressive strength.
IRJET- Incorporation of Rice Husk Ash and Metakaolin as Partial Replacement o...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes research on incorporating rice husk ash (RHA) and metakaolin as partial replacements for cement in concrete. RHA is a byproduct of rice processing that can be used as a supplementary cementitious material in concrete. Metakaolin is obtained by calcining kaolin clay and has pozzolanic properties when used in concrete. The research involved preparing concrete mixtures with RHA and metakaolin replacements of 2%, 4%, 8%, and 10% by mass of cement. Tests on compressive, flexural, and split tensile strength of the concrete specimens showed that concrete strength generally increased with the additions of RHA and metakaolin. It was concluded that these materials can effectively replace a portion
IRJET- Using of Ferro-Chrome Slag as a Coarse Aggregate and Stone Dust as a F...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on using ferrochrome slag as a coarse aggregate and stone dust as a fine aggregate in concrete. Ferrochrome slag is a waste material from ferrochrome production and stone dust comes from stone cutting plants. The study investigated the properties and performance of concrete when natural aggregates are partially or fully replaced. Concrete mixtures were designed and specimens were cast to test compressive strength, split tensile strength, and other properties at 7 and 28 days. The results were compared to conventional concrete to evaluate the use of these industrial byproducts in concrete.
This document summarizes research on fabricating porous mullite-alumina ceramic using torrefied rice husk as a pore-forming agent and silica source. Rice husk was heat treated to make it easier to grind and mix with alumina powder. Samples were sintered at temperatures from 1150-1450°C. The formation of mullite did not occur until 1450°C. Depending on rice husk content and sintering temperature, sample densities ranged from 1.0-2.6 g/cm3. Higher sintering temperatures led to pore closure and swelling in some samples. Mullite and corundum phases were identified by XRD. SEM showed an amorphous
IRJET- A Review Effect of Size of Aggregate on M40 Concrete by Partial Replac...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of replacing cement with sugarcane bagasse ash at various percentages in an M40 concrete mix. Two aggregate proportions were tested: 60% 20mm and 40% 10mm aggregates (Case I), and 40% 20mm and 60% 10mm aggregates (Case II). Workability and compressive strength at 7 and 14 days were evaluated. The results showed that replacing cement with up to 15% sugarcane bagasse ash improved compressive strength and provided an eco-friendly and lower cost concrete mix.
IRJET- Increasing the Strength of Soil using Fly Ash and Polyproplene FibreIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on increasing the strength of soil using fly ash and polypropylene fiber. The study involved collecting soil samples from Morni, India and testing their properties like liquid limit and plastic limit. The soil was then mixed with varying percentages of fly ash and polypropylene fiber. Tests like standard Proctor, CBR, and direct shear were performed to analyze the maximum dry density, optimum moisture content, unconfined compressive strength, cohesion, and friction angle of the stabilized soils. The results showed that adding up to 7% fly ash and 0.1% polypropylene fiber increased the dry density, CBR values, cohesion, and friction angle of the soil compared
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Unstabilized Clay Soil by Groundnut ...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigates the use of groundnut shell ash and bagasse ash to stabilize clay soil. Laboratory tests were conducted on clay soil samples with 0%, 2% and 4% additions of each ash, including liquid limit, plastic limit, standard Proctor compaction and unconfined compressive strength tests. The results showed that adding both ashes increased the maximum dry density and reduced the optimum moisture content in compaction tests. The unconfined compressive strength also increased with ash additions up to 2% bagasse ash. The study concludes that using these agricultural wastes can effectively improve the engineering properties of clay soil and provide environmental benefits by reducing waste.
The utilization of waste produced by industries and agriculture has been focused, to reduce it for agriculture and economical reasons. The waste product from sugarcane factory (SUGARCANE BAGASSE ASH) is causing serious pollution which is replaced in cement concrete. Bagasse is sugar factories byproduct.
Bagasse can be used for energy generation. The ash which is obtained from the boiler is a waste product known a Sugarcane Bagasse Ash. It has high volume of Sio2. Use of SBA as partial replacement of fine aggregate will help to improve quality of concrete. SCBA is replaced by cement in concrete with 0%, 5%, to 30% ratios. In addition to this 10% silica fume is added to the composition. Due to improper compaction of concrete may have pores & capillary spaces, which leads to low strength of concrete. Tests compaction factor test and slump cone test are conducted for fresh concrete as all as harden concrete tests like compressive strength, sorptivity and water absorption are also conducted.
IRJET-Review on Bagasse Ash an Effective Replacement in Fly Ash BricksIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using sugarcane bagasse ash as a replacement for fly ash in clay bricks. Bagasse ash is a waste product from sugarcane processing. The study tested bricks with 10-80% bagasse ash replacements for fly ash, keeping lime and quarry dust at 10%. Bricks were tested for compression strength and water absorption. Results showed bricks with 10% bagasse ash replacement had the highest compression strength of 8.98 MPa. Water absorption of all bricks was under 16%. Compared to conventional clay bricks, bagasse ash bricks had higher strength, lower density and cost, and absorption under building standards. The optimal bagasse ash replacement was found to be 10-50% beyond which cracks
Study on the Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Banana Fibre on Pressed Late...IRJET Journal
This study investigated the effects of adding sugarcane bagasse ash and banana fibre to laterite soil bricks. Standard proctor tests found that optimum moisture content remained unchanged with bagasse ash addition up to 12%, while maximum dry density increased slightly up to 6% ash. Unconfined compression tests of soil mixtures found strength peaked at 12% ash and further increased with up to 2% banana fibre addition. Compression tests of bricks made with 12% ash showed strength increased with up to 2% fibre. Shape tests indicated shrinkage with heating. Brick pillar tests showed strength increased with fibre but was lower than burnt clay bricks. In conclusion, bagasse ash and fibre improved geotechnical properties and strengths of laterite soil bricks.
Effect of Acidic Environment (HCL) on Concrete With Sugarcane Bagasse Ash As ...IJERA Editor
With increasing demand and consumption of cement, researchers and scientist are in search of developing
alternate binders that are eco friendly and contribute towards waste management. The utilization of industrial
and agricultural waste produced by industrial processes has been the focus on waste reduction. One of the agro
waste sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) which is a fibrous waste product obtained from sugar mills as byproduct is
taken for study area. This experimental and analytical study investigates the durability of M35 concrete mix
using Ordinary Portland Cement and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as partial replacement in Ordinary Portland
Cement. Sugarcane Bagasse Ash was obtained by burning of Sugarcane at 700 to 800 degree Centigrade in sugar
refining industry, Bagasse Ash obtained from burning was grounded until the particles passing the 90 micron
sieve. The disposal of this material is already causing environmental problems around the sugar factories. In this
project objective is to study the influence of partial replacement of Portland cement with sugarcane bagasse ash
in concrete subjected to different acidic Environments. The variable factors considered in this study were
concrete grade of M35 & curing periods of 28, 60, 90 days of the concrete specimens in 1%, 3%, and 5% of
hydrochloric acid in water for curing the specimens. Bagasse ash has been partially replaced in the ratio of 0%,
5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, and 10% by weight.
IRJET - Study on Site Soil Treated with Bagasse Ash as a Liner MaterialIRJET Journal
The document studies the use of sugarcane bagasse ash, a byproduct of sugar production, as an additive to site soil to improve its properties for use as a liner material in waste containment facilities. Laboratory tests were conducted on soil samples with varying percentages of bagasse ash addition to determine optimal moisture content, compaction characteristics, unconfined compressive strength, and hydraulic conductivity. The results showed that bagasse ash improved the geotechnical properties of the soil, with hydraulic conductivity decreasing and strength increasing, indicating its potential as an effective and sustainable liner material.
IRJET - Production and Characterization of Biomass BriquettesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the production and characterization of biomass briquettes. Sawdust, rice husk, and groundnut shell were used as raw materials to produce briquettes through densification and a binding agent. The briquettes were then characterized to determine properties like volatile matter content, ash content, fixed carbon, calorific value, ignition time, and burning rate. The results showed that the briquettes had calorific values similar to coal and could serve as an alternative fuel. The production of biomass briquettes provides a renewable energy source and makes use of agricultural waste.
IRJET- Effects of Rice Husk and Rice Husk Ash to the Properties of Unburnt BrickIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effects of adding rice husk and rice husk ash to the properties of unburnt bricks. Bricks were manufactured with different proportions of rice husk (2-20% by weight), rice husk ash (2-20% by weight), and combinations of rice husk and rice husk ash. Testing found that the compressive strength increased with the addition of rice husk and rice husk ash up to 10%, with the highest strength achieved with 10% rice husk, 10% rice husk ash, or a 1-1% combination. The bulk density decreased with higher proportions of rice husk and rice husk ash due to lower brick weight. The study
A Limited Review on the feasibility of using rice huskAsh in various applicationIRJET Journal
1) Rice husk ash (RHA) is a waste product from rice farming that is siliceous and refractory in nature. It has properties similar to construction materials like bricks.
2) The study assessed using varying amounts of RHA (5-20%) as a replacement for clay in making bricks. Bricks with 5-10% RHA performed similarly to conventional clay bricks with adequate strength (>5 MPa).
3) Higher RHA content (15-20%) resulted in lower compressive strengths (<5 MPa) due to weaker bonding from reduced clay content. Overall, using a limited amount of RHA can provide a more sustainable brick without compromising quality.
Synthesis of Nano-Silica Material from Agricultural WastesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on synthesizing nano-silica material from rice husk, an agricultural waste. Rice husk is abundant in India and contains silica. The researchers extracted nano-silica through thermal and chemical treatment methods. In the thermal method, rice husk is burned to produce rice husk ash. In the chemical method, rice husk ash is treated with alkaline solutions like sodium hydroxide and acids to purify the silica and remove impurities. The extracted nano-silica is characterized through techniques like SEM, XRD, FTIR which confirm its amorphous nature and particle size of around 10-20nm. Nano-silica has applications in various industries and using agricultural
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF STRENGTH OF ECOFRIENDLY MORTAR MADE WITH PARTIAL REPL...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study analyzing the strength of eco-friendly mortar made by partially replacing natural fine aggregate (sand) with fly ash. Fly ash is a byproduct of coal combustion that is often disposed of improperly, harming the environment. The study mixes mortar with 0%, 20%, 22%, 24%, and 26% fly ash replacement of sand to evaluate compressive strength after 7 and 28 days of curing. Results show compressive strength increases with higher fly ash content, with a 6.5% strength increase at 20% replacement compared to 100% sand. Using fly ash helps reduce pollution from waste disposal while conserving natural resources as construction demand grows. The study aims to promote more sustainable mortar production and construction
STABILIZATION OF LOW COMPRESSIBLE CLAYEY SOIL USING GYPSUM & SUGARCANE BAGASS...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated stabilizing low compressible clayey soil using gypsum and sugarcane bagasse ash. Laboratory tests were conducted on soil samples containing varying percentages of gypsum (3-9%) and sugarcane bagasse ash (8-16%). The results showed that gypsum addition increased the optimum moisture content and decreased the maximum dry density of soil samples. Unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio values increased with 7% gypsum and 12% sugarcane bagasse ash additions. The maximum improvements were observed at these concentrations, indicating they effectively stabilized the clayey soil.
Utilization of Industrial and Agricultural Byproducts for Enhancement of Geot...IRJET Journal
This document discusses utilizing industrial and agricultural byproducts to enhance the geotechnical properties of road soil subgrade. Specifically, it examines using marble waste powder, ceramic waste powder, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, fly ash, granular blast furnace slag, and copper slag as admixtures to stabilize expansive black cotton soil. Black cotton soil has poor load bearing capacity and high swelling/shrinkage that can damage civil engineering structures. The study aims to investigate how these industrial waste materials can improve the index properties, compaction characteristics, unconfined compressive strength, and soaked California bearing ratio of expansive soil to make it suitable for road subgrade construction. Utilizing these industrial byproducts provides
Evaluation of Sustainable Green Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement b...IRJET Journal
This document evaluates sustainable green concrete with partial replacements of cement by rice husk ash and coarse aggregate by crushed cattle bones. Concrete cubes were made with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% rice husk ash replacement of cement and 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% crushed cattle bone replacement of coarse aggregate. The compressive strength of the concrete cubes after 28 days was found to increase by 20-30% compared to normal concrete, demonstrating that the use of rice husk ash and crushed cattle bones can improve the strength and sustainability of concrete.
Impact of Using RHA and CD in Replacement of Cement for Mixijceronline
This document presents a study on the impact of using rice husk ash (RHA) and copper dust (CD) as partial replacements for cement in concrete mixes. The study involved collecting RHA and CD, testing their properties, developing mix designs, and casting and testing concrete cubes with different RHA and CD replacement levels. The key findings were:
- Replacing cement with up to 30% RHA and 40% CD in the mix designs increased the compressive strength of concrete cubes up to 25% and split tensile strength up to 40% compared to a normal concrete mix.
- Tests on the raw materials found RHA has a specific gravity of 2.52 and 75% fineness, while CD
IRJET- Performance Evaluation of Clay Soil by the Addition of Silica Fume...IRJET Journal
This document evaluates the performance of clay soil modified with silica fume and sisal fibres. Standard proctor tests were conducted to determine the optimum moisture content and maximum dry density of the natural clay and clay mixtures. The addition of silica fume and sisal fibres was found to slightly increase the optimum moisture content while decreasing the maximum dry density. Unconfined compression tests showed that the unconfined compressive strength increased with higher proportions of silica fume and sisal fibres, with the highest strength of 98 kPa achieved using 15% silica fume and 0.75% sisal fibres. The study demonstrates that modifying clay soils with waste materials like silica fume and sisal fib
Durability Studies on Concrete and Comparison with Partial Replacement of Cem...IJERA Editor
This research work describes the feasibility of using the Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash
(SCBA) waste in concrete production as a partial replacement of cement. This present work deals with the effect
on strength and mechanical properties of concrete using RHA and SCBA instead of cement. The cement has
been replaced by rice husk ash, accordingly in the range of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight. Concrete
mixtures with RHA, were produced, tested and compared in terms of compressive strengths with the
Conventional concrete. These tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties for the test results of
7, 28, 60, 90 days for compressive strengths in normal water and in MgSO4 solution of 1%, 3% and 5%. Also
the durability aspect for rice husk ash concrete for sulphate attack was tested. Similarly the above tests were also
performed for SCBA. The result indicates that the RHA and SCBA improve concrete durability. Finally the test
results for RHA and SCBA were compared. Key words: Rice Husk Ash, Sugarcane Bagasse Ash, Concrete,
M35 grade concrete, cubes, cylinders, MgSO4, durability.
Experimental Study on Properties of Concrete with Partial Replacement of Ceme...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigates the properties of concrete with partial replacements of cement with egg shell powder and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). Egg shell powder and GGBS were used as partial replacements of cement at varying percentages, from 0% to 20% for egg shell powder and 0% to 40% for GGBS. The compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength of the concrete mixtures were then determined. The results were compared to a control concrete without replacements to evaluate how the waste materials impacted the properties of the concrete. The aim was to develop sustainable concrete mixtures using industrial and agricultural byproducts while maintaining adequate strength properties.
IRJET- Intensification of Soil Properties Influence by Synthetic Fibre and P...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study on intensifying soil properties using synthetic fiber and pond ash. Pond ash is a waste material produced by thermal power plants in India, which currently produces about 130 million tons of ash annually. The study aims to reinforce pond ash with nylon fiber at various substitution percentages when mixed with black cotton soil. Standard compaction and CBR tests were conducted on soil mixtures with 10-40% pond ash and 2-10% nylon fiber. The results showed that mixing 20% pond ash achieved the highest maximum dry density of 1.53g/cc at an optimum moisture content of 18.2%. Further adding 6% nylon fiber to the 20% pond ash mixture increased the maximum dry density to
IRJET- Experimental Study on Effect on Compressive Strength of Interlocki...IRJET Journal
This study experimentally investigated the effect on compressive strength of interlocking tiles by replacing cement and aggregate with bagasse ash, lime, and demolished concrete. Tiles were produced with varying proportions of bagasse ash (20-50%) and lime as cement replacements. Testing found that replacing 30% cement with 30% bagasse ash and 70% lime produced the highest strength at 72.28% of standard tiles. This reduced cement consumption and cost while providing adequate strength, providing an eco-friendly and economical building material alternative.
IRJET- Strength and Durability Study on Agro Waste based on Mud BlockIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the strength and durability of agro-waste based mud blocks. Various ashes including bagasse ash, rice husk ash, and groundnut shell ash were used to stabilize soil in different percentages for producing blocks. The physical and chemical properties of the soils and ashes were determined. Mud blocks of size 240x240x100mm were prepared by compressing mixtures of soil, ashes, and cement. The blocks were cured for 21 days and then tested for compressive strength and water absorption. Test results found that compressive strength increased with higher percentages of different ashes. Blocks mixed with ashes also showed improved water exclusion. Stabilizing soil with agro-waste ashes can enhance soil properties and
TO INVESTIGATE THE BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE BY PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research investigating the behavior of concrete with partial replacement of cement with tobacco waste ash and sugarcane bagasse ash. The researchers replaced cement in concrete mixtures with varying percentages of tobacco waste ash and sugarcane bagasse ash, from 6-36% total replacement. They tested the compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength of the concrete mixtures after curing for 7, 14, and 28 days. Their results showed that a combined replacement of 18% sugarcane bagasse ash and 9% tobacco waste ash produced higher strength values than other replacement percentages tested, indicating this is a promising partial cement replacement for more sustainable concrete.
Similar to IRJET- Fineness Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash, Rice Husk Ash, and Fly Ash on Strength of Concrete (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.