This study establishs a basis for growing
plantlets without sucrose and investigating other
factors like carbon dioxide and light regime to
improve the in vitro growth performance.
Maintenance of aseptic condition, in plant tissue cultureKAUSHAL SAHU
Introduction
Aseptic technique
Sterilizing the culture vessels and instruments
Sterilization of culture media
Sterilizing Transfer area
Sterilizing culture rooms
Sterilizing Plant material
Transfer of the explants
Conclusions
References
plant pathogen interaction
different types of pathogens
gene for gene hypothesis
direct receptor model
Elicitor receptor model
suppersor repressor model
gaurd hypothesis
Effect of environment and nutrition on plant disease developmentparnavi kadam
BRIEF AND PRECISE POINTS ON PLANT DISEASE DEVELOPMENT. IT MOSTLY FOCUSES ON HOW THE FACTORS AFFECT THE MICROBES AND THEN THEIR MICROBIAL EFFECT ON DISEASE DEVELOPMENT.
Maintenance of aseptic condition, in plant tissue cultureKAUSHAL SAHU
Introduction
Aseptic technique
Sterilizing the culture vessels and instruments
Sterilization of culture media
Sterilizing Transfer area
Sterilizing culture rooms
Sterilizing Plant material
Transfer of the explants
Conclusions
References
plant pathogen interaction
different types of pathogens
gene for gene hypothesis
direct receptor model
Elicitor receptor model
suppersor repressor model
gaurd hypothesis
Effect of environment and nutrition on plant disease developmentparnavi kadam
BRIEF AND PRECISE POINTS ON PLANT DISEASE DEVELOPMENT. IT MOSTLY FOCUSES ON HOW THE FACTORS AFFECT THE MICROBES AND THEN THEIR MICROBIAL EFFECT ON DISEASE DEVELOPMENT.
Plant - Pathogen Interaction and Disease DevelopmentKK CHANDEL
Plant diseases are the result of infection by any living organisms that adversely affect the growth, development, physiological functioning and productivity of a plant, manifesting outwardly as visible symptoms.
a detailed description of structural and biochemical mechanisms and importance of phytoalexins in plants and different types of phytoalexins produced the plants and its functions and importance in plant defense mechanism
Meristem tip culture for the production of the virus free plantsArjun Rayamajhi
This presentation gives general idea on the meristem tip culture for the production of the virus free plants. The principles, methods and procedures of the meristem tip culture included. General idea on different in vitro culture techniques for virus elimination meristem tip culture viz. thermotherapy, cryotherapy,chemotherapy and electrotherapy are provided.
The isolation, culture and fusion of protoplasts is a fascinating field in plant research. Protoplast isolation and their cultures provide millions of single cells (comparable to microbial cells) for a variety of studies.
Plant - Pathogen Interaction and Disease DevelopmentKK CHANDEL
Plant diseases are the result of infection by any living organisms that adversely affect the growth, development, physiological functioning and productivity of a plant, manifesting outwardly as visible symptoms.
a detailed description of structural and biochemical mechanisms and importance of phytoalexins in plants and different types of phytoalexins produced the plants and its functions and importance in plant defense mechanism
Meristem tip culture for the production of the virus free plantsArjun Rayamajhi
This presentation gives general idea on the meristem tip culture for the production of the virus free plants. The principles, methods and procedures of the meristem tip culture included. General idea on different in vitro culture techniques for virus elimination meristem tip culture viz. thermotherapy, cryotherapy,chemotherapy and electrotherapy are provided.
The isolation, culture and fusion of protoplasts is a fascinating field in plant research. Protoplast isolation and their cultures provide millions of single cells (comparable to microbial cells) for a variety of studies.
Speed Breeding and its implications in crop improvementANILKUMARDASH2
Introduction
History of speed breeding
Methods of speed breeding
Advantages over conventional breeding
Integration with various technologies
Case studies
Opportunities and challenges
Conclusions
* To have a better understanding of cassava as a crop
* To identify key traits for characterization
* Phenotyping skills developed for key traits
* To identify and follow good principles for hybridization work (from parents, crosses, data collection, seed collection storage, delivery and planting)
* To demonstrate unique processes with different trials
* Biotech tools and delivery
* Team work and collaboration
*
Cereals and pulses sustainable agri food systems under climate changeICARDA
Parallel oral thematic sessions II Cereals and pulses sustainable agri food systems under climate change (ICARDA session)
Organiser: Charles Kleinerman, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)
Contact: C.kleinermann(at)cgiar.org
Date: Thursday, 19.09.2019, 14:00 – 15:30 h
Main purpose of the Parallel oral thematic session:
Presentations in this session will show how current research conducted by ICARDA and its partners in the CWANA region can support a transition towards nutrition-sensitive and climate smart cereal-based agri-food systems under irrigated and rainfed conditions. We will show in particular how plant breeding, agronomy, livestock feeding and systems analysis can be combined to support this diversification and sustainable intensification of cereal-based agri-food systems.
"Aflasafe: a case study for aflatoxin reduction in crops "ExternalEvents
"Aflasafe: a case study for aflatoxin reduction in crops" presentation by "Ranajit Bandyopadhyay, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria"
Abstract
Potato is an important food and cash crop in Eastern Ethiopia; however, its productivity is low for a number of constraints. Shortage of quality planting material and poor tuber sprouting due to long dormancy period of improved varieties at planting are two of the factors known to affect production cycle and productivity of the crop in Eastern Ethiopia. Two separate experiments were conducted from November 2013 to June 2014, to assess the effect of Gibberellic acid and storage condition on seed tuber dormancy breakage of two potato varieties. The treatments in the first experiment consisted of two potato varieties (‘Bubu’ and ‘Bate’) and three levels of Gibberellic acid (GA3) (0, 10, and 20 ppm) kept under three storage methods: in diffused light store (DLS), in pit, and in farmyard manure (FYM) heap. The experiment was laid out as a randomised complete design with four replications and conducted in the horticulture laboratory of Haramaya University. The second experiment consisted of the same treatments laid out in the field to study the effects of the treatments on the subsequent growth, yield, and yield-related traits. The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design with three replications and conducted on a farmer’s field. The results of the experiments showed that genotypes, exogenous application of GA3, and storage conditions, as well as the interaction between them, significantly affected seed tuber dormancy period, sprouting characteristics, and subsequent tuber yield. Dormancy period, sprouting percent, sprout length, length of lateral axillary sprouts, and sprout vigour were significantly affected by the treatments. However, parameters such as days to 50% emergence, days to 50% flowering, and number and weight of very small and small tubers showed highest values for seed tubers, either treated with GA3 or not, and stored under FYM heap and pit storage conditions when compared with tuber treated and stored in DLS. In general, the study indicated that the interaction between genotypes, exogenous application of GA3, and storage conditions resulted in early dormancy termination, early emergence of shoots, and high marketable tuber yield.
Gemeda Mustefa
Seed quality enhancement techniques and biofortification in rice siddusingadi
Introduction
General scenario of rice
Invigoration techniques
Seed Hardening
Seed bio-priming
Seed coating treatments
Factors affecting priming
Biofotification
Gaps in seed priming research
Future areas to be researched
Conclusion
Poster at the 4th International Rice Congress
Authors: Febri Doni, Anizan Isahak, Norela Sulaiman, Che Radziah Che Mohd Zain, Abidah Ashari, Wan Mohtar Wan Yusoff
Title: Use of Tricoderma spp. in Enhancing Rice Productivity
Venue: Bangkok International Trade and Exhibition Centre (BITEC), Bangkok, Thailand
Date: October 28-31, 2014
What is the point of small housing associations.pptxPaul Smith
Given the small scale of housing associations and their relative high cost per home what is the point of them and how do we justify their continued existance
Many ways to support street children.pptxSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
Presentation by Jared Jageler, David Adler, Noelia Duchovny, and Evan Herrnstadt, analysts in CBO’s Microeconomic Studies and Health Analysis Divisions, at the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists Summer Conference.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Understanding the Challenges of Street ChildrenSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
This session provides a comprehensive overview of the latest updates to the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (commonly known as the Uniform Guidance) outlined in the 2 CFR 200.
With a focus on the 2024 revisions issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), participants will gain insight into the key changes affecting federal grant recipients. The session will delve into critical regulatory updates, providing attendees with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate and comply with the evolving landscape of federal grant management.
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the rationale behind the 2024 updates to the Uniform Guidance outlined in 2 CFR 200, and their implications for federal grant recipients.
- Identify the key changes and revisions introduced by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the 2024 edition of 2 CFR 200.
- Gain proficiency in applying the updated regulations to ensure compliance with federal grant requirements and avoid potential audit findings.
- Develop strategies for effectively implementing the new guidelines within the grant management processes of their respective organizations, fostering efficiency and accountability in federal grant administration.
ZGB - The Role of Generative AI in Government transformation.pdfSaeed Al Dhaheri
This keynote was presented during the the 7th edition of the UAE Hackathon 2024. It highlights the role of AI and Generative AI in addressing government transformation to achieve zero government bureaucracy
In vitro growth and hardening performance of yam plantlets from Temporary Immersion Bioreactor system at different sucrose regimes
1. www.iita.org I www.cgiar.org
In vitro growth and hardening performance of
yam plantlets from Temporary Immersion
Bioreactor system at different sucrose
regimes
Akeem. O. NOFIU, Morufat. O. BALOGUN, Norbet
MAROYA and Adeniyi. O. TOGUN
21st Annual symposium of IARSAF,
IITA conference center, Ibadan Nigeria.
18th April, 2018.
2. www.iita.org I www.cgiar.org
Introduction
▪ In West Africa, yam (Dioscorea spp.) plays a very
important role as a
• source of income,
• food security,
• and livelihood systems for at least 60 million
people(Maroya et al., 2015)
▪ Six species are economically important out of 600
species identified
▪ The variety D. rotundata is the principal commercial yam
(FAOSTAT 2014,)
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Yam Productivity constraints
✓ Ultimate constraints
• Limited supply of affordable improved quality seed yam
(Maroya et al., 2015, Asumugha and Ogbona, 2013)
✓ Other constraints
• Seasonality
• on-farm losses of tubers during harvesting and storage
• incidences of pests and diseases,
• high labour cost
▪ More so, the seed yam system in West Africa is mainly
informal and entirely market driven (Maroya et al., 2015).
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High propagation ratio technology
▪ Tissue culture is a technology employed by YIIFSWA to
rapidly propagate disease-free plantlets of yam. (Balogun
et al.,2014)
▪ Conventional plant tissue culture (CTC) is the growth of
plant tissues in a closed, static sterile and laboratory
environment.
▪ Its efficiency is limited by;
• Increased labour cost for frequent sub-culturing
• Small size of the culture container
• limits plantlets access to nutrient and air.
• Fragile plantlets
▪ As a result, plant propagation ratios in CTC are
suboptimal. 4
5. www.iita.org I www.cgiar.org
High propagation ratio technology
▪ CTC limitations led to the development of TIBS(Paek et
al., 2005)
▪ TIBS is an advanced tissue culture technology, where
plants are intermittently ventilated and immersed in
nutrient solution.
▪ Advantages of TIBS over CTC
• Increased productivity (more vigorous plantlets)
• Reduced labour cost
• Eliminates cost of agar
• Less time to label and seal vessels
• Possibly automated
• Ability to combine research with production
• Internet compatibility
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Justification
▪ However, Photoautotrophic micropropagation (PAM),
unlike the CTC techniques is assumed to reduce;
• in vitro biological contamination
• expensive sucrose containing medium
• high rate of acclimatization loss and
• its efficient use in TIBs because of the aeration system.
▪ PAM is carried out using the natural ability of plant to
prepare its own food in controlled environment.
• under high CO2 and high PPF (photosynthetic photon
flux) conditions in sugarless nutrients medium.
▪ Sugar in the medium is considered an essential cause
for the high production costs of plantlets in CTC (Kozai
1991). 6
7. www.iita.org I www.cgiar.org
Objective
▪ In order to establish a baseline;
• a preliminary study to investigate the effects of
sucrose regime on in vitro and post-flask growth
performance of yam plantlets (TDr 95/19177) in SETISTM
type of temporary immersion bioreactor system (TIBs)
and hardening performance was carried out.
7
8. www.iita.org I www.cgiar.org
Materials and methods
Study Location:
The Cell biology unit of the Bioscience centre, IITA Ibadan.
Source of yam plantlets(TDr 95/19177):
The YIIFSWA project of IITA.
Materials:
Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, Sucrose, vented
vessels,beakers, measuring cylinder, electric magnetic
stirrer, magnetic rod/retriever, paper towel, pH meter,
weighing balance, laminar flowhood, distiled water,
autoclave e.t.c.
Experimental Design:
Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 treatments
and 3 replicates 8
9. www.iita.org I www.cgiar.org
Materials and Methods
In vitro growth performance experiment
▪ 50 clean, 3 weeks old CTC plantlets of Dioscorea
rotundata (TDr 95/19177) were transferred into TIBs
containing modified MS medium (with or without 30 g/l
sucrose)
▪ Growth performances observed for 8weeks and
transferred to the glass house for hardening.
▪ A set of plantlets were hardened through gradual
acclimatization
▪ Another sets were hardened directly for each of the
treatments.
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Materials and Methods
Plate 1. a. in vitro yam plantlets grown in 0g/l sucrose media.
b. in vitro yam plantlets grown in 30g/l sucrose media.
a b
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11
Plate 2. a. Height of in vitro yam plantlets grown in 30g/l sucrose media
b. Height in vitro yam plantlets grown in 0g/l sucrose media
Materials and Methods
12. www.iita.org I www.cgiar.org
Materials and Methods
Data collection:
• Numbers of nodes at 8weeks after transfer (WAT)
• Numbers of shoots at 8WAT
• Numbers of roots at 8WAT
• Fresh weight per plantlet at 8WAT
• Height per plantlet at 8WAT and
• survival of plantlets in hardening 2weeks after hardening
(2WAH).
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:
• The data were subjected to analysis of variance
(ANOVA) using Microsoft excel package.
• Differences in means were considered significant at
P ≤ 0.05.
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Result
In vitro growth performance traits
▪ There were no significant differences between treatments in all
growth traits
Table 1: Effects of sucrose regime on in vitro growth performance of
yam plantlets (TDr 95/19177) in SETISTM type of temporary immersion
bioreactor system (TIBs).
Sucrose regime
growth performance traits
Numbers
of Nodes
Numbers
of Shoots
Numbers
of Roots
Fresh weight
per Plantlets
(g)
Height per
plantlets (cm)
30 g/l sucrose media 6.40±3.50 2.20±2.41 3.30±0.63 944.04±766.49 7.82±2.41
0 g/l sucrose media 5.8±2.47 1.8±0.78 3.9±1.96 725.08±572.41 7.46±2.46
LSD value(P ≤ 0.05) 1.25 0.30 0.90 280.39 1.00
13
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Results
Figure 1: Percentage survival of gradual hardened in vitro
yam plantlets grown in 30g/l sucrose media and 0g/l
sucrose media at 2WAH
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
30g/l sucrose media 0g/l sucrose media
%survival
14
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Discussion
▪ The results indicated that the growth performance traits
were not significantly different between the 30g/l sucrose
media and 0g/l sucrose media.
▪ This result is in agreement with Kozai et al. (2002)
▪ Low photosynthetic ability of in vitro plantlets is
considered to be the cause of the low survival and
growth rates in the acclimatization stage (Grout, 1978;
Grout and Aston, 1978; Preece and Sutter, 1991)
▪ Deng and Donnelly, (1993) reported that sucrose in the
medium promoted plantlet growth but depressed
photosynthesis and reduced in vitro hardening.
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Conclusion
▪ In vitro Yam plantlets grown in 30g/l sucrose media
are less adapted to the stress of hardening and
require gradual acclimatization.
▪ Hence, sucrose free media in TIBS can produce
yam plantlets with better adaptive performance to
the natural environment than sucrose containing
media.
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Recommendation
❖ This study has established a basis for growing
plantlets without sucrose and investigating other
factors like carbon dioxide and light regime to
improve the in vitro growth performance which is
the actual study and still in progress.
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Acknowledgements
▪ The most Merciful God
▪ IITA
▪ Yam Improvement for Income and Food security
in West Africa (YIIFSWA) Project, IITA
▪ ALL YIIFSWA team members
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References
Asumugha, G.N. and M.C. Ogbonna. 2013. Promotion of improved yam
minisett technology to improve productivity and reduce excessive
use of food yam for planting in Ghana, Nigeria, Togo and Benin:
Nigeria Report. Ref.: 2010/0022/SN/EA.PS/SE: Consultancy
baseline study on CORAF/WECARD commissioned projects on
staple crops. Submitted to CORAF/WECARD secretariat, Dakar,
Senegal. 27 pp.
Maroya et al., 2015. A new paradigm for improving yam systems. IITA R4D
Review.http://r4dreview.iita.org/index.php/2015/03/20/a-new-
paradigm-for-improving-yam-systemsparadigm-for-improving-yam-
systems.
Deng, R., Donnelly, D. (1993). In vitro hardening of new raspberry by CO2
enrichment and reduced medium sucrose concentration. Hortic. Sci.,
281:1048-1051.
Kozai T, Koyama Y and Watanabe I (2002). Multiplication of potato plantlets
in vitro with sugar-free medium under high photosynthetic photon
flux. Acta. Hort. pp.230.
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