World War 2 involved extensive spying and intelligence gathering efforts. The US established the Coordinator of Information in 1941 to collect and analyze national security data, but the FBI was reluctant to share information. After the Pearl Harbor attacks, it was clear that intelligence coordination needed improvement. The Office of Strategic Services was formed in 1942 to conduct clandestine operations like training foreign troops and sending operatives behind enemy lines. Notable OSS agent Moe Berg was a Major League Baseball player who used his language skills and undercover abilities on missions in Yugoslavia, Norway, and Italy. The military also had their own intelligence operations such as code breaking and interrogating prisoners of war. After the war, the OSS was dissolved and re
"Small Arms and Light Weapons". Task Forces on Strengthening Multilateral Sec...Daniel Dufourt
International Peace Institute
Task Forces on Strengthening Multilateral Security Capacity
"Small Arms and Light Weapons"
IPI Blue Papers, n°5, 2009, 68 pages
"Small Arms and Light Weapons". Task Forces on Strengthening Multilateral Sec...Daniel Dufourt
International Peace Institute
Task Forces on Strengthening Multilateral Security Capacity
"Small Arms and Light Weapons"
IPI Blue Papers, n°5, 2009, 68 pages
Definition, Types, Goal, Tactics, Financing of Terrorism, Global Terrorism Index (GTI), Terrorism in India, Agencies dealing with terrorism in India, How to stop Terrorism?
presentation report on WAR AND TERRORISM. and yes for better viewing experience, please download the file so that you can get all the info because the slides are animated.
Role of CIA in Changing Strategic Operations of CIAmyeasyway
In American Renewal by, Steven Hook, “the first requirement of intelligence is timely delivery of relevant information to decision makers. To accomplish this mission decision makers must understand how intelligence works, take responsibility for investing in it, and share their strategies and tactics, specifies what they need and when. For its part to assist in going advantages over adversaries, intelligence has to focus on delivering enough information for the decision, not necessarily comprehensive knowledge”. The prime task assigned to CIA was to preserve the American interest and keep a sharp eye on its rivals. During cold war the greatest threat to American interest was from USSR and pro-communist states in the world. CIA carried out its clandestine services using different strategies. Assuming a power of influence in making policies according to its will, its role changed gradually from the traditional espionage activities. The conundrum of its covert operations at some time thought harmful for the state. Its transformation into a paramilitary force likely after 9/11 was also a matter of great concern. Using the advanced and bold technology CIA can operate in every state of the world. Everything beyond limitations is just devastating.
The unveiled stories about CIA during the cold war era and after 9/11 gave a clue about the influential role in shaping foreign policy. Mostly during the Democrats regime the influence of CIA and Pentagon have less influence in policy making than that of the republican regime. Along with traditional espionage CIA also operated covert actions from the beginning. From regime change to targeted manhunt and military operations CIA became quite controversial at every level. Some previous CIA officials say its function is to violate the laws of other states to gain intelligence. It shows that CIA has no moral grounds and gave no worth to any law. It even violates its own domestic law about torturing the suspected criminals. Its influence in domestic politics and FP in a democratic superpower is unjustified. The infiltration and intrusion within other states may escalate and prolong the crisis. The role of CIA in fighting war on terror and establishing peace at global level is considerable. The exploit of the policy makers by manipulating information also a concerning issue.
In Pakistan the infiltration of CIA operatives had been increased to a considerable level. It may also influence the domestic issues of Pakistan through different means. The infusion of these operatives should be refined and under the counter surveillance of Pakistani spy agency. CIA will remain quite active in Pakistan due to its geographic position and changing interest of great powers as Obama’s pivot to Asia policy. China’s surveillance also a factor for CIA to remain active in Pakistan as it may pose a threat to the American might in near future.
Definition, Types, Goal, Tactics, Financing of Terrorism, Global Terrorism Index (GTI), Terrorism in India, Agencies dealing with terrorism in India, How to stop Terrorism?
presentation report on WAR AND TERRORISM. and yes for better viewing experience, please download the file so that you can get all the info because the slides are animated.
Role of CIA in Changing Strategic Operations of CIAmyeasyway
In American Renewal by, Steven Hook, “the first requirement of intelligence is timely delivery of relevant information to decision makers. To accomplish this mission decision makers must understand how intelligence works, take responsibility for investing in it, and share their strategies and tactics, specifies what they need and when. For its part to assist in going advantages over adversaries, intelligence has to focus on delivering enough information for the decision, not necessarily comprehensive knowledge”. The prime task assigned to CIA was to preserve the American interest and keep a sharp eye on its rivals. During cold war the greatest threat to American interest was from USSR and pro-communist states in the world. CIA carried out its clandestine services using different strategies. Assuming a power of influence in making policies according to its will, its role changed gradually from the traditional espionage activities. The conundrum of its covert operations at some time thought harmful for the state. Its transformation into a paramilitary force likely after 9/11 was also a matter of great concern. Using the advanced and bold technology CIA can operate in every state of the world. Everything beyond limitations is just devastating.
The unveiled stories about CIA during the cold war era and after 9/11 gave a clue about the influential role in shaping foreign policy. Mostly during the Democrats regime the influence of CIA and Pentagon have less influence in policy making than that of the republican regime. Along with traditional espionage CIA also operated covert actions from the beginning. From regime change to targeted manhunt and military operations CIA became quite controversial at every level. Some previous CIA officials say its function is to violate the laws of other states to gain intelligence. It shows that CIA has no moral grounds and gave no worth to any law. It even violates its own domestic law about torturing the suspected criminals. Its influence in domestic politics and FP in a democratic superpower is unjustified. The infiltration and intrusion within other states may escalate and prolong the crisis. The role of CIA in fighting war on terror and establishing peace at global level is considerable. The exploit of the policy makers by manipulating information also a concerning issue.
In Pakistan the infiltration of CIA operatives had been increased to a considerable level. It may also influence the domestic issues of Pakistan through different means. The infusion of these operatives should be refined and under the counter surveillance of Pakistani spy agency. CIA will remain quite active in Pakistan due to its geographic position and changing interest of great powers as Obama’s pivot to Asia policy. China’s surveillance also a factor for CIA to remain active in Pakistan as it may pose a threat to the American might in near future.
Presentation about nice functional programming things you can do with python. and some simple techniques you can use to do a good and functional design
Given what a beautiful and mature functional programming language R is, there is a surprising, though understandable, lack of visibility of functional programming techniques in R. This is a talk given to the Mumbai R meetup group in October/November, 2014, meant to introduce the audience to Functional Programming in R.
Future Of Fintech In India | Evolution Of Fintech In IndiaTheUnitedIndian
Navigating the Future of Fintech in India: Insights into how AI, blockchain, and digital payments are driving unprecedented growth in India's fintech industry, redefining financial services and accessibility.
Welcome to the new Mizzima Weekly !
Mizzima Media Group is pleased to announce the relaunch of Mizzima Weekly. Mizzima is dedicated to helping our readers and viewers keep up to date on the latest developments in Myanmar and related to Myanmar by offering analysis and insight into the subjects that matter. Our websites and our social media channels provide readers and viewers with up-to-the-minute and up-to-date news, which we don’t necessarily need to replicate in our Mizzima Weekly magazine. But where we see a gap is in providing more analysis, insight and in-depth coverage of Myanmar, that is of particular interest to a range of readers.
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
ys jagan mohan reddy political career, Biography.pdfVoterMood
Yeduguri Sandinti Jagan Mohan Reddy, often referred to as Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, is an Indian politician who currently serves as the Chief Minister of the state of Andhra Pradesh. He was born on December 21, 1972, in Pulivendula, Andhra Pradesh, to Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (popularly known as YSR), a former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, and Y.S. Vijayamma.
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
27052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
2. Spying/Espionage
• gov’t/individuals obtaining secrets
without permission of the holder
-intelligence gathering
-counterintelligence (false info)
-sabotage/subterfuge
-code breaking
-moles/defectors
• US law – separate crimes
-treason (war v. US) (death)
-espionage (gathering info)
-spying (watching)
3. Coordinator of Information (COI)
• (July ‘41) collect/analyze data on national
security
• Hoover/FBI balk at sharing info
• findings after Pearl Harbor
-poor intelligence coordination
-misunderstood/underestimated Japan
-leads to formation of OSS
William Donovan
4. Office of Strategic Services
• (June ’42) – FDR Presidential Order
-trained Guomindang, Mao’s Red
Army, Vietminh
-data for Joint Chiefs
-operatives trained for Germany
• power for clandestine ops
• analysts & operatives used together
-CIA (‘47) model
• Army/Navy/FBI kept own intelligence
• Truman keeps but splits OSS after war
5. Moe Berg (OSS agent)
• MLB catcher – Red Sox
-graduate of Princeton & Columbia Law
-fluent in German, Italian, French, Spanish,
Japanese, Hebrew, Greek, Russian & Latin
-code name “Remus”
• parachuted into Yugoslavia
-to evaluate resistance (2 groups)
• dropped into German occupied Norway
-info used to destroy plant building nuclear weapons
• posed as Swiss student at Nazi Conference
-to determine if German scientist should be killed
-said he was not a threat
• posed as German officer in Italy to gather info on munitions plant
• parachuted behind German lines several other times
• refused Presidential Medal of Freedom after war
-(required his silence)
6. Military Operations
• kept own tactical analysts
-Army Counterintelligence Corps (false info)
-interrogation of POWs
• Code breakers
-Army broke Japanese code land & sea
-help Allies with ULTRA (Enigma machines)
-break German codes
• Nisei soldiers interrogated Japanese POWs
-parents likely interned
7. Navajo Code Talkers
• encoding/decoding English message
-used Navajo language
-essential at Iwo Jima
• Korea & Vietnam
-continued to use Navajo codes
8. Nazi Saboteurs
• June ‘42 8 Nazi spies land
-Jacksonville, FL & Long Island, NY
• Hitler ordered attempt to disrupt industry
• Goal – bring violence to US soil
-blow up factories, instill fear & diminish
US resolve
-planned for 2 years ($175,000 cash)
• landed in Germany uniform
-considered POW not spy
• Arrested within 2 weeks
-no damage
-6 executed; 1 life; 1 - 30 yrs.
-latter 2 released after war
