The document summarizes the structure of bacteria. It describes the cytoplasmic membrane, which contains phospholipids and carries out functions like active transport, energy generation, and secretion. Inside the membrane is the cytoplasm, which contains ribosomes for protein synthesis, granules for nutrient storage, and the nucleoid region containing the single, circular DNA molecule with around 2000 genes. The structure of bacteria differs from eukaryotic cells in that bacteria do not have organelles like a nucleus, nucleolus, or mitotic apparatus in the nucleoid.

1. ALL ABOUT
MICRBIOLOGY

2. STRUCTURE OF
BACTERIA
BY SABA

3. CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE
• Cytoplasmic membrane inside the
peptidoglycan layer
• Composed of phospholipid
• Like eukaryotic cell layer but they
contain sterols
• Prokaryotes do not contain sterol
• Only Mycoplasma contain sterol

4. FUNCTIONS
• Active transport of molecules
• Energy generation by oxidative
phosphorylation
• Synthesis of precursors of cell wall
• Secretion of enzymes and toxins

5. CYTOPLASM

6. CYTOPLASM
• Two distinct areas
1. Amorphous material contain 
ribosomes, plasmids, metabolites
and nutrient granules
2. Inner region  nucleoid (DNA)

8. RIBOSOMES
• Site of protein synthesis
• 70S in size (50S and 30S subunit)
• Difference in bacterial and
eukaryotic ribosomes is the
Ribosomal RNAs and protein
• Give granular appearance in EM

9. • Ribosomes translate genetic code from
molecular language of nucleic acid to
that of amino acid

10. GRANULES
• Cytoplasm contain different type of
granules
• Storage are of nutrient
• Stained with specific dye

11. NUCLEOID
• Area in which DNA is located
• DNA is single and circular molecule
• Contain 2000 genes
• No nuclear membrane
• No nucleolus
• No mitotic apparatus
• No histones
• No introns

12. THANK YOU