Iodine is an essential micronutrient needed to synthesize thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency can cause iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) which impacts public health worldwide. IDD results in goiter (enlarged thyroid gland), hypothyroidism, impaired brain development in children, and increased infant mortality. Prevention focuses on iodizing salt, dietary sources like seafood, and public education. Addressing IDD requires sustained efforts to ensure populations receive adequate iodine intake, especially during pregnancy and childhood.

1. Iodine Deficiency
Disorder
Team: Three
Topic

2. General Objectives
To inform and raise awareness about the
causes, consequences, and preventive
measures of iodine deficiency, promoting
public health education to mitigate the risks
associated with inadequate iodine intake.
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At the end of the lesson we will be able to:

3. Introduction
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Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD) is a global
public health concern with far-reaching
consequences. Iodine, an essential
micronutrient, plays a crucial role in the
synthesis of thyroid hormones, which are vital
for proper growth, development, and
metabolism. Despite substantial progress in
addressing IDD in some regions, challenges
persist, impacting millions of individuals
worldwide.

4. Definition of Iodine
Let’s know about
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5. Iodine
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6. Definition of Iodine
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Iodine is a chemical element with the
symbol and atomic number 53. It is a
halogen, commonly found in iodine in some
seaweeds. It plays a nature as crucial role
in the human body, especially in the
function of the thyroid gland, which
produces thyroid hormones essential for
metabolism.

7. Source of iodine
Let’s know about the
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8. Source of iodine
❖ 1. Sea food: Fish and shellfish, especially cod, tuna
Shrimp, and seaweed are rich in iodine.
❖ 2. Seaweed: Certain types of seaweed, such as kelp and
noni, can be particularly high in iodine
❖ 3. Dairy products: Milk and dairy foods are good sources
as iodine is often used to clean equipment in the dairy
industry.
❖ 4. Idolized salt: Many countries add iodine to table Salt to
help prevent iodine deficiency. However, not all salt is
iodized, so it's essential to check labels.
❖ 5. Eggs food: Eggs Can contain iodine depending on the
iodine content of the chicken food
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9. Function of iodine
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10. Function of iodine
❖ Iodine is required for the Synthesis of the thyroid
hormones thyroxine (Ta) and triiodothyronine (T3).
❖ It is essential in minute amounts for the normal
growth and development and well-being of all
humans.
❖ Iodine in needed for the oxygen consumption by the
tissue.
❖ Iodine is required for the proper’s, functioning of
nervous and muscular tissue, circulatory and
metabolisms of nutrients.
❖ Maintaining of healthy Skin, hair, and nails.
❖ Iodine hormones help regulate body temperature and
brain development of body
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11. Daily requirement
of iodine
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12. Daily requirement of iodine
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Age Group Requirement
Infants and Children 40 -120 micro gram
Adolescents 140-150 micro gram
Adult 150-160 micro gram
Pregnant Mother 175 micro gram
Lactating Mother 175 micro gram

13. Iodine deficiency
disorder
Now let’s jump into the main topic
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14. Iodine deficiency disorder
❖ Iodine deficiency disorder is called goiter.
❖ Goiter Can be defined as the swelling of
the thyroid gland due to dysfunction of
thyroid homeostasis resulting Prom iodine
deficiency.
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15. Iodine deficiency disorder
❖ Goiter Formation: A visible enlargement of the thyroid
gland known as a goiter is a common effect of iodine
deficiency. The thyroid enlarges in an attempt to
produce more thyroid hormones, but the increased size
can lead to discomfort or difficulty breathing or
swallowing
❖ Hypothyroidism: Iodine is crucial component of thyroid
hormones (T38Tg) Insufficient iodine results in
decreased production of these hormones, leading to
hypothyroidism. This Condition Can Cause fatigue,
weight, gain, cold etc.
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Let’s see which things happened

16. Iodine deficiency disorder
❖ Mental impairment: Iodine deficiency during
pregnancy and early Childhood can result in
mental impairments in the offspring. This includes
lower IQ, learning disability and developmental
delays, collectively known as Cretinism.
❖ Reproductive issues: Iodine deficiency can lead to
reproductive problems Including, infertility
increase risk of still birth, and miscarriages.
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Let’s see which things happened

17. Iodine deficiency disorder
❖ Increased infant mortality: Babies born to iodine
deficient mothers are at a higher risk of premature
birth and infant mortality.
❖ Impaired immune function: Iodine deficiency can
compromise the immune System, making
individuals more Susceptible to infections and
diseases.
❖ Economic Consequences: IDD can have economic
implications for affected regions due to decreased
productivity, increased healthcare costs, and a
higher burden on social Services
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Let’s see which things happened

18. Iodine deficiency disorder
❖ Reduced work capacity: Adults with iodine deficiency
may occur experience reduced work capacity and
productivity due to fatigue, lethargy, and cognitive
impartments associated with hypothyroidism.
❖ Global impact: While iodine deficiency is preventable, it
continues to be a significant global health issue,
particularly in contain regions with low iodine levels in
the soil.
Addressing iodine deficiency involves public health measures such
as iodized salt programs education, and Supplementation to ensure
individuals receive adequate iodine, especially during Critical
periods like pregnancy & early childhood.
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Let’s see which things happened

19. Definition of goiter
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20. Definition of goiter
A goiter is a swelling of the neck or
larynx resulting from enlargement of the
thyroid gland, associated with thyroid
gland that is not functioning properly.
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22. Signs and Symptoms of goiter
❖ 1. A lump in the front of our neck just below
our Adams apple.
❖ 2. A feeling of tightness in cars throat area.
❖ 3. Hoarseness (Scratchy voice).
❖ 4. Dizziness when we raise our arms above
our head.
❖ 5. Difficulty breathing (Shortness of breath).
❖ 6. Coughing.
❖ 7. Wheezing & difficulty Swallowing.
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23. Prevention of goiter
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24. Prevention of goiter
Generally, the only type of goiters we can prevent.
Consuming a diet that includes fish dairy and a healthy
amount of iodized table salt prevent these types of goiters.
❖ Eat a diet high in protein to replace muscle tissue
that is lost from an overactive thyroid.
❖ Eat a low-fat diet if we are overweight.
❖ Good dietary sources of iodine are sea-weed, salt
water fish and shellfish.
❖ Avoid feeding babies only soy-based formulas
there is evidence that this can contribute to later
risk of thyroid disease.

25. Prevention of goiter
❖ Try to give up smoking
❖ Try to reduce our stress.
❖ Preventing of goiter involves ensuring sufficient
of iodine intake
❖ Regular consumption of iodine rich foods like sea
food, egg etc.

26. Importance of Iodine in
human body
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27. Importance of in human body
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❖ Iodine is required for the synthesis of the thyroid
hormones- thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)
❖ It is essential in minute amounts for the normal
growth and development and wellbeing of all
humans.
❖ Iodine is needed for the oxygen Consumption by the
tissue.
❖ Iodine is required for the prop functioning of
nervous and muscular tissue, Circulatory and
metabolisms of nutrients.

28. Prevention of iodine
deficiency disorder
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29. Prevention of iodine deficiency
disorder
❖ 1. Iodized salt:
➢ It is not less than 30 ppm at the production Point
➢ it is not less than 15 ppm of iodine at the consumer
level.
➢ Iodized oil oral:
➢ The oral administration of iodine as iodized oil as
Sodium iodate tablets is technically Simpler than the
injection method.
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30. Prevention of iodine deficiency
disorder
❖ 2. Iodine monitoring:
➢ Determination of iodine excretion
➢ Determination of iodine in water, soil and food.
➢ Determination of iodine in Salt for quality Control.
❖ 3. Manpower: It is vital for the Success of control that
health workers and others engaged in the program be
fully trained in all aspects of goiter control including
legal enforcement and public education.
❖ 4. Mass Communication: Mass Communication is a
powerful tool for nutrition education. It should be fully
Used in goiter Control work.
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31. Prevention of iodine deficiency
disorder
❖ 5. Hazards of iodization: A mild increase In incidence
of thyrotoxicosis has now been described following
iodized Salt program,
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32. Conclusion
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In conclusion, tackling Iodine Deficiency Disorder
requires a concerted effort from governments,
healthcare professionals, and communities.
Through awareness, education, and sustainable
iodine supplementation programs, we can mitigate
the adverse effects of IDD, ensuring healthier lives
and brighter futures for generations to come. It is a
collective responsibility to address this issue and
pave the way for improved global public health.

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That’s all
for today

34. Group Members
➢ Tanvir Ahmad -23
➢ Fatema -39
➢ Rafia Akter -25
➢ Erin - 67
➢ Koruna Khatun -13
➢ Mithila – 70
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➢ Chadnee – 40
➢ Sabina Khatun – 06
➢ Soniya – 29
➢ Mohsina – 26
➢ Akhi -05

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Office of Dietary Supplements - iodine. (n.d.). https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Iodine-Consumer/
Wikipedia contributors. (2001, May 17). Iodine - Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodine
IODINE: Overview, uses, side effects, precautions, interactions, dosing and reviews. (n.d.).
https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-35/iodine
Healthdirect Australia. (2023, October 30). Iodine deficiency. Symptoms, Causes, Treatment &
Prevention | Healthdirect. https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/iodine-deficiency
Professional, C. C. M. (n.d.). Iodine deficiency. Cleveland Clinic.
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23417-iodine-deficiency
Eastman, C. J. (2018, February 6). The iodine deficiency disorders. Endotext - NCBI Bookshelf.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK285556/
American Thyroid Association. (2023, July 28). Iodine deficiency | American Thyroid
Association. https://www.thyroid.org/iodine-deficiency/
Reference

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