Infertility is defined as not being able to get pregnant despite trying for one year. About 10% of couples are affected by infertility, which can be caused by issues with ovulation, the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, or the male partner's sperm. Testing involves evaluating both partners through medical history, physical exams, ovulation detection tests, and procedures to check the fallopian tubes, uterus, and cervical factors. Depending on the test results, treatments may include fertility drugs, surgery, or assisted reproductive technologies like intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilization, and others.