This document discusses implementation of inheritance in Java and C#. It covers key inheritance concepts like simple, multilevel, and hierarchical inheritance. It provides examples of inheritance in Java using keywords like extends, super, this. Interfaces are discussed as a way to achieve multiple inheritance in Java. The document also discusses implementation of inheritance in C# using concepts like calling base class constructors and defining virtual methods.
This is the presentation file about inheritance in java. You can learn details about inheritance and method overriding in inheritance in java. I think it's can help your. Thank you.
Java abstract class & abstract methods,Abstract class in java
Abstract classes are classes that contain one or more abstract methods. An abstract method is a method that is declared, but contains no implementation. Abstract classes may not be instantiated, and require subclasses to provide implementations for the abstract methods.
oops concept in java | object oriented programming in javaCPD INDIA
object oriented programming is a key concept for the development of application in windows as well as web based application environment. oops concept maps real world through its concept of classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism which help in making a robust application.
This is the presentation file about inheritance in java. You can learn details about inheritance and method overriding in inheritance in java. I think it's can help your. Thank you.
Java abstract class & abstract methods,Abstract class in java
Abstract classes are classes that contain one or more abstract methods. An abstract method is a method that is declared, but contains no implementation. Abstract classes may not be instantiated, and require subclasses to provide implementations for the abstract methods.
oops concept in java | object oriented programming in javaCPD INDIA
object oriented programming is a key concept for the development of application in windows as well as web based application environment. oops concept maps real world through its concept of classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism which help in making a robust application.
This presentation deals with pure object oriented concepts and defines basic principles of OOP's like Encapsulation , polymorphism , Inheritance and Abstraction.
An overview of object oriented programming including the differences between OOP and the traditional structural approach, definitions of class and objects, and an easy coding example in C++. This presentation includes visual aids to make the concepts easier to understand.
This presentation deals with pure object oriented concepts and defines basic principles of OOP's like Encapsulation , polymorphism , Inheritance and Abstraction.
An overview of object oriented programming including the differences between OOP and the traditional structural approach, definitions of class and objects, and an easy coding example in C++. This presentation includes visual aids to make the concepts easier to understand.
Superclasses, and Subclasses, Overriding and Hiding Methods, Polymorphism, Inheritance Hierarchies, Super keyword, Final Classes and Methods, Abstract,
Classes and Methods, Nested classes & Inner Classes,
finalization and garbage collection.
Interface in java By Dheeraj Kumar Singhdheeraj_cse
In Java,
An interface is a way through which unrelated objects use to interact with one another.
Using interface, you can specify what a class must do, but not how it does it.
It is not a class but a set of requirements for classes that implement the interface.
Inheritence, Terminology, Inheritance in java, The class called Object, Super keyword, Example, Method Overriding, Method Overriding example, Abstract Class, Abstract Class Number and the Java Wrapper Classes, Final Method and Classes, Multiple Inheritance
Detailed presentation on Inheritance and interfaces in JAVA. Presentation includes suitable example for better understanding the concepts such as Overriding in java and also keywords such as FINAL and SUPER.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
2. INHERITANCE..
As the name suggests, inheritance means to take something that is
already made.
It is one of the most important feature of Object Oriented
Programming.
It is the concept that is used for reusability purpose.
Inheritance is the mechanism through which we can derived
classes from other classes.
The derived class is called as child class or the subclass or we can
say the extended class and the class from which we are deriving the
subclass is called the base class or the parent class.
3. TYPES OF INHERITANCE
The following kinds of inheritance are there in java.
Simple Inheritance
Multilevel Inheritance
Hierarchical inheritance
Use case of Interfaces (Multiple,Hybrid Inheritance)
4. INHERITANCE
Simple Inheritance
When a subclass is derived simply from it's parent class
then this mechanism is known as simple inheritance.
Multilevel Inheritance
The process of a subclass is derived from a derived class.
In multilevel, one-to-one ladder increases.
Multiple classes are involved in inheritance, but one class
extends only one.
The lowermost subclass can make use of all its super classes'
members.
5. INHERITANCE
Hierarchical Inheritance
In hierarchical type of inheritance, one class is extended by many
subclasses.
It is one-to-many relationship.
Multiple Inheritance
The process of more than one subclass is derived from a same
base class.
In multiple, many-to-one ladder increases.
Multiple classes are involved in inheritance, but one class extends
only one.
6. INHERITANCE
Hybrid Inheritance
Hybrid Inheritance is the combination of
multiple, hierarchical inheritance.
8. INHERITANCE IN JAVA
To know about the concept of inheritance in java we should know
about the following concepts,
methods,
data members,
access controls,
constructors,
Key words
‘ this ’,
‘ super ‘etc.
To derive a class in java the keyword extends is used.
9. ‘SUPER’ KEYWORD
.
As the name suggest super is used to access the members of the
super class.
It is used for two purposes in java.
1. The first use of keyword super is to access the hidden data
variables of the super class hidden by the sub class.
e.g. Suppose class A is the super class that has two instance
variables as int a and float b.
class B is the subclass that also contains its own data
members named a and b.
Then we can access the super class (class A) variables a and
b inside the subclass class B just by calling the following
command.
super.member;
10. CONT..
2.Use of super to call super class constructor: The second
use of the keyword super in java is to call super class
constructor in the subclass.
This functionality can be achieved just by using the
following command.
super(param-list);
Here parameter list is the list of the parameter requires by the
constructor in the super class.
super must be the first statement executed inside a super class
constructor.
If we want to call the default constructor then we pass the
empty parameter list.
11. ‘THIS’ KEYWORD
The keyword ’this’ is useful when we need to refer to instance of
the class from its method.
‘this’ keyword helps us to avoid name conflicts.
As we can see in the program that we have declare the name of
instance variable and local variables same.
The keyword this will reference the current class the word appears
in.
It will allow you to use the classes methods if used like this
this.methodName();
12. ACCESS SPECIFIERS IN JAVA
There are four Access Specifiers in Java
1. Public: When a member of a class is declared as public
specifier, it can be accessed from any code.
2. Protected: Protected is only applicable in case of
Inheritance. When a member of a class is declared as
protected, it can only be accessed by the members of its class
or subclass.
3. Private: A member of a class is declared as private
specifier, can only be accessed by the member of its class.
4. Default: When you don't specify a access specifier to a
member, Java automatically specifies a default. And the
members modified by default can only be accessed by any
other code in the package, but can't be accessed outside of a
package.
13. AN EXAMPLE OF MULTI LEVEL INHERITANCE
A Scenario where one class is inheriting/extending the behaviour
of another class which in turn is inheriting behavior from yet
another class.
Ex: public class Automobile {…}
Public class Car extends Automobile {…}
Public class Ferrari extends Car {…}
This multilevel inheritance actually has no limitations on the
number of levels it can go.
So as far as java goes, it is limitless. But for maintenance and ease
of use sakes it is better to keep the inheritance levels to a single
digit number.
14. EXAMPLE:
class Aves
{ Aves
public void nature() {
System.out.println(”Aves fly"); }
} Bird
class Bird extends Aves
{
Parrot
public void eat(){
System.out.println("Eats to live"); }
}
class Parrot extends Bird
{
public void food() {
System.out.println("Parrot eats seeds andfruits"); }
15. CONT..
public static void main(String args[])
{
Parrot p1 = new Parrot();
p1.food(); // calling its own
p1.eat(); // calling super class Bird
method
p1.nature(); // calling super class Aves
method
}
}
16. HOW TO DO MULTIPLE INHERITANCE IN JAVA?
Actually, java does not support multiple inheritance
However, you can achieve partial multiple inheritance with the
help of interfaces.
Ex: public class FerrariF12011 extends Ferrari implements Car,
Automobile {…}
And this is under the assumption that Car and Automobile are
interfaces.
17. INTERFACES IN JAVA
An interface is a container of abstract methods.
It allows Java to implement Multiple Inheritance, because a class
can't have more than one superclass in Java, but can implements
many interfaces.
Methods are just declared in interface, but not defined. The class
which implements an interface must have to define the method
declared in the interface.
Access modifiers and return type must be same as declared in the
interface.
Private and static methods can't be declared in the interface.
18. WHY DOESN'T JAVA ALLOW MULTIPLE
INHERITANCE?
Let us say the Automobile Class has a drive() method and the Car
class has a drive() method and the Ferrari class has a drive()
method too.
Let us say we create a new class FerrariF12011 that looks like
below:
Public class FerrariF12011 extends Ferrari, Car, Automobile {…}
And at some point of time we need to call the drive() method, what
would happen?
Our JVM wouldn't know which method to invoke and we may have
to instantiate one of the classes that you already inherit in order to
call its appropriate method.
To avoid this why the creators of java did not include this direct
multiple inheritance feature.
19. EXAMPLE
interface Suzuki
{ Suzuki Ford
public abstract void body();
}
interface Ford
{ MotorCar
public abstract void engine();
}
public class MotorCar implements Suzuki, Ford
{
public void body()
{
System.out.println("Fit Suzuki body");
}
20. CONT..
public void engine()
{
System.out.println("Fit Ford engine");
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
MotorCar mc1 = new MotorCar();
mc1.body();
mc1.engine();
}}
21. How it works???
In the above code there are two interfaces – Suzuki and
Ford.
Both are implemented by MotorCar because it would like to
have the features of both interfaces
Just to inform there are multiple interfaces and not classes,
tell the compiler by replacing "extends" with "implements”.
MotorCar, after implementing both the interfaces, overrides
the abstract methods of the both – body() and engine(); else
program does not compile.
22. ‘FINAL’ KEYWORD
It can also be called as Restricting Inheritance
Classes that cant be extended are called final classes.
We use the final modifier in the definition of the class to
indicate this.
final class myclass
{
// Insert code here
}
24. INHERITANCE IN C#
Syntax for deriving a class from a base class
class Token
{ Derived class Base class
...
}
class CommentToken: Token
{
... Colon
}
A derived class inherits most elements of its
base class
A derived class cannot be more accessible
than its base class
25. CALLING BASE CLASS CONSTRUCTORS
Constructor declarations must use the base keyword
class Token
{
protected Token(string name) { ... }
...
}
class CommentToken: Token
{
public CommentToken(string name) : base(name) { }
A private base class constructor cannot be accessed by a
...derived class
} Use the base keyword to qualify identifier scope
26. DEFINING VIRTUAL METHODS
Syntax: Declare as virtual
class Token
{
...
public int LineNumber( )
{ ...
}
public virtual string Name( )
{ ...
}
} Virtual methods are polymorphic
27. OVERRIDING METHODS
Syntax: Use the override keyword
class Token
{ ...
public virtual string Name( ) { ... }
}
class CommentToken: Token
{ ...
public override string Name( ) { ... }
}
28. WORKING WITH OVERRIDE METHODS
You can only override identical inherited virtual methods
class Token
{ ...
public int LineNumber( ) { ... }
public virtual string Name( ) { ... }
}
class CommentToken: Token
{ ...
public override int LineNumber( ) { ... }
}
public override string Name( ) { ... }
You must match an override method with its associated virtual
method
You can override an override method
You cannot explicitly declare an override method as virtual
You cannot declare an override method as static or private
29. USING NEW TO HIDE METHODS
Syntax: Use the new keyword to hide a
method
class Token
{ ...
public int LineNumber( ) { ... }
}
class CommentToken: Token
{ ...
new public int LineNumber( ) { ... }
}
30. WORKING WITH THE NEW KEYWORD
Hide both virtual and non-virtual methods
class Token
{ ...
public int LineNumber( ) { ... }
public virtual string Name( ) { ... }
}
class CommentToken: Token
{ ...
new public int LineNumber( ) { ... }
public override string Name( ) { ... }
}
Resolve name clashes in code
Hide methods that have identical signatures
31. MULTI LEVEL INHERITANCE
Multi Level Inheritance is supported in C#.
Any level of inheritance is possible to inherit
a class “:” is used after the class name.
Like „super‟ keyword in Java, here we have
„base‟ keyword which can be used during
header initialization.
It will invoke the immediate base class of the
calling class.
32. SAMPLE PROGRAM
class person
{
string name; Person
int age;
public person()
{
Console.Write("Enter Name : "); Employee
name = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("Enter age : ");
age = Convert.ToInt32(Console.Read()); Program
}
public virtual void put_data()
{
Console.Write("Name : " + name);
Console.Write("Age : " + age);
}
}
33. CONT..
class employee : person
{
int salary;
public employee()
{
Console.Write("Enter Salary : ");
salary = Convert.ToInt32(Console.Read);
}
public override void put_data()
{
Console.Write("Salary : " + salary);
}
}
34. CONT..
class Program : employee
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
employee e1 = new employee();
e1.put_data();
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit...");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
35. MULTIPLE INHERITANCE
Like Java C# does‟nt have multiple
inheritance.
The reason is same that of java.
We can perform that through interfaces we
can implement any number of interfaces.
36. DECLARING INTERFACES
Interface names should
begin with a capital “I”
interface IToken
IToken
{
« interface »
int LineNumber( );
string Name( ); LineNumber( )
} Name( )
No access specifiers No method bodies
37. IMPLEMENTING MULTIPLE INTERFACES
A class can implement zero or more interfaces
interface IToken
{
string Name( ); IToken IVisitable
} « interface » « interface »
interface IVisitable
{
void Accept(IVisitor v);
}
class Token: IToken, IVisitable
{ ... Token
}
An interface can extend zero or more interfaces
A class can be more accessible than its base interfaces
An interface cannot be more accessible than its base
interfaces
A class must implement all inherited interface methods
38. IMPLEMENTING INTERFACE METHODS
The implementing method must be the same as the
interface method
The implementing method can be virtual or non-
virtual
Same access
class Token: IToken, IVisitable Same return type
{ Same name
public virtual string Name( ) Same parameters
{ ...
}
public void Accept(IVisitor v)
{ ...
}
}