This document discusses child nutrition and malnutrition. It defines a child as a human between birth and puberty. Proper nutrition is essential for a child's development and overall health. Malnutrition can be caused by factors like inadequate dietary intake, infections, and poor sanitation. The main types of malnutrition are marasmus and kwashiorkor. Introducing complementary foods at the right developmental stages along with breastfeeding is important for a child's nutrition. Gradually introducing single-ingredient foods can help identify allergies or intolerance. Malnutrition is one of the leading causes of disease and death in children under five and can impact cognitive development and increase risk of illness.

1. Child NutritionChild Nutrition
Healthy kid’s ; Wealthy futureHealthy kid’s ; Wealthy future

2. Deffination of child :Deffination of child :
 Biologically, aBiologically, a childchild (plural:(plural: childrenchildren) is) is
generally a human between the stages ofgenerally a human between the stages of birthbirth
andand pubertypuberty..
 A person between birth and puberty.A person between birth and puberty.
 A person who has not attained maturity or theA person who has not attained maturity or the
age of legal majority.age of legal majority.

3. Different age of child-hood :Different age of child-hood :
 11stst
days = neonataldays = neonatal
 2-30 days = New born2-30 days = New born
 2 month- 2 years =Infant2 month- 2 years =Infant
 2-6 years = Early childhood2-6 years = Early childhood
 6-13 years = childhood/pre-adolescent6-13 years = childhood/pre-adolescent
 13-18 years = Adolescents13-18 years = Adolescents

4. Deffination of child nutrition :Deffination of child nutrition :
 Proper weight for age/heightProper weight for age/height
 Develop of internal & Exrernal organDevelop of internal & Exrernal organ
 Overall maturation of digestive systemOverall maturation of digestive system
 Normal physical and neuropsychic developmentNormal physical and neuropsychic development
of the child .of the child .
 Strong immunity powerStrong immunity power

5. Neccessity of child nutrition :Neccessity of child nutrition :
 Did you know that child nutrition, at the right time ofDid you know that child nutrition, at the right time of
your baby's life, could make the difference between mentalyour baby's life, could make the difference between mental
and physical retardation obust mental and physical healthand physical retardation obust mental and physical health
 child nutrition can produce such achild nutrition can produce such a
crucial difference, but, only, at the right time.crucial difference, but, only, at the right time.
 The time for maximal child nutrition influence is prior toThe time for maximal child nutrition influence is prior to
your baby's birth.your baby's birth.
 It is self-evident that child nutrition is an importantIt is self-evident that child nutrition is an important
factor in determining a kid's health.factor in determining a kid's health.
 child nutrition becomes the single mostchild nutrition becomes the single most
dominant factor determining your child's health and,dominant factor determining your child's health and,
therefore, his or her future success.therefore, his or her future success.
 Imprinting means that there exists a certain time in theImprinting means that there exists a certain time in the
development of the unborn baby where affects of hormones,development of the unborn baby where affects of hormones,
vitamins and other internal child nutrition factors withinvitamins and other internal child nutrition factors within
the womb, will have a maximal influence on, not only thethe womb, will have a maximal influence on, not only the
unborn baby's health, but on its later health during itsunborn baby's health, but on its later health during its
entire human life cycle.entire human life cycle.

6. Requirement:Requirement:
NutrientNutrient 0-6 month0-6 month 7-12 month7-12 month 1-5 years1-5 years
k.Caloriek.Calorie 120120 100100 1000-15001000-1500
ProteinProtein 2.3-1.8 gm/kg2.3-1.8 gm/kg 1.8-1.5 gm/kg1.8-1.5 gm/kg 17-22 gm17-22 gm
Calcium(Ca)Calcium(Ca) 0.5-0.6 mg0.5-0.6 mg 0.5-0.6mg0.5-0.6mg 0.4-0.5mg0.4-0.5mg
Iron (Fe)Iron (Fe) 6mg6mg 10mg10mg 15-20mg15-20mg
Vit AVit A 400mg400mg 300mg300mg 250-300mg250-300mg
Thamine (B1)Thamine (B1) 0.3mg0.3mg 0.3mg0.3mg 0.6-0.8mg0.6-0.8mg
Ribofalvine(b2)Ribofalvine(b2) 0.4mg0.4mg 0.4mg0.4mg 0.7-0.8mg0.7-0.8mg
Vit CVit C 30mg30mg 30mg30mg 30-40mg30-40mg
Folic acidFolic acid 25mg25mg 25mg25mg 50-100mg50-100mg

7. Colostrum(1Colostrum(1stst
Vaccine):Vaccine):
 A thin white opalescent fluid, the first milk secreted at theA thin white opalescent fluid, the first milk secreted at the
termination of pregnancy; it differs from the milk secretedtermination of pregnancy; it differs from the milk secreted
later by containing more lactalbumin and lactoprotein .later by containing more lactalbumin and lactoprotein .
 Health benefit of colostrum :Health benefit of colostrum :
 Strengthens the immune system against fungi, bacteria,Strengthens the immune system against fungi, bacteria,
viruses and Candida.viruses and Candida.
 Helps against depression and enhance mood.Helps against depression and enhance mood.
 Increases your muscle mass and BMR & lymphoid.Increases your muscle mass and BMR & lymphoid.
 Reduces allergic reactions like hay fever. Helps toneReduces allergic reactions like hay fever. Helps tone
down allergic responses for people with asthma whichdown allergic responses for people with asthma which
otherwise may bring an attack.otherwise may bring an attack.
 Balances the blood sugar, which helps control insulinBalances the blood sugar, which helps control insulin
levels in diabeteslevels in diabetes
 Rejuvenates skin and muscle tissue. Colostrum can beRejuvenates skin and muscle tissue. Colostrum can be
used topically as a paste to heal wounds, scars andused topically as a paste to heal wounds, scars and
acne by healing skin inflammation and stimulating cellacne by healing skin inflammation and stimulating cell
growthgrowth

8. More 5 benefit:More 5 benefit:
 Supports healthy joint and cartilage function. ColostrumSupports healthy joint and cartilage function. Colostrum
is a very effective anti-inflammatory compound whichis a very effective anti-inflammatory compound which
can help people with arthritis. It can also help othercan help people with arthritis. It can also help other
forms of inflammation from the digestive system whichforms of inflammation from the digestive system which
may be linked to arthritis.may be linked to arthritis.
 Promotes healthy intestinal flora in your digestivePromotes healthy intestinal flora in your digestive
system.system.
 Accelerates healing in the case of injury or trauma, asAccelerates healing in the case of injury or trauma, as
well as helping in recovery from cancer treatments. Itwell as helping in recovery from cancer treatments. It
does that by turning white blood cells into functionallydoes that by turning white blood cells into functionally
active T cells in patients, thus aiding in recuperation,active T cells in patients, thus aiding in recuperation,
healing and strengthening of the immune system.healing and strengthening of the immune system.
 Improves endurance and workload capacity. Allows forImproves endurance and workload capacity. Allows for
greater aerobic and anaerobic performance, as well asgreater aerobic and anaerobic performance, as well as
shorter recovery time between training sessions.shorter recovery time between training sessions.

9. Feeding Pattern:Feeding Pattern:
General breast feeding
Exclusive breast feedingNormal breast feeding

10. Weaning Food/ComplementaryWeaning Food/Complementary
food:food:

11. What is weaning food:What is weaning food:
 Complementary foods are foods other than
breast milk or infant formula (liquids, semisolids,
and solids) introduced to an infant to provide
nutrients.
Recommendations on the introduction
of complementary foods provided to caregivers of
infants should take into account:
 The infant’s developmental stage and
 nutritional status;
 Coexisting medical conditions;
 Social factors;
 Cultural, ethnic, and religious food
 preferences of the family;
 Financial considerations; and
 Other pertinent factors discovered through
the nutrition assessment process.

12. Best time for weaning food:Best time for weaning food: Pediatric nutrition authorities agree that
complementary foods should not be introduced
to infants before they are developmentally ready
for them; this readiness occurs in most infants
between 4 and 6 months of age.
Similarly, very few
studies show significant benefit for delaying
complementary foods until 6 months.”1 The
timing of introduction of complementary foods
for an individual infant may differ from this
recommendation. There is some disagreement
among authorities on the need for additional
sources of nutrients besides breast milk in the
first 6 months. However, there is agreement that
infants need a good dietary source of iron and
zinc by about 6 months of age, which cannot be
met by breast milk alone.

13. From 4 to 6 months of age, the following
developmental changes occur that allow the infant
to tolerate complementary foods:
 The infant’s ability to digest and absorb
proteins, fats, and carbohydrates,
 other than those in breast milk and
formula, increases rapidly.
 The infant’s kidneys develop the ability to
excrete the waste products from foods with
a high renal solute load, such as meat.
 The infant develops the neuromuscular
mechanisms needed for recognizing and
 accepting a spoon, masticating, swallowing
 nonliquid foods, and appreciating
 variation in the taste and color of foods.

14. Multimix:Multimix:
Breast feeding
Staple food
Rice-40gm
Protein
pulse-25gm
fish-10gm
egg
Fat-5gm
Vit/Min-30mg
Vegtable/Fruits

15. Weaning Food chart for child:Weaning Food chart for child:
FoodFood AgeAge QuantityQuantity IntakeIntake
Fruits juiceFruits juice 6-7 month6-7 month 1-2 spoon1-2 spoon With waterWith water
imulsionimulsion
RipeRipe
banana,mango,pabanana,mango,pa
paya(smash)paya(smash)
6-7 month6-7 month 1-2 spoon, 21-2 spoon, 2
times/daytimes/day
With milk imulsionWith milk imulsion
Suzi, CerealSuzi, Cereal After 1 week fruitAfter 1 week fruit
intakeintake
1-2 spoon, 21-2 spoon, 2
times/daytimes/day
With milkWith milk
Soft egg youlkSoft egg youlk After 1 weekAfter 1 week
cereal intakecereal intake
1 t. spoon1 t. spoon Soft imulsion withSoft imulsion with
milkmilk
VegetableVegetable
smash,boil potatosmash,boil potato
After 1 week eggAfter 1 week egg
intakeintake
1-2 t.spoon1-2 t.spoon Pumpkin, greenPumpkin, green
vegetablevegetable
Khichri with rice &Khichri with rice &
pulsepulse
After 1 weekAfter 1 week
vegetable intakevegetable intake
1-2 spoon.1-2 spoon.
2times/day2times/day
With little oil &With little oil &
saultsault
Boil liver. CookedBoil liver. Cooked
fish &fish &
meat(pishpash)meat(pishpash)
After 1 weekAfter 1 week
intake khichriintake khichri
1-2 spoon,1-2 spoon,
1times/day1times/day
Soft boil withSoft boil with
pulsepulse

16. Balance in weaning food:Balance in weaning food:

17. Feeding pattern:Feeding pattern:
Self
Feeding
Cup feeding
Spoon feeding
Breast/bottle feeding

18. Importance of Gradually Introducing
Each New Food:
 Introduce new foods one at a time.
 Introduce “single-ingredient” foods initially to
determine the infant’s acceptance to each food
(e.g., try plain rice cereal before rice cereal
mixed with fruit).
 Allow at least 7 days between the introduction
of each new “single-ingredient” food.
 Introduce a small amount (e.g., about 1 to 2
teaspoons) of a new food at first.
 Observe the infant closely for adverse
reactions such as rash, wheezing, or diarrhea
after feeding a new food.

19. Complication of Weaning food:Complication of Weaning food:
Allergy
Food intolerance
Digestive problem
Food intoxification
Elimination
Of causative
food
Alternative
food
Hyposen-
sitization

20. Child Mal-nutritionChild Mal-nutrition

21. Deffionation:Deffionation:
 Malnutrition is the condition that develops whenMalnutrition is the condition that develops when
the body does not get the right amount of thethe body does not get the right amount of the
vitaminsvitamins, minerals, and other nutrients it needs, minerals, and other nutrients it needs
to maintain healthy tissues and organ function.to maintain healthy tissues and organ function.
 Symptom:Symptom:
 anemiaanemia
 diarrheadiarrhea
 disorientationdisorientation
 night blindnessnight blindness
 irritability, anxiety, and attention deficitsirritability, anxiety, and attention deficits
 goiter (enlarged thyroid gland)goiter (enlarged thyroid gland)
 loss of reflexes and lack of muscular coordinationloss of reflexes and lack of muscular coordination
 muscle twitchesmuscle twitches
 amenorrhea (cessation of menstrual periods)amenorrhea (cessation of menstrual periods)
 scaling and cracking of the lips and mouth.scaling and cracking of the lips and mouth.

22. Big concern inBig concern in
malnutrition:malnutrition:
3 Type
Marasmus Kwashiorkor
Marasmic
Kwashiorkor

23. PEM effected child:PEM effected child:

24. Cause’s of child-nutrition:Cause’s of child-nutrition:
 Malnaourished motherMalnaourished mother
 Colostrum rejectionColostrum rejection
 Improper weaning foodImproper weaning food
 Rejection of Exclusive breast-feedingRejection of Exclusive breast-feeding
 Low-birth weight (2-2.5kg)Low-birth weight (2-2.5kg)
 Pre-mature childPre-mature child
 Un-hygein environmentUn-hygein environment
 Inadequate dietary intakeInadequate dietary intake
 Inadequate maternal careInadequate maternal care
 superstitionsuperstition

25. Take a look :Take a look :

26. Malnutrition is one of the leading cause ofMalnutrition is one of the leading cause of
MDG (Millinium development goal):MDG (Millinium development goal):
AgeAge DiseaseDisease FrequencyFrequency
1-5 years1-5 years DiarrhoeaDiarrhoea 3-4 times3-4 times
1-5 years1-5 years FeverFever 1-3 times1-3 times
1-5 years1-5 years A.R.IA.R.I 7-9 times7-9 times

27. Big concern in malnutritionBig concern in malnutrition

28. Fate of malnutrition:Fate of malnutrition:
Pre mature
child
Low blood
circulation
Decrease
immunity
Anemia
Inadequate
bone
health
Mentaly
retarded
Decrease
Brain
develope
Still-birth
Mal-
nutrition

29. Epidemiology of childEpidemiology of child
nutritionnutrition

30. Children's nutrition: 10 tips for pickyChildren's nutrition: 10 tips for picky
eaterseaters
 Respect your child's appetite — or lack ofRespect your child's appetite — or lack of
oneone
 Stick to the routineStick to the routine
 Be patient with new foodsBe patient with new foods
 Make it funMake it fun
 Recruit your child's helpRecruit your child's help
 Set a good exampleSet a good example
 Be creativeBe creative
 Minimize distractionsMinimize distractions
 Don't offer dessert as a rewardDon't offer dessert as a reward
 Don't be a short-order cookDon't be a short-order cook

31. Let your child get optimum nutritionLet your child get optimum nutrition
Baby shakeBaby shake
 Have sufficient vit(A-1250),Have sufficient vit(A-1250),
min(Ca-80mg), fiber & isolatedmin(Ca-80mg), fiber & isolated
soya-protein(43gm)soya-protein(43gm)
 Contain Optimum wheat & oatContain Optimum wheat & oat
bran,bran,
 Chocolate flavourChocolate flavour
 Developing child’s total growth,Developing child’s total growth,
strength, physical & mentalstrength, physical & mental
activity.activity.
 Omega-3 develop brain,sharpOmega-3 develop brain,sharp
I.Q , memory & vission.I.Q , memory & vission.
 Increase immunity.Increase immunity.
 Build-up imaging bodyBuild-up imaging body
structure & growth.structure & growth.
 Increase apetite.Increase apetite.
 Maintain digetion & circulationMaintain digetion & circulation
cystem.cystem.
 Give extra energy.Give extra energy.

32. So; let yourSo; let your
childchild
be healthybe healthy