The Internet Of Things
Embedded System From Scratch

Mahmoud S. Khalifa
Topics
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Definitions and Terminologies
Internet of things in our life
Main Building Block of iOT
Recommendations and how to start ?
Definitions and Terminologies
Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (or IoT for short) refers
to uniquely identifiable objects and their virtual
representations in an Internet-like structure
Ubiquitous Computing

"Ubiquitous computing names the third wave in
computing, just now beginning.
First were mainframes, then the personal computing
era, person and machine staring uneasily at each other
across the desktop.
Now comes ubiquitous computing, or the age of calm
technology, when technology recedes into the
background of our lives." --Mark Weiser- 1988.
Ubiquitous Computing
 Ubiquitous computing is roughly the opposite of
virtual reality.
 Where virtual reality puts people inside a computergenerated world, ubiquitous computing forces the
computer to live out here in the world with people.
 The initial incarnation of ubiquitous computing was in
the form of "tabs", "pads", and "boards" built at
Xerox PARC, 1988-1994.
Semantic Web
 Web 1.0
 Web 2.0
 Web 3.0 ( Semantic Web)
The Internet of Things in Our
Life
http://youtu.be/LVlT4sX6uVs
The Internet of Things
in Our Life
The Internet of Things
in Our Life
Main Building Block for IOT
Basic Embedded System

Sensor

A-D

Processor

Memory

D-A

Actuator
Embedded System Definition

Embedded System is specifically
designed for a particular function and to
perform a few tasks in the most efficient
way.
Embedded System Definition

Historically, the term embedded systems was
used to describe any non-PC-related system, but
in time, the definition has grown to include any
system that is dedicated to a particular
functionality.
Embedded System Definition

Simply Embedded systems is invisible
computer
Embedded System Examples
Product: NASA's Mars Sojourner Rover 1996,low cost
spacecraft .
Microprocessor:8-bit Intel 80C85.
Embedded System Examples
Embedded System Examples

http://youtu.be/8Vg9OHSGPeU
Embedded System Examples

Electronic
Injections
Check Control
Speed Control
Central Locking
…

1970

Electronic Gear Control
Electronic Air Condition
ASC Anti Slip Control
ABS
Telephone
Seat Heating Control
Autom. Mirror Dimming
…

1980

Navigation System
CD-Changer
Airbags
DSC Dynamic Stability
Control
Adaptive Gear Control
Xenon Light
BMW Assist
Speech Recognition
Emergency Call…

1990

Internet Portal
GPRS, UMTS
Telematics
Online Services
BlueTooth
Car Office
Local Hazard Warning
Integrated Safety System
Steer/Brake-By-Wire
I-Drive
Lane Keeping Assist.
Personalization
Software Update

2000

source: BMW

Level of dependency

Automotive
Embedded System Examples
Automotive
Embedded System Examples
Consumer Electronics

Product: Sonicare Plus toothbrush.
Microprocessor: 8-bit Zilog Z8.
Embedded System Examples
Consumer Electronics
Embedded System Examples
Consumer Electronics
Embedded System Examples
Consumer Electronics
Embedded System Examples
Home Automation

Our daily lives depend on
embedded systems
Embedded System Market

 The hardware segment
consists of :
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Processor IP,
MPU/MCU,
DSP, ASIC, FPGA,
and embedded boards.

 The software segment
consists of:
 Operating Systems,
 Software development
and testing tools,
 Middleware,
 and Linux-based
operating systems and
tools
Embedded System Market

Embedded software
generated $2.2 billion in
2008,this should increase to
$2.9 billion in 2013
Embedded System Market in Egypt

Governmental organizations National companies
 EL SWEDY
 ITI
 IPNeo
 NARSS
 PiTechnologies
 Silmind
 Sivision
 Soft MEMS

International companies
 IBM
 Intel Mobile
Communications “IMC”
 Mentor Graphics
 New Port Media
 Valeo
The Big picture
Essential Components
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Microprocessor
Sensors
Converters (A-D and D-A)
Actuators
Memory (On-chip and Off chip)
Communication path with the interacting
environment
Embedded System Design
 Modeling via any modeling language (System C or
even Matlab)
 HW/SW partitioning (Determine which blocks must be H/W &
which may be S/W)

 Global Design of the S/W part
 Unit Design of the S/W part
Embedded System Design
Challenges
For a certain application
 Which functional blocks should be performed in
Hardware?
 Which functional blocks should be performed in
software?
 How do we meet our deadline ?
 Faster Hardware or Cleverer Software ?
Embedded System Design
Challenges
 How do we minimize power ?
-Turn off unnecessary logic
-Reduce memory accesses
-Use sleep modes in unused controllers
Embedded System Design
Software characteristics
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Cheaper
Highly configurable
Easier in versions updates
Shorter development cycle
Must be logically and temporally correct
Constrained with processor speed which may satisfy
real time application and may not.
Embedded System Hardware

Arm Based Embedded Device
Recommendations and how to
start ?
Where are You
Now ?
PiTechnologies

39
Lets Start ….
Lets Start ….
41

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:What is Embedded system

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Software engineering

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Real Time Design and RTOS

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Efficient C programming using ARM

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Software Engineering

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Embedded C

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Embedded Linux

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Device Drivers

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Multicore programming
Lets Start ….

Available tools to start
Skyeye
GNU ARM
Open Cores
OUR Hardware LAB Will open soon

 Will be open starting from Dec. 2013
 You can test your code for free
Questions?
Mahmoud S.Khalifa
msmahmoud@PiTechnologies.net

+201116252536
Web: www.PiTechnologies.net
Facebook Page : PiTechnologies. Page

Internet Of Things