The document discusses nutritional requirements for infants from birth to one year. It outlines that infants need adequate energy, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals for growth and development. Breastfeeding is recommended as it provides antibodies and optimal nutrition. Weaning should begin around 6 months by gradually introducing semi-solid complementary foods along with breastmilk. Recommended weaning foods are easy to digest, nutritious, and follow BIS standards for composition.

1. Nutritional Requirement
for Infant
Presented By:
Ankita Chaudhari

2. Highlights
• Infant
• Growth & Development
• Nutritional Requirement
• Recommended Dietary Allowances
• Breast Feeding
• Weaning & Weaning Food

3. Infant
• The term “infant” is typically applied to young
children between one month and one year of
age.
• In medical context, newborn refers to an infant
in the first 28 days after birth.

4. Growth & Development
• Average total body length of newborn are 35.6-
50.8 cm, and increases by another 23-25 cm
during first year.
• Birth weight is in the range of 2.7-4.6 kg which
doubles in six months and triple the birth
weight in one year.

5. Nutritional Requirement
• Energy
• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Lipids
• Vitamin A
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin E
• Vitamin K
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin B complex
• Calcium
• Iron
• Zinc
• Sodium
• Magnesium
• Phosphorus
• Water
50% basal
metabolism
25% growth
25% activity
Energy Supply,
Protein & fats
utilization ,
Building blocks
Build, maintain &
repair; Synthesis
of enzymes,
hormones &
antibodies
Energy source;
Absorption of fat
soluble vitamins
Proper vision;
Healthy immunity &
reproductive
system; Growth &
development
Bone formation;
Utilization of Ca &
P
Prevents tissue
breakdown;
Protects Vitamin A
& EFA
Proper blood
clotting
Improves
immunity;
Absortion of Fe;
Forms collagen
Proper growth &
development; Aids
metabolism &
functioning of CNS
Nerves, muscles,
bones & teeth
development;
Blood clotting
Formation &
growth of blood
cells
Formation of
blood, proteins;
Development of
tissues & taste
perception
Maintains water
balance & blood
volume
Temperature
regulation;
transport medium;
Metabolic aid

6. R
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m
m
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d
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Nutrients Age (months)
0-6 7-12
Energy (kcal/kg/day) 92 80
Carbohydrates
(g/day)
60 95
Proteins (g/kg) 1.16 1.69
Visible Fats (g/day) ----- 19
Vitamin A
Retinol (µg/day) 350 350
Beta Carotene
(µg/day)
2800 2800
Vitamin D (µg/day) 5 5
Vitamin E (mg/day) 4 5
Vitamin K (µg/day) 2 2.5

7. R
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m
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A
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Nutrients Age (months)
0-6 7-12
Riboflavin (mg/day) 0.3 0.4
Niacin (µg/kg) 710 650
Pyridoxine (mg) 0.1 0.4
Folic Acid (µg/day) 25 25
Cyanocobalamin
(µg/day)
0.2 0.2
Calcium (mg/day) 300 300
Iron (mg/day) 0.27 11
Zinc (mg/day) 2 3
Magnesium (mg/day) 30 45
Phosphorus (mg/day) 750 750

8. Breastfeeding
• Colostrum Milk
• Transition Milk
• Fore Milk
• Hind Milk
• 2-3 days after
delivery
• Rich in proteins,
ARA, DHA, zinc,
vitamin A & K
• Contains antibodies
and enzymes
• Next 2 weeks
• Fat and sugar
content increases
• Start of a feed
• High in lactose,
proteins, vitamins,
minerals and water
• Later in a feed
• Rich in fats
• High calories
• Colostrum
Milk
•Hind Milk
Nutrient Amount
Energy kcal 58
Fat g 2.9
Calcium mg 31
Phosphorus mg 14
Iron mg 0.09
Proteins g 2.7
Lactose g 5.3
Carotene I.U. 186
Retinol I.U. 296
Nutrient Amount
Water g 88
Energy kcal 65
Fat g 3.4
Calcium mg 28
Phosphorus mg 11
Carbohydrates
g
7.4
Proteins g 1.1
Thiamin mg 0.02
Carotene I.U. 1120
Riboflavin mg 0.02

9. Weaning
• Weaning is the process of gradually
introducing a infant to adult diet and
withdrawing the supply of its mother's milk.
Weaning
Food
• The semisolid foods given to the infants at the
weaning stage are generally called as weaning
foods.

10. Weaning Foods
Characteristics
• Rich in calories , vitamins, proteins and
minerals
• Easy to chew and swallow
• Low dietary bulk
• Precooked and predigested
• Free from antinutritional factors
• Low in indigestible fiber
• No artificial colors & flavors
• Follow BIS standards:
Particulars Percentage on dry wt.
Proteins 20
Fat 10
Moisture 5-10
Total ash 5

11. MaltedWeaningFood
Barl
ey
Steeping
(16 h)
Germination
(48 h)
Drying
(50°C)
Derooti
ng
Rootlets
Green Malt
Kilning (60°C,
30min)
Malt
Chickp
ea
Steeping
(16 h)
Germination
(24 h)
Drying
(50°C)
Dehusking &
Splitting
Rootlets &
Seed coat
Malt splits
Kilning (60°C,
30min)
Pulverizati
on

12. Other Weaning Foods
• Chapati/Roti Based
• Vermicelli Based
• Rice Flakes Based
• Popped Cereals Based
• Sattu
• Banana Based

13. Any
Queries??
?