The document discusses heat pumps, including an overview of heat pump technologies used in Europe. It describes how heat pumps work by transferring heat energy and having a higher coefficient of performance than electric resistance heating. The document also discusses factors to consider for heat pump installation such as indoor air handling, refrigerant charge, outdoor unit placement, and controls. Maintenance recommendations include cleaning filters, coils, fans and inspecting ductwork. A case study examines using a heat pump versus a diesel boiler and air conditioner for a 550 square meter residential building.

1. Heat pump W. Hulshorst Nov. 2008 Business Connecting and Development

4. Bicycle pump Business Connecting and Development P x V / T = C Heat

5. Airco heat transfer Business Connecting and Development Hot air Cold air

7. Heating and cooling mode Business Connecting and Development Air heat pumps are ideal for mild climates

8. Other types of heat pump Business Connecting and Development Ground heat pump In this solution the heat pump uses a pipe-loop buried about a metre below ground.

9. Other types of heat pump Business Connecting and Development Water heat pumps A water heat pump is a variant of the ground heat pump. The only difference is that it uses a hose on the lake floor (or other water source) instead of a pipe buried below ground.

10. Other types of heat pump Business Connecting and Development Rock heat humps A rock heat pump is another variant of ground heat pumps, and a very common one. The system uses the solar energy stored in the rock shelf and the loop is lowered into a 100–150 metres bore hole in the rock .

11. Choice of technology Business Connecting and Development Heating 15 – 40 kW Lake water Northern + Central Europe Heating + cooling 5 – 40 kW Ground rock Northern + Central Europe Heating 5 – 25 kW Ground soil Southern Europe Heating + cooling 3 – 5 kW Air- Air Dominant region Application Common capacity range Type of heat pump

12. Efficiency Coefficient of performance (COP): COP = Output/Input = 3 to 5 Heat pump 3 – 5 kWh of heat 2 – 4 kWh of air heat 1 kWh electricity

15. installation Business Connecting and Development In general, correct heat pump installation can be achieved by addressing four critical areas: 1. the indoor air handler, especially the airflow over the fan-coil unit and through the forced air duct system; 2. the refrigerant system, especially the refrigerant charge; 3. the outdoor unit, especially its air supply; and 4. the control system, especially the thermostat that turns the equipment on and off.

18. Thanks for your attention Walter Hulshorst Econ International B.V. PO box 5035 6802 EA Arnhem The Netherlands T: + 31 (0)61 047 45 77 F: + 31 (0)26 381 64 82 E: walter @ econ-international.nl W: www.econ-international.nl Business Connecting and Development