Introduction to clinical pharmacy

CLINICAL PHARMACY
DR. RAMESH BHANDARI
ASST. PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE
KLE COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, BELAGAVI
1DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, KLE COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, BELAGAVI

CONTENTS
Definition
Clinical pharmacy: Development in India
Scope of Clinical Pharmacy

DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, KLE COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, BELAGAVI 3
Pharmacist
Weigh and
measures
Medicines
Compound
the medicines
Dispense
medicines
Business man

Definition of Clinical Pharmacy
Clinical pharmacy is defined as that area of pharmacy
concerned with the science and practice of rational
medication use. (ACCP short definition)

Definition of Clinical Pharmacy
Clinical pharmacy is a health science discipline in which
pharmacists provide patient care that optimizes medication
therapy and promotes health, wellness, and disease
prevention. (ACCP detailed definition)

Clinical Pharmacy in India
India’s first degree in pharmacy at Banaras Hindu
University established under the able leadership of
professor Mahadeva Lal Schroff.
A statutory body established to control the standards
of the pharmacy profession known as PCI.
In 1948 - Pharmacy Act was drafted under the aegis
of Pharmacy council of India (PCI).

First education regulation in 1953, Diploma in
pharmacy became the minimum qualification
required to practise pharmacy in India
irrespective of setup.
The education regulations were subsequently
revised in 1972, 1981 and 1991.

Traditional pharmacist’s education and
practice was oriented towards the
Pharmaceutical Industry.
Hence, most graduates employed in the area of
production, formulation, quality control and
marketing.

During the 1980s and 1990s, the consequences
of drug misuse, such as poor health outcomes
from drug treatment, antibiotic resistance,
adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and economic
loss to patients and the wider health care system
are acknowledged by both pharmacy and
medical profession.

Having recognized the need for pharmacists to
assume new responsibilities in health care
remained a problem.
Existing knowledge and skills in
pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry,
pharmacology and industrial pharmacy.

 Different set of knowledge required by
pharmacist wishing to contribute to patient care.
Those includes pathophysiology, applied
therapeutics, clinical pharmacokinetics and
practice skills such as patient counselling, drug
information and drug therapy review.

In 1991 revised education regulations –
addition of subjects of hospital and clinical
pharmacy, community pharmacy and health
education, and drug store and business
management in the diploma of pharmacy
curriculum.

 Lack of teaching personnel hindered the
development of clinical pharmacy.
Later with the support from overseas academic
leaders of the profession started first master in
pharmacy practice program at JSS College of
Pharmacy, Mysore and ooty in 1997.

In 1998, Sri Ramakrishna Institute of
Paramedical Sciences, Coimbatore and its
attached hospital initiated clinical pharmacy.
In 1999, KLE College of Pharmacy, Belgaum
began clinical pharmacy practice and education
program using the KLEs Hospital as a teaching
base.

In 2001, similar program were established by
Manipal university through manipal college of
Pharmaceutical sciences; Al-Ameen college of
pharmacy, Bangalore and then by Annamalai
university of Tamil Nadu.

Later in kerala, Government college of
pharmacy, Trivandrum then National Institute of
Pharmaceutical Education and Research
(NIPER), Punjab also started Pharmacy Practice.

 As of 2011, 23 institutions are offering
postgraduate program in pharmacy practice.
In 2008 – commencement of doctor of
Pharmacy program in many institutions and
Pharm. D Post baccalaureate in some colleges.

18
Scope of Clinical
Pharmacy
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, KLE COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, BELAGAVI

Scope of Clinical Pharmacy
Professional Services:
Drug information services
Clinical pharmacy inputs on ward rounds
Information about new drugs
Patient counselling and advice on individual
patient management.

Detection and management of ADRs
Choice of antibiotics
Dose adjustment in renal/hepatic impairment
Dose adjustment to special population
Finding possible drug interactions

Preparation of treatment guidelines or
protocols,
Education of nurses about preparation and
administration of parenteral drugs
Intervention to reduce medication errors
Support for clinical research activities

At community pharmacy level:
Used to counsel the patients about their
medications
Identify drug interactions and other drug
related problems

SUMMARY
 Still, pharmacy profession in India is in
transition from industry to clinical oriented.

REFERENCE
G. Parthasarathi, Karin Nyfort Hansen, Milap
C Nahata. A textbook of clinical pharmacy
practice Essential concepts and skills.
Universities Press. 2nd edition.

Introduction to clinical pharmacy

Introduction to clinical pharmacy

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