Interfaces define methods that classes can implement. Classes implementing interfaces must define all interface methods. Interfaces can extend other interfaces, requiring implementing classes to define inherited methods as well. Interface variables are implicitly public, static, and final. A class can implement multiple interfaces and override methods with the same name across interfaces. Partial interface implementation requires the class to be abstract.
Java abstract class & abstract methods,Abstract class in java
Abstract classes are classes that contain one or more abstract methods. An abstract method is a method that is declared, but contains no implementation. Abstract classes may not be instantiated, and require subclasses to provide implementations for the abstract methods.
Java abstract class & abstract methods,Abstract class in java
Abstract classes are classes that contain one or more abstract methods. An abstract method is a method that is declared, but contains no implementation. Abstract classes may not be instantiated, and require subclasses to provide implementations for the abstract methods.
Interface in java By Dheeraj Kumar Singhdheeraj_cse
In Java,
An interface is a way through which unrelated objects use to interact with one another.
Using interface, you can specify what a class must do, but not how it does it.
It is not a class but a set of requirements for classes that implement the interface.
This is the presentation file about inheritance in java. You can learn details about inheritance and method overriding in inheritance in java. I think it's can help your. Thank you.
oops concept in java | object oriented programming in javaCPD INDIA
object oriented programming is a key concept for the development of application in windows as well as web based application environment. oops concept maps real world through its concept of classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism which help in making a robust application.
Interface in java By Dheeraj Kumar Singhdheeraj_cse
In Java,
An interface is a way through which unrelated objects use to interact with one another.
Using interface, you can specify what a class must do, but not how it does it.
It is not a class but a set of requirements for classes that implement the interface.
This is the presentation file about inheritance in java. You can learn details about inheritance and method overriding in inheritance in java. I think it's can help your. Thank you.
oops concept in java | object oriented programming in javaCPD INDIA
object oriented programming is a key concept for the development of application in windows as well as web based application environment. oops concept maps real world through its concept of classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism which help in making a robust application.
Java Hibernate Programming with Architecture Diagram and Examplekamal kotecha
Java Hibernate Introduction, Architecture and Example with step by step guidance to run the program especially for students and teachers.
Learn More @ http://java2all.com/technology/hibernate
Network programming in java - PPT with Easy Programs and examples of Java InetAddress Class and java socket programming example.
Learn more @ http://java2all.com/technology/network-programming
ppt of class and methods in java,recursion in java,nested class,java,command line argument,method overloading,call by value,call by reference,constructor overloading core java ppt
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
3. Interfaces are similar to abstract classes, but
differ in their functionality.
In interfaces, none of the methods are
implemented means interfaces defines methods
without body.
Interfaces are syntactically similar to classes, but
they lack instance variables, and their methods are
declared without any body.
But, it can contain final variables, which must
be initialized with values.
http://www.java2all.com
4. Once it is defined, any number of classes can
implement an interface.
One class can implement any number of
interfaces
If we are implementing an interface in a class
we must implement all the methods defined in the
interface as well as a class can also implement its
own methods.
Interfaces add most of the functionality that is
required for many applications which would
normally resort to using multiple inheritance in C+
+. http://www.java2all.com
6. Syntax :
[Access-specifier] interface interface-name
{
Access-specifier return-type method-
name(parameter-list);
final type var1=value;
}
http://www.java2all.com
7. Where, Access-specifier is either public or it is
not given.
When no access specifier is used, it results into
default access specifier and if interface has default
access specifier then it is only available to other
members of the same package.
When it is declared as public, the interface can
be used by any other code of other package.
Interface-Name: name of an interface, it can be
any valid identifier.
http://www.java2all.com
8. Any class that includes an interface must
implement all of the methods. Variables can be
declared inside interface declarations.
They are implicitly final and static, means they
can not be changed by implementing it in a class.
They must also be initialized with a constant value.
http://www.java2all.com
9. EX :
interface Item
{
static final int code = 100;
static final String name = "Fan";
void display ( );
}
interface Area
{
static final float pi = 3.14F;
float compute ( float x, float y );
void show ( );
} http://www.java2all.com
11. Once an interface has been defined, one or
more classes can implement that interface.
To implement an interface, include the
implements clause in a class definition, and then
create the methods declared by the interface.
The general form of a class that includes the
implements clause looks like this:
Access-specifier class classname [extends
superclass] [implements interface, [, interface..]]
{ // class body }
http://www.java2all.com
12. If a class implements from more than one
interface, names are separated by comma.
If a class implements two interfaces that declare
the same method, then the same method will be used
by clients of either interface.
The methods that implement an interface must
be declared as public.
The type-signature of implementing method
must match exactly the type signature specified in the
interface.
http://www.java2all.com
13. interface religion
{
String city = new String("Amritsar");
void greet();
void pray();
}
class gs implements religion
{
public void greet()
{
System.out.println("We greet - ABCD");
}
public void pray()
{
System.out.println("We pray at " + city + " XYZ ");
}
}
class iface1 Output :
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
gs sikh = new gs(); We greet - ABCD
sikh.greet();
sikh.pray();
We pray at Amritsar XYZ
}
}
http://www.java2all.com
14. Implementing interface having common
function name
interface i1
{
void disp();
}
interface i2
{
void disp();
}
class c implements i1, i2
{
public void disp()
{
System.out.println("This is display .. ");
}
} Output :
class iface7
{
public static void main(String args[])
{ This is display ..
c cobj = new c();
cobj.disp();
}
} http://www.java2all.com
15. Note :
When implementing an interface method, it must
be declared as public. It is possible for classes that
implement interfaces to define additional members of
their own.
http://www.java2all.com
16. Partial Implementation of Interface :
If we want to implement an interface in a class
we have to implement all the methods defined in the
interface.
But if a class implements an interface but does
not fully implement the method defined by that
interface, then that class must be declared as
abstract.
http://www.java2all.com
17. interface i1
{
void disp1(); Output :
void disp2();
}
abstract class c1 implements i1
{ This is display of 1
public void disp1()
{
This is display of 2
System.out.println("This is display of 1");
}
}
class c2 extends c1
{
public void disp2()
{
System.out.println("This is display of 2");
}
}
class iface
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
c2 c2obj = new c2();
c2obj.disp1();
c2obj.disp2();
}
} http://www.java2all.com
19. Accessing interface variable :
One can declare variable as object references
that uses an interface rather than a class type.
When you call a method through one of these
references, the correct version will be called based on
the actual instance of the interface being referred to.
http://www.java2all.com
20. nterface AreaCal
{
final double pi = 3.14;
double areacalculation(double r);
}
class Circle implements AreaCal
{
public double areacalculation(double r)
{
double ar;
ar = pi*r*r; Output :
return ar;
}
} Area of Circle is : 329.89625
class iface3
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
double area;
AreaCal ac = new Circle();
area = ac.areacalculation(10.25);
System.out.println("Area of Circle is : " + area);
}
}
http://www.java2all.com
21. Here variable ac is declared to be of the interface
type AreaCal,it was assigned an instance of circle.
Although ac can be used to access the
reacalculation() method,it cannot access any other
members of the client class.
An interface reference variable only has
knowledge of the method declared by its interface
declaration.
http://www.java2all.com
23. Extending interfaces :
One interface can inherit another by use of the
keyword extends. The syntax is the same as for
inheriting classes.
When a class implements an interface that
inherits another interface, It must provide
implementation of all methods defined within the
interface inheritance.
Note : Any class that implements an interface must
implement all methods defined by that interface,
including any that inherited from other interfaces.
http://www.java2all.com
24. interface if1
{
void dispi1();
}
interface if2 extends if1
{
void dispi2();
}
class cls1 implements if2
Output :
{
public void dispi1()
{ This is display of i1
System.out.println("This is display of i1");
} This is display of i2
public void dispi2()
{
System.out.println("This is display of i2");
}
}
public class Ext_iface
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
cls1 c1obj = new cls1();
c1obj.dispi1();
c1obj.dispi2();
}} http://www.java2all.com
25. Multiple inheritance using interface..
class stu
{
int rollno;
String name = new String();
int marks;
stu(int r, String n, int m)
{
rollno = r;
name = n;
marks = m;
}
}
interface i
{
void display();
}
class studerived extends stu implements i
{
studerived(int r, String n, int m)
{
super(r,n,m);
}
http://www.java2all.com
26. public void display()
{
System.out.println("Displaying student details .. ");
System.out.println("Rollno = " + rollno);
System.out.println("Name = " + name);
System.out.println("Marks = " + marks);
}
}
public class Multi_inhe_demo
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
studerived obj = new studerived(1912, "Ram", 75);
obj.display();
}
}
Output :
Displaying student details ..
Rollno = 1912
Name = Ram
Marks = 75
http://www.java2all.com
27. We can make various forms of interface
implementation as below
http://www.java2all.com