This document discusses the classification of living things into five kingdoms, with a focus on the animal kingdom. It describes that the animal kingdom is divided into invertebrates without backbones and vertebrates with backbones. Invertebrates include sponges, cnidarians, molluscs, annelids, arthropods, and echinoderms. Vertebrates have an internal skeleton, digestive system, and other characteristics. Examples of invertebrate phyla described in more detail include sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, nematodes, annelids, molluscs, arthropods, and echinoderms.

1. LIVING THINGS CLASSIFICATION
FIVE KINGDOMS

2. ANIMAL KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION

3. ANIMAL KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION
INVERTEBRATES: without an internal bony skeleton
•Sponges
•Cnidarians.
•Molluscs.
•Annelids.
•Arthropods.
•Echinoderms.

4. ANIMAL KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION
VERTEBRATES: with an internal bony skeleton
They belong to phylum chordata
ASCIDIAS: Chordates but not vertebrates

5. ANIMAL KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION
Vertebrates characteristics:
•Skeleton with spinal column.
•Digestive system.
•Excretory system.
•Sexual reproduction.
•Nervous system with brain and spinal chord.

6. SPONGES
SPONGES characteristics:
•They live attached to the
ground.
•Their body is covered with
pores.
•They feed filtering water. Water
goesout throught osculum.

7. CNIDARIANS
Characteristics:
•Digestive cavity with a
single opening (mouth-
anus).
•Tentacles to catch preys.
Gastrovascular
cavity
Mouth-anus
Tentacles

8. CNIDARIANS
Reproduction:
Sometimes they reproduce asexually
BUDDING

9. CNIDARIANS
Reproduction:
Some species have alternating reproduction:
alternate a sexual phase with an asexual phase.

10. FLAT WORMS
Characteristics
•Bodies are FLAT
•Head with sensory organs.
•Some of them are saprophytes
but others are parasites.

11. NEMATODES
Characteristics
•Bodies are CILINDRICAL
•Head with sensory organs.
•Some of them are saprophytes
but others are parasites.

12. ANNELIDS
Characteristics
•Bodies are long and cylindrical.
•Bodies divided in segments
(metameres).
•They breath through the skin.
(cutaneous respiration).
•Some of them have distinct sexes
but other are hermaphrodites
(sexual reproduction)
Leeches
Earthworms

13. ANNELIDS

14. MOLLUSCS
Characteristics
•External layer called mantle. Inside they have the visceral
mass with organs.
•Internal or external shell.
•Muscular foot.
•Radula: a tonge with teeth for biting and chewing.

15. MOLLUSCS
Types
● Gastropods.
● Cepahalopods.
● Bivalves.

16. ARTHROPODS
Characteristics
● Exoskeleton.
● Jointed limbs.

17. ARTHROPODS
Characteristics
● Body divided in head,
thorax and abdomen.
● Head with well
developed sensory
organs.
● Head appendices
adapted to different
types of feeding.
HEAD THORAX ABDOMEN

18. ARTHROPODS
Characteristics
● To grow they have to undergo a process of moult or
shedding.
● They breath by a tracheal system.

19. ARTHROPODS
TYPES: Myriapods
● Head and long body divided in segments.
CENTIPEDE
HEAD with sensory
organs
Segmented body with
jointed limbs
MILLIPEDE

20. ARTHROPODS
TYPES: ARCHNIDS
● Cephalothorax and abdomen.
CHELICERAE TO
FEED
4 pairs of legs.

21. ARTHROPODS
TYPES: INSECTS
● Head, thorax and abdomen.
HEAD THORAX ABDOMEN
3 pairs of legs

22. ECHINODERMS
CHARACTERISTICS
● PENTARADIAL SYMMETRY.
● .AMBULACRAL SYSTEM:
○ Locomotion.
○ Food and waste transportation(circulatory
system.
○ Respiration.

23. ECHINODERMS
CHARACTERISTICS
● .AMBULACRAL SYSTEM:
○ Locomotion.
○ Food and waste transportation(circulatory
system.
○ Respiration.

24. ECHINODERMS
CHARACTERISTICS
● INTERNAL SKELETON OF SPICULES MADE OF
MINERALS

25. ECHINODERMS
TYPES
● .ECHINOIDS.
● ASTEROIDS.
● HOLOTHURIANS.