The document defines a computer as an electronic device that accepts data as input, processes it, and produces output according to stored instructions. It describes the basic components of a computer including input devices, output devices, the system unit, motherboard components like the CPU and memory, and storage devices like hard disks, floppy disks, and CDs. The document also discusses what makes computers powerful, how software is installed and run, types of software like operating systems and applications, and the roles of programmers and data representation and storage.

1. Discovering computers 2015
----A gateway to information
Introduction to
Computers
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2.  How is a computer defined?
What Is a Computer?
 Electronic device operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own memory
The computer
first, Accepts data such as raw facts,
figures, and symbol
then, Processes data into information
(Data that is organized, meaningful, and
useful )
finally, Produces and stores results
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3. Example
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4. information processing cycle
Input
Process
Output Storage
Communication
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5. Characteristics
 Single User / Multi User
 Single Tasking / Multi Tasking
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7. Pros & Cons
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8. The Components of a Computer
 What is an input device?
 Hardware used
to enter data
and instructions
_____
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9. The Components of a Computer
 What is an output device?
 Hardware that
conveys
information
to a user
______
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10. The Components of a Computer
 Any device that is both input and output???
 Touch screen LCD/LEDs
 Modem
 CD/DVD
 Headset
 Digital Camera
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11. The Components of a Computer
 What is the system unit?
 Box-like case
containing
electronic
components
used to process
data
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12. What is the magical inside the black box?
Memory
card
Sound
Card
Video
Card
Power
Supply
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13. The Components of a Computer
What are two main components on the motherboard?
 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Also called a processor
Carries out instructions
that tell computer what to do
 Memory
Temporary holding place for data
and instructions
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14. The Components of a Computer
 What is storage?
Storage media
Physical material on which data, instructions,
and information are stored
Storage device
Records and retrieves items to and from
a storage medium
 Holds data, instructions, and information
for future use
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15. Storage device
What is a floppy disk?
 Thin, circular,
flexible disk
enclosed in rigid
plastic shell
 A Zip® disk looks
similar but has
much greater
storage capability
(=170 floppy disk)
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16. The Components of a Computer
 What is a hard disk?
 Provides much
greater storage
capacity than a
floppy disk or
Zip® disk
 Housed inside the
system unit
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17. The Components of a Computer
 What is a compact disc?
 Flat, round, portable metal disc
 CD-ROM
 CD-RW
Capacity: 673~768 MB
 DVD-ROM
 DVD+RW
Capacity:4.7 ~ 17.1 GB
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18. The Components of a Computer
What is miniature storage
media?
Digital
cameras
Handheld
computers
Portable, thin
memory cards
used in:
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19. Why Is a Computer So Powerful?
 What makes computer powerful?
 Speed
 Reliability
 Accuracy
 Storage
 Communications
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20. Computer Software
 How do you install and run a software program?
Step 1.
Insert the program disc
into the CD-ROM
drive
Step 2. Install the
software program by
instruction in the disc,
then run the program
Step 3.
The program executes
 A program is a series of instructions that tells the
computer what to do
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21. Computer Software
 What was before GUI ????
 Allows you to interact with the software
using graphics and icons
 Controls how you enter data and how the
screen displays information
 What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?
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22. Command Line Interface
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23. Computer Software
 What is system software?
Operating System (OS)
is a set of programs
that coordinates all
activities among
computer hardware
devices and allows
users to run
application software
Utility Programs allow the user to
perform maintenance-type tasks
usually related to managing a
computer, its devices or its programs
 Programs that control the operations of the computer
and its devices
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24. Computer Software
 What is application software?
Presentation
Graphics
Spreadsheet
Database
Word
Processing
 Programs that perform specific tasks for users
 Suite
Popular software applications
bundled together as a single unit
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25. Computer Software
 What is a programmer?
 Someone who develops
application or system software
 Programmer writes instructions to
direct computer to process data
into information
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26. DATA Representation
 Digital (Discrete)
 Analog (Continuous)
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27. DATA Storage
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