The IRDA was established in 2000 by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act to regulate and develop the insurance industry in India. The IRDA is led by a Chairman and five whole-time members appointed by the Government of India. Its key functions include licensing insurance companies and intermediaries, approving products and pricing, monitoring company performance, formulating regulations, and educating consumers. The IRDA aims to protect policyholders' interests and ensure the orderly growth of the insurance sector for economic development.