Iodine is an essential trace element needed by the body in small amounts. It is a component of thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism and body temperature. Adequate iodine intake is especially important during pregnancy and breastfeeding as it is crucial for fetal development and prevents neurological issues. Pregnant and lactating women are recommended to intake 150 mcg of iodine daily to support development during the first few months of pregnancy. A deficiency in iodine can cause hypothyroidism, goiter, and cretinism.