The document provides a comprehensive overview of the equipment used for plane table surveying, including tools like the plane table, alidade, compass, spirit level, and others. It details the function and characteristics of each tool, emphasizing the importance of proper setup and usage for accurate surveying. The document also highlights the necessary accessories for drawing and maintaining the equipment in good condition.

1. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

2. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

3. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

4. General equipment used for conducting plane table survey are
01. Plane table
02. Alidade for sighting (telescopic or simple)
03. Plumb bob and plumb fork
04. Compass
05. Spirit level
06. Chain/ measurement tape
07. Ranging rods
08. Tripod
09. Drawing sheet and drawing tools
10. Paper clips or screws
Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

5. Plane table is of well-seasoned wood 450 to 750 mm size.
Table has a ball and socket arrangement to level and can be screwed on to a
tripod.
Drawing sheet can be fixed with pin or tape.
Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

6. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand
Plane table

7. Alidade of two types – Plane Alidade as shown.
Metallic rule with a fiducial edge for marking.
Two frames attached at ends.
Eye vane has a slit to sight objects.
The other vane, object vane with a fine hair or wire for bisecting objects.
Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

8. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

9. Plumbing fork is a U-shaped metal frame that has two different types of arms.
One is horizontal (upper hand) and the other is inclined at a certain
angle(lower hand).
The upper arm has a pointer at the end while the lower arm has a hook from
which plumb bob is suspended.
When the plumbing fork is kept on the table it has to pass through a particular
point (the pointer in the other hand).
The plumb bob helps in centring.
Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

10. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

11. Compass is of two types-
 Prismatic Compass
 Surveyor’s Compass
Both the compasses are used to navigate the surveying terrain. These are
strictly used to determine the bearing of the land that has been traversed.
Both prismatic and surveyor’s compass has following parts: -
i. Magnetic needle,
ii. Graduated circle,
iii. Vanes for line of sight
iv. A box to keep them in place
Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

12. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

13. A spirit level is required to ensure levelling the table surface.
The spirit level can be place in two perpendicular directions and levelled.
A circular level can also be used.
Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

14. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

15. Chains or tapes are used to measure distances on the field.
A chain is made up of connected steel segments, or links, which each
measure 20 cm.
Sometimes a special joint or a tally marker is attached every 5 meters.
Usually, a chain has a total length of 20 meters, including one handle at each
end.
Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

16. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

17. A ranging rod is an instrument extensively used for marking the position of
different surveying stations/pegs and for taking sights of those stations.
It is also used for ranging for straight lines.
Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

18. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

19. Tripod is also required for plain table survey.
It is in one of the important plane table survey instruments without it is
impossible to do plain table survey.
Tripod is used to fix the drawing board.
It consists of a screw at the bottom which is used to set and level the drawing
board on it comfortably.
Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

20. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

21. A good quality, seasoned drawing sheet should be used for plane table surveying.
The drawing sheet may be rolled when not in use, but should never is folded.
For important works fiber glass sheets or paper backed with thin aluminium sheets are
used.
Clips clamps, adhesive tapes may be used for fixing drawing sheet to the plane table.
Sharp hard pencil, good quality eraser, pencil cutter and sand paper to keep pencil point
sharp are other accessories required for the drawing work.
If necessary, plastic sheet should be carried to cover the drawing sheet from rain and
dust.
Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

22. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

23. fix the plane table to the tripod stand.
Arrange the drawing sheet on the plane table using paper clips or thumb
screws
Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

24. Plane Table Surveying Prepared by: Nisar Ahmed Khand

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