The document discusses HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems. It describes common components of HVAC systems like thermostats, furnaces, air filters, heat exchangers, evaporator coils, condensing units, ductwork, and vents. It explains how these components work together to heat, cool, filter, and circulate air to maintain appropriate temperature and humidity levels. The document also discusses air handling units, which condition and circulate air, and their key components like filters, fans, and sensors. Finally, it briefly mentions the importance of HVAC system commissioning to ensure proper installation, documentation, training, and ongoing performance monitoring.

1. HVAC – Heating, Ventilation, Air-conditioning
Presented By:
S.R. Nitol - 1420009046
Bishwajit Dhar Gupta - 1320692046
Rokibul Islam Hridoy - 1411575046
Stanley Lawrence Palma - 1410022046
Mohiuddin Himel - 1320694646
Istiak Mahmud Suruj - 1320081046

2. HVAC
HVAC – Heating, Ventilation, Air-conditioning
Temperature
Humidity
Pressure
Ventilation
68°F (20°C) and 75°F (25°C)
30% relative humidity (RH) and 60% RH
A slightly positive pressure to reduce
outside air infiltration.
Rooms typically have several
complete air changes per hour

3. Where ?
 HVAC system is required in
Pharmaceutical companies
Certain Laboratories
Electronic Industries etc.
Hospitals
Universities

4. Basic HVAC Equipment
• Thermostat
• Furnace / Heating unit
• Air Filters
• Heat exchanger
• Refrigerant lines
• Condensing units
• Evaporator (cooling coil)
• Ductwork
• Air Distribution System

5. Thermostat
 The thermostat is usually the most visible part of HVAC
system.
 Set on a prominent, easily accessible wall, it may be either
programmed in advance or set manually to keep the home at a
desired temperature.
 When the ambient temperature becomes too cold or too hot,
the thermostat will trigger the heat exchanger.

6. Furnace/Heating Unit
 The furnace is the key component of
your HVAC system.
 It's also the largest, requiring
substantial space.
 It’s function is to heat a supply of air
which is to be distributed to various
rooms of your home via the HVAC.
 This heating process is accomplished
of four possible heat sources-
(burning natural gas, oil, coal, or
propane, electric resistance, heat
pump)

7. Air Filters

8. Filter classes
Dust filters
Standard Aerosol
FineCoarse ULPAHEPA
10 µ m > Dp > 1 µ mDp > 10 µ m Dp < 1 µ m

9. Heat Exchanger
 The heat exchanger
pulls in cool air, heats
it, and circulates the
resulting heated air
via ducts and out
through the vents.

10. Evaporator coil
 The evaporator coil has an
opposite role to the heat
exchanger
 It acts to cool the air when your
thermostat is set to lower
temperatures in summer.
 Located in a metal enclosure on
the furnace's exterior, to the top
or side.

11. Condensing unit
 The condensing unit is
connected to the evaporator
coil.
 This unit is installed by
HVAC contractors on the
outside of home and filled
with refrigerant gas.

12. Refrigerant lines
 The refrigerant lines
carry a refrigerant
substance to the
condensing unit
vaporized in the form
of a gas, and return it
to the evaporator coil
in liquid form.

13. Ductwork
 Ductwork refers to the
system of ducts that
transports air warmed or
cooled by the system to the
various areas of your home.
 Ducts are commonly made of
lightweight aluminum.
However, they may also be
manufactured from steel,
flexible plastic, polyurethane,
fiberglass, or fabric.

14. Vents
 The vents are the rectangular
outlets which transfer the
heated or cooled air from the
duct system into the
individual rooms of home.
 Made of high- and low-
temperature safe metal, the
vents are located on or near
the ceiling and are usually
fronted with angled slats
("vents").

15. Air Handling Unit
 AHU is a device used to condition and
circulate air as part of a heating ventilating
and air-conditioning (HVAC) system.

16. AHU – Air Handling Unit
16
Where does air come from and go to?

17. AHU – Air Handling Unit Components
 1. Dehumidifiers/ Heater
 2. Filters
 3. Ducting (for delivery of controlled air)
 4. Supply fans
 5. Smoke detectors
 6 Damper
 7. Humidity/Temp./ Pressure sensors

18. Components of AHU

19. Humidification
19
Why before the cooling coil?

20. Mechanical Dehumidification
Return air is mixed with ventilation air
Cold coil condenses moisture
Heat is added back (electric or gas) so that room air is not
over cooled- Reheat
Filter

21. HVAC Instrumentation and Control

22. HVAC System Commissioning
The key elements of commissioning include:
Installation checks. Check installed equipment to ensure that all associated
components and accessories are in place.
Operational checks. Verify and document that systems are performing as
expected, and that all sensors and other system control devices are properly
calibrated.
Documentation. Confirm that all required documentation has been provided, such
as a statement of the design intent and operating protocols for all building systems.
O&M manuals and training. Prepare comprehensive operation and
maintenance (O&M) manuals, and provide training for rig operations staff.
Ongoing monitoring. Conduct periodic monitoring after the school is occupied to
ensure that equipment and systems continue to perform according to design intent.
improve the delivery process, increase systems reliability, improve energy
performance, ensure good indoor environmental quality, and improve operation
and maintenance of the facility.
Correctly implemented, commissioning is extremely cost-effective, and should

23. References
• https://sustainabilityworkshop.autodesk.com/buildings/hvac-
equipment
• https://www.networx.com/article/know-your-hvac-system-
components-and-how
• Samual C.Sugarman’s HVAC FUNDAMENTALS(SECOND EDITION)

24. Thank You